Author: Tread all over the green mountains
From 1962 to 1970, I lived in the 320 compound in Shijiazhuang, which was the longest military compound I lived in, and it was even more unforgettable.
First, the change and development of Shijiazhuang
Shijiazhuang was originally just a small village in Yulu County, which was founded in the early years of the Ming Dynasty. By the end of the 19th century, there were 200 households and more than 600 people. In 1902, the Beijing-Hankou Railway passed through here, and in 1907, the Zhengtai Railway was connected with the Beijing-Hankou Railway here. The convenience of transportation and the prosperity of commerce have led to rapid development and a sharp increase in population. In 1925, the Beiyang government approved the merger of Shijiazhuang Village and Xiumen Village to establish Shimen City, with a population of 33,000 people. On October 10, 1937, Japanese invading forces occupied Shimen. In 1939, Shimen expanded the urban area to more than 50 villages in Yulu and Zhengding, and the population increased to 168,000. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, Shimen City was taken over by the Kuomintang 5th Army and stationed with troops.
On November 12, 1947, the Chinese People's Liberation Army conquered Shimen City (Shijiazhuang City), the first large city occupied by our army during the Liberation War in the whole country, and immediately established the first people's power centered on the city in Shimen City.
On December 26, 1947, the Shimen Municipal People's Government issued a notice changing the name of Shimen City to Shijiazhuang City. At the same time, the establishment of the North China People's Government in Shijiazhuang marked the initial establishment of its position as the political center. By the time of the founding of New China in 1949, Shijiazhuang had a population of 278,000.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Shijiazhuang City was a county-level city under the Shijiazhuang Special District (Region) of Hebei Province. On January 29, 1968, the capital of Hebei Province was moved to Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang District.
In August 1978, Shijiazhuang City was separated from Shijiazhuang District, and Shijiazhuang City was upgraded to a provincial municipality.
In June 1993, Shijiazhuang District merged with Shijiazhuang City, called Shijiazhuang City, which is a provincial-administered city and implements a city-managed county system.
The above map is the 64-year version of the military map of Shijiazhuang City, I believe that the children of the military compound who are familiar with the situation at that time can find the specific location of their own compound.
2. The garrison compound in Shijiazhuang
There are many garrison compounds in Shijiazhuang City, and the garrison units in the 1950s and 1960s were: Shijiazhuang Senior Infantry School (changed to the Tenth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense in 1961), the 63rd Army Headquarters, the Shijiazhuang Infantry School (code-named Jingzi 320 Unit), the Railway Corps College (code-named Unit 501), the Air 13th Army Headquarters (later sold); the 189th Division of the 63rd Army (under the jurisdiction of 3 infantry regiments, an artillery regiment and a tank regiment), and the Logistics Division of the Beijing Military Region (code-named Jingzi 801 Unit). The 14th Artillery Division of the Fourth Aviation School of the Air Force (code named Unit 019), the 61st Artillery Division, code named Unit 4733), Shijiazhuang Military Subdistrict; Bethune International Peace Hospital, Beijing Military District Health School, Beijing Military Region Military Medical Research Institute, Automobile 4 Regiment, 260 Hospital, Air Force 467 Hospital, etc.; in addition to the North China Police Academy of the Ministry of Public Security, two public security regiments, Zonghou 3502 Factory, 3514 Factory, Armored Corps 6410 Factory, 6411 Factory and other military units. At that time, the principal of the Shijiazhuang Senior Infantry School was Lieutenant General Teng Haiqing, the principal of the Shijiazhuang Infantry School where our family was located was Major General Chen Jinyu (later Colonel Chen Lei), and the political commissar was Major General Chen Yafu.
The most concentrated area of the Shijiazhuang garrison compound is Zhongshan West Road. From east to west, the north of the road is arranged by the 63rd Army Headquarters, the 10th Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense (including several research institutes under its jurisdiction), and the Shijiazhuang Infantry School. From east to west, the south of the road are arranged as Bethune Peace Hospital, Beijing Military Region Health School, Air Force 467 Hospital, Seven Divisions (including Medical Research Institute, 4th Automobile Regiment, etc.), and 61st Artillery Division. The 4th Aviation School of the Air Force is a little further away, about a few kilometers north of the Shijiazhuang Infantry School.
The following army compound is where I have lived for many years.
3. The 320 compound in Shijiazhuang
The 320 compound is the short name of the Shijiazhuang infantry school compound by the Shijiazhuang people in the 1950s and 1960s. The predecessor of Shijiazhuang Infantry School was the 32nd Infantry School of the People's Liberation Army established in 1950 with the 67th Army Military Department as the main body, the school was renamed the Ninth Infantry School in 1952, and in 1955, when the whole army was reformed in the academy system, it was assigned to the leadership of the Beijing Military Region and renamed shijiazhuang Infantry School (also known as the Beijing Military Region Infantry School), code-named Jingzi 320 Unit, and the title of 320 Compound was derived.
The headquarters of the Shijiazhuang Infantry School is located in the Western Barracks built by the former Japanese army invading China in Shijiazhuang (the former garrison of the 163rd Wing of the Japanese Army), and there is also a tactical training ground in Shangzhuang Village, Yulu County (the training ground is planted with sweet potatoes, peanuts and other crops, where we used to work).
At the beginning of 1962, my father was transferred to the Shijiazhuang Infantry School, and our family moved to the 320 compound in Shijiazhuang. At that time, it felt that the urban area of Shijiazhuang City was not large, but it felt not small to circle the 320 compound with barbed wire and bunkers, and at that time we roughly divided the 320 compound into three areas, which were called the first, second and third barracks.
The first barracks are mainly residential areas for cadres, and there are also kindergartens for children, primary schools for children, and training grounds for armed crossings. In addition, the school's guest house is also located in this area, and it is generally arranged for people from higher and fraternal units, as well as short-term visits from the families of non-accompanying military officers. There is a large walnut tree on the side of the kindergarten in the southeast corner of a barracks, and every summer when the walnuts are ripe, we will run to steal walnuts, the general division of labor is for boys to pick trees, and girls to pick and peel under the trees. The most obvious feature after stealing walnuts is that a pair of small hands seem to be soaked in a dyeing vat, and the purple-brown hands cannot be washed for many days.
The second barracks is mainly an office and service support area, with office buildings, auditoriums, officers' clubs, film screening grounds, hospitals, military service clubs, popsicle factories, barber rooms, baths, post offices, car teams, swimming pools, printing plants, etc. There is also a small arms firing range in the northeast corner of the second barracks, and not far from the north side of the protective wall of the shooting range is a village called the Camp. Speaking of shooting ranges and camps, 320 children my age should remember that in the mid-to-late 60s, 320 children and children in the camp village often gathered dozens or even hundreds of people here to fight offensive and defensive battles. The children of the 320 compound consider themselves communists, while the children of the liuying village are called the national army. At that time, the weapons of the warring sides were mainly grenades (locally sourced blocks of earth), and although they had the advantage of a large number of weapons, we occupied a favorable terrain with condescending walls as a cover, and the overall combat strength was still slightly peaked by us. After the battle, usually both sides will have bruises on the skin or wounded with bulging heads, but the two sides will still be happy to agree on the next time to start the war.
The three-soldier battalion is a cadet station and training ground, including cadet dormitories, large playgrounds, armed cross-country training grounds, small arms shooting ranges, arsenals, classrooms, tactical sand table rooms and so on. The most attractive thing for us at that time was the tactical sandbox room. There are a lot of real-world sand tables in the sand table room, there are a large number of tanks, cannons, cars, light and heavy machine guns, trenches, barbed wire, bunkers and other models on the side of the sand table, and there are many models of soldiers in the lying, kneeling, and standing positions holding guns (most of the models are cast with tin, we call these models small tin people), here is the place where the infantry cadets learn tactical courses and practice platoon deployment, but sometimes we will also use the holiday time to softly grind hard and beg the instructor uncle of the tactical department to introduce the knowledge of platoon deployment. As a result, when we watch movies or TV series on the theme of war, we often complain that the director "the soldiers are not, the tactics do not understand." At that time, the infantry school also brought together many classic examples of warfare used for teaching and the typical deeds of combat heroes and exemplary figures, and our children did their best to pass them on through their parents or instructor uncles, which invisibly allowed revolutionary heroism to take root in the depths of our souls.
After the abolition of the infantry school at the end of 1969, the 320 compound was transferred to the 27th Army (military department) in 1970, and in 1974, the original 320 compound was divided into two courtyards, the east courtyard was still the 27th Army Headquarters (transferred to the Central Theater Army in 2016), and the western courtyard was assigned to the Shijiazhuang Army Command College.
The following two pictures are the 1964 version of the military map of the 320 compound (the newly built dormitory where my family stayed in 66 years has not been marked in the map) and the satellite map of the original 320 compound area in 2016, and the 320 compound in memory no longer exists in reality.
Fourth, the compound complex of the children of the army
From 1963 to 1970, I finished primary school at the Shijiazhuang Infantry School for Children, and then attended junior high school at the Qiyi School, and with the sale of the All-Army Infantry School in 1969 and the transfer of the barracks of the troops in 1970, we moved out of the 320 compound one after another, but the best golden years of our lives remained there forever.
Our generation of children in the courtyard have been influenced by the military camp since childhood, and the genes of the soldiers are inherited in the body, the heroism of the soldiers is permeated in the bones, and the loud military trumpets have always accompanied us to grow. In addition to receiving good enlightenment and scientific and cultural knowledge education in the compound, more importantly, the ideals and beliefs of the older generation of soldiers have a great impact on our growth. This is crucial for us to form a correct world view, and it can be said to be the biggest gain for those of us who are in the courtyard.
Most of our generation's children have lived in the army compound for more than ten years or even decades (many children have joined the army and entered the army compound). The experience of the compound has fostered our spirit of unity, loyalty, hardship and dedication. The ideals, beliefs and actions of the previous generation of soldiers who contributed everything to the party are even more examples for us in the courtyard, and the formation of the unique temperament and excellent moral character of the children in the courtyard is largely influenced and influenced by this environment.
The compound is a small society with all its internal organs and a harmonious and friendly big family. Fathers and fathers are familiar with each other, they have formed a deep friendship in work and life, especially many people are brothers who have died on the battlefield, so they are good colleagues and comrades in arms at work, and they are good neighbors and good friends in life. At that time, the atmosphere of mutual care, mutual help, positive and enterprising, and hard work between neighbors was far from being comparable to the reality of today's society. Of course, the friendship of the previous generation has also been well inherited in our generation, and the children in the compound are not only small and classmates, but also brothers and sisters. This kind of emotion that has been passed down from generation to generation cannot be experienced by people who have not lived in the compound, and it is also the root cause of the children of the courtyard who still miss it to this day.
At the end of 2017, my friend invited me to a small dinner party, which was attended by 10 people from 5 families. It was found that 9 of the 10 people had been officers above the rank of major, 7 were second-generation military officers, and 5 were retired officers, a phenomenon that reflected that the feelings and marriages of most second-generation military officers were still closely related to the army compound.
Fifth, my elementary school my class
In the 1960s, the vast majority of the children of the Qiaoxi Garrison in Shijiazhuang City were concentrated in 3 schools, one was the Qiyi School, which was one of the 4 schools for children established by the Beijing Military Region (the other 3 were in Beijing, Tianjin, and Taiyuan), which were successively managed by the Senior Infantry School and the 63rd Army. The school implements a boarding system, and according to the quota allocated by the cadres of the Beijing Military Region, the children of cadres of the units under the jurisdiction of the Beijing Military Region can enroll in the July 1st School. But in fact, the school is still dominated by the children of the local garrison in Shijiazhuang, especially the children of the 63rd Army. The second is the Wuyi Primary School (originally named the Infantry School for Children, which was renamed May 1 Primary School after the army founded the primary school was handed over to the locality, and renamed the Bayi Primary School after the 27th Army entered the compound), the school is a day school, and the two main principles for enrollment are the children of military cadres and the nearest school. Therefore, the school's students mainly come from the infantry school, the 61st Artillery Division (later also established a primary school, and its children have been transferred away), the 7th Division, the Beijing Military Region Military Medical Research Institute, the 4th Automobile Regiment, the 467th Air Force Hospital, the Beijing Military Region Health School, the Bethune International Peace Hospital and other units. The third is Dongfeng Primary School (formerly the Tenth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense, later renamed Dongfeng Primary School), the source of students is mostly the children of the ten institutes and several subordinate research institutes, and there are also children of the Fourth Aviation School of the Air Force studying in the school. (Due to the long-term memory and the difficulty of finding information, please correct the inaccuracies of the insiders).
I attended the Infantry School for Children in elementary school and the July 1st School in junior high school. In addition to the children of the infantry school, the students in the elementary school also have the children of several compounds such as the 7th Division (including the Military Medical Research Institute and the 4th Automobile Regiment), the Air Force Hospital, the Military District Health School and the Bethune Peace Hospital. After the abolition of the infantry school in 1970, our parents were transferred to various units of the Beijing Military Region, so the children also went with their parents, and since then the classmates have lost contact with each other.
In the blink of an eye, I have been leaving the 320 compound for almost 50 years to go to Beijing, and only about 20 of the students in the class can recall their names, and the other students can't remember. Fortunately, I recently contacted several classmates, and everyone finally recalled the roster of classmates in the class to complement each other.
Principal: Li Tingkui Class Teacher: Zhao Jingzhen
schoolboy:
I, Zhu Yinjian, Liu Zhiping, Liu Junyi, Zhang Jingyue, Wang Zhizhi, Shi Rongping, Liu Fuqiang, Pan Peisen (Pan Pisen), Xu Yaning, Xu Junyou, Feng Lijun, Wang Shiping, Meng Shijin, Ji Liying, Wang Fudong, Sun Shanqi, Wang Ju, Wang Xinrong, Li Jianping, Pan Jingyun, Zhao Wenping, Zhao Huiping, Song Weiping, Li Zhiguang, Sun Xibin, Qi Ming, Cao Shengli, Li Jingqi
schoolgirl:
Ha Baoying, Wang Zhili, Cao Luping, Mao Yaqian, Hu Yan, Li Yanping, Wu Li (Wu Lusheng), Zhai Shuying, Sun Jie, Shan Huilin, Dong Limin, Wang Yuxian, Wang Xiaohong
(Nearly 50 years of loss of contact, forgetting and mistakes are inevitable, please include and remind).
Can you tell who it is in the 1968 photo below?
The above is the original content, and the following is the subsequent supplement.
VI. Return to the 320 Compound (Supplemented in December 2018)
48 years later, our group of children, who once lived in the 320 compound, met and returned to the barracks where dreams often appeared.
The soldiers of the iron camp and the old barracks have been replaced, but the old buildings and old pine trees that remain in the barracks should still remember our faces that are gradually getting old.
Today's youth is no longer in the appearance of their own change, but the loyal, upright, brave, and resolute character of our soldiers' children will never change, and the friendship between the young and the young will never change.
On November 18, 2018, several 320 fa xiao returned to the original 320 compound (only entered the original second barracks camp, and the first and third barracks of the original compound could not enter due to strict control), and the photos showed classmates Wang Shiping, himself, Liu Zhiping, Xu Yaning, as well as the younger fa Xiao Wu Ruiyuan, Cao Jianjun, Chang Lixia, Wang Min, and Li Lihua.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="48" > the main road east-west direction of the 320 compound</h1>
The only remaining old buildings in the 320 compound are probably the 8 old houses where we took the group photo, the former officers' club and the old houses of the original printing house.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="50" > we take a picture in front of the old buildings that remain in the barracks (the original building number was 103 oh).</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="51" > the former site of the 320 compound club</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="52" > climbed onto the coal pile to photograph the club's old site</h1>
VII. Reunion of Splendid Golden Mountain (Supplement in July 2019)
At noon on July 1, 2019, the children gathered again in the 308 private room of Shijiazhuang Jinxiu Jinshan Hotel (West Second Ring Road Store), and everyone gathered together on the one hand to celebrate the 98th anniversary of the founding of the great Communist Party of China, and on the other hand, to share the friendship between the small and the small in the compound. Without July 1, there would be no August 1, and without August 1, there would be no small hair from the compound of our military camps.
In the group photo, the first row from left to right are Li Feng, Chang Lisong, Wang Qiang, Wu Ruiping, Wang Huimin (teacher), Chang Lixia, Yin Jingxiang, and himself; the second row from left to right are Gao Yufang, Cao Jianjun, Yin Jingnan, Liu Zhiping, Liu Bao, Li Lihua, Gao Lisha, and Wu Ruiyuan.
8. Reunite in Shijiazhuang on September 20, 2020
At noon on September 20, 2020, I and Xiao Zhang Limin, Zhang Lihui, Li Ya, Chang Lixia, Yin Jingxiang, Gao Yufang, Li Lihua, Zhu Shimen, Wu Ruiyuan, and Li Liancheng, Wang Ying, and his wife from the 320 compound met again in Shijiazhuang, which is a group photo.
9. Screenshots of some small messages
Goodbye, the paradise of our childhood.
Goodbye, 320 yards in our hearts.