Enlightened Humanities 9: The Life Mystery of Bi Sheng, the Inventor of Movable Type Printing: Movable Type Printing; Bi Sheng; Biography; Yingshan, Hubei; Printing Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Bi Sheng tombstone excavated from Yingshan Mountain in Hubei Province2. 1 The excavation of Bi Sheng's tombstone has attracted heated discussion in the place of origin 2. 2 tombstones out of the land without the surname Bi lead out of the full door copy chop said 3 concluding remarks 1 introduction 2 Hubei Yingshan unearthed Bi Sheng tombstone 2. 1 The excavation of Bi Sheng's tombstone has led to a heated discussion of Bi Sheng's place of origin 3 concluding remarks

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" keyword >: movable type printing; Bi Sheng; Biography; Yingshan, Hubei; Printing</h1>

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="5" > abstract</h1>

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="4" >1 Introduction</h1>

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" >2 Bi sheng tombstones were unearthed in Yingshan, Hubei</h1> Province

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="7">2． 1 The excavation of Bi Sheng's tombstone has attracted heated discussion in the place of origin</h1>

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="8">2． 2 Tombstones out of the land without the surname Bi lead out of the door full of copy cuts said</h1>

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="9" >3 conclusion</h1>

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="10" >1 introduction</h1>

The invention of movable type printing in China has had a huge and far-reaching impact on the printing technology of later generations and the progress of world civilization. Bi Sheng is a figure who has made outstanding contributions to the world, and it is reasonable to write a biography for him, but in addition to Shen Kuo's "Mengxi Pen Talk", there are very few records about Bi Sheng, and even his place of origin and family lineage have become a mystery.

Bi Sheng's life is only 2 words introduced by Shen Kuo: cloth clothes.

The so-called cloth clothes, literally understood, are ordinary people who have not been officials.

Regarding the reliable claim of Bi Sheng's profession, he is a craftsman engaged in engraving and printing. Because of his proficiency in engraving technology, it is possible to become the inventor of movable type plates. Of course, these are also speculations.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="19" >2Bi Sheng's tombstone was unearthed in Yingshan, Hubei</h1> Province

In the autumn of 1990, a tombstone was unearthed at the foot of Sleeping Lion Mountain in Wuguidun Village, Caopandi Town, Yingshan County, Hubei Province. The stele is identified as bi sheng's tombstone.

From December 27 to 28, 1995, the China Printing Technology Association, the Chinese Editorial Society, the Hubei Provincial Cultural Relics Management Committee and other units jointly held the "Yingshan Bisheng Tombstone Seminar" in Yingshan, Hubei Province. After conducting investigation and research on Bi Sheng's tombstone, the participating experts and scholars believed that the tombstone of Yingshan Bisheng can be preliminarily identified as the tombstone of Yingshan Bisheng of the Northern Song Dynasty, the inventor of movable type printing. ( Literature from Liu Gao, Shi Feng, editor-in-chief, Fifty Years of New China Publishing, Xinhua Publishing House, 1999.12.)

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="16">2． 1 The excavation of Bi Sheng's tombstone has aroused heated discussion about Bi Sheng's place of origin</h1>

There are several theories about Bi Sheng's place of origin, all of which are based on Shen Kuo's Mengxi Pen Talk.

Yizhou said that the person who advocated this theory was Li Ciming, the scholar of the late Qing Dynasty. He used ink to annotate the three words "Yizhou ren" under the article "Movable Type Edition of the Juyi Lu Scrolls" of Wang Shiyu in his collection, "Starting from Bi Sheng, Making Song Shiren".

Hangzhou said that it originated from printing expert Zhang Xiumin. In his book "The Invention and Influence of Chinese Printing", he said: "Mengxi Pen Talk" Bi Sheng was related to Shen Kuo, a hangzhou native at that time, so after his death, he was willing to give the movable type prints he created to Shen Kuo's nephews to treasure. Therefore, Bi Sheng may also be a person from hangzhou.

2． 2 out of the land hubei Yingshan no Bi surname people led out of the door to copy the chop said

It is said that after Bi Sheng's death, his descendants in the Ming Dynasty were not willing to be lost in the efforts of their ancestors, so they were convicted of printing coins and printing without authorization, and eventually caused the door to be beheaded. Since then, the descendants of the Bi clan have been uncertain, and even hidden in anonymity, wandering in the rivers and lakes. Such a claim is supported by being a local historist.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="24" >3 conclusion</h1>

I wrote this article with the aim of combing through the fog and throwing bricks and stones, and inheriting the essence of the country.