Mangsian look at today's praying mantis should be born
——Appreciation of Yong Mang's ancient poems
Wang Chuanxue
Mangseed, the ninth solar term in the 24 solar terms, the third solar term in summer, the Mangcang solar term is held on June 5-7 of the Gregorian calendar every year, when the handle of the Beidou points to the southeast, and the solar ecliptic longitude reaches 75°. It is recorded in the almanac: "Douji is a mangseed, and at this time it can be planted with the valley of mang, after which it will expire, so the name mangseed is also." "This means that the mango solar term is the most suitable cereal crop for sowing mango. Mango seeds are also the cut-off point of the timing of planting crops, due to the hot weather, has entered a typical summer, agricultural crops are bounded by this season, after this solar term, the survival rate of crops is getting lower and lower. Mangseed is a busy solar term for sowing seeds, and the folk also call it "busy seed". The agricultural proverb "Mangsang is busy, busy planting" is exactly this truth. This is the time when rice is raised in the south and wheat is harvested in the north.
In ancient times, the continent divided the mango species into three periods: "One waiting for the mantis to give birth; Erhou Peng Shiming; The three waiting tongues are silent. "In this solar term, the eggs laid by the praying mantis in the late autumn of the previous year broke their shells to give birth to small praying mantis because they felt the first birth of yin qi; In contrast to the yin-loving shrike that began to appear on the branches and chirp in the shade, the anti-tongued bird, which could learn the calls of other birds, stopped chirping because it sensed the appearance of yin.
Ancient poets of the mainland left many poems about the Mangchang solar term, and here are a few selected and analyzed for everyone to enjoy.
Tang Dynasty poet Yuan Shu's "Yong Twenty Four Solar Terms Poems - Mangchong May Festival" vividly depicts the phenological scene of the Mangchong season:
Look at today, praying mantis should be born.
The clouds are high and the shadows are lowered, and the birds are coming and going.
The lotus flowers bloom in the swamp, and the wind and summer are sunny.
When I met and asked about silkworm wheat, I was lucky to be human.
For the poet Yuan Shu, the mangseed solar term contains the change of phenology and the joy of harvest.
In the first link, the poet bluntly said that today's mangseed, and brought out one of the three conditions of mangseed: praying mantis birth. Praying mantises, grass worms too. Because it can catch cicadas and eat, it is called insecticide. Praying mantis laid eggs in late autumn of the previous year, at which time small praying mantis began to be born. The praying mantis adapted to the festival and came into being.
Jaw Lian writes that the clouds are high and low, leaving a shadow; Eagles come and go, making noises. Write the second phenology: 鵙 (jú) first song. The poem uses the word "鴳", which is actually a metaphor for the phenomenon of the bird's song. Bird, shrike too. The shade-loving shrike begins to appear on the branches and sings in the shade.
Sanhou's "anti-tongue is silent", this poem does not mention. Antiglossal refers to the name of the bird. That is, the Hundred Tongue Bird. In the Mangseed solar term, anti-tongued birds that can learn the calls of other birds stop chirping because they sense the appearance of yin qi.
The neck link writes a typical scenery of the mango season: in the clear pond, lotus flowers bloom quietly; In the hot south wind, the summer rain is very pleasant. "Shunuma" vs. "hot wind", "lotus bloom" vs. "summer rain". A set of fresh summer pictures, striking. The long summer is poetically presented to us.
Tail link, about farmers busy harvesting silkworm wheat. The silkworms go up the mountain, the wheat shines, and they are harvested. And almost at the same time, rice seeds have mango, when seeded. It's a busy season of "harvesting and planting". The common people are also busy and happy, busy and happy. Simple words and common topics make everyone's feelings naturally close together.
Live in the summer breeze, live in simplicity, live in hope and harvest. Mangsang, what a favorite solar term.
Tang Dynasty poet Dou Chang's "Beigu Evening View", which looks high and far away during the Mangchong season, expresses the emotion of the death of personnel:
After the water country was planted, the plum sky was cool and rainy.
The dew silkworm opened the evening cluster, and Jiang Yan circled the dangerous tree.
The toes of the mountains come to the north to solidify, and the tide head to the west to grow.
Every year, personnel have disappeared.
After the Southern Mangseed Solar Term, the rainy season came, and even the rainy days became cooler. The last late silkworms have been clustered, and the swallows on the riverside are constantly circling around the ship's mast. The poet climbed Beigu Mountain to overlook the distance, looking at the flowing water day and night and falling into deep thought. I climb high on this mountain year after year, and this death is like this flowing water.
The poet climbs high and overlooks the distance during the Mangchong season, facing the magnificent mountains and rivers, lamenting the vicissitudes of the world, and expressing the emotion of the death of personnel.
The Southern Song Dynasty poet Lu You's "Time Rain" (excerpt) describes the production and life of the Mangchong season, full of fireworks, the taste of the tongue and the scene of busy farming:
When the rain and the mango seed, the four fields are planted.
The family's wheat rice is beautiful, and the song is long everywhere.
The old me became a lazy farmer, and he paid bamboo beds forever.
Hair is short, love this rain cool.
This is a mangcao poem written by Lu You, a famous poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. The sixteen verses of the original poem are excerpts from the first eight.
The first and second sentences "When the rain and the mango seed, all the fields are planted", it is written that the rain of the time comes one after another during the mango season, and there are farmers everywhere in the field who are busy planting seedlings. These two sentences explain the busy scene of the Mangchong season. Mangsang begins precisely from the ups and downs of labor.
The third and fourth sentences, "Every family's wheat and rice are beautiful, and the song is long everywhere", writes that every household eats rice cooked with wheat grains and beans, and everywhere the song of the Cailing woman Cailing is wafting. These two sentences explain the cuisine of the Mangchong season. The smell of mango seeds has begun to spread on the table, making people salivate. Mango seeds with wheat rice and water chestnuts are not pleasing to people.
In the fifth or sixth verse, "The old me becomes a lazy farmer, and I will never pay the bamboo bed", the poet said, I have gradually aged into a non-cultivated farmer, and I pass the time on the bamboo bed from morning to night. These two sentences tell the poet himself that he is old and slack, and can only spend a lot of time on a bamboo bed. In the south, sleeping on bamboo beds was also a way to "cool off", and at that time it was an artifact for farmers to cool off. The poet lies on a bamboo bed, saying that he is old, and at the same time indicating that the weather has become hot during the Mangchong season.
In the seventh and eighth sentences "Fade hair is not short, love this rain and cool", the poet said that his gray hair became shorter, and he could not tie his hair day by day, but he still loved the coolness sent by the summer rain in front of him. These two sentences explain the weather in Mangsang. The aging poet did not degenerate, on the contrary, when he saw the flowers and plants and pergolas in the yard, exuding a faint fragrance in the rain, his spirit was lifted. The nature and tranquility in front of you disperse the originally busy Mangseed solar term. After such a depiction, all the creatures after the rain seem to become more lovely.
Lu You is such a great poet who knows life, loves life, and sings about life. In his writing, Mangseed is full of poetry, pyrotechnics, and tongue flavor, which makes us cherish the good season of Mangcao more.
Qing Dynasty poet Hong Liangji's "Ili Chronicle Poems" introduces the customs and worldly conditions of the Mangchong season in Xinjiang:
The mango seed has only passed the snow, and the grass outside the Ili River is first fertilized.
It is difficult to walk steadily, and there are fears that snakes will fly from the nose.
In the present-day Xinjiang region, Ili is known as "Stuffing the Jiangnan". The climate here is very different from other places. After planting, the snow did not stop, and the grass by the Ili River had just grown. The newborn ponies were unsteady and afraid of snakes flying by. The poet depicts the customs and conditions of the northwestern frontier region, showing the vast and vast style of the Qing Dynasty.