The Tang Dynasty, one of the most powerful and prosperous empires in Chinese history, with a land area of 12.37 million, stood proudly on the top of the world at that time in its strong period.
Establishment of the Tang Dynasty
During the reign of the Sui Emperor, the Grand Canal was built between the north and the south, but due to excessive consumption of national strength, it triggered the civil revolt and the rebellion of the nobles in the late Sui Dynasty. The Sui Dynasty quickly collapsed in this situation. On April 11 of the second year of Yining (618), Yu Wenhe, Sima Dejun, Pei Qiantong, and others staged a mutiny, killed Emperor Sui, and installed Yang Hao, a nephew of Emperor Sui, as emperor.
Soon, Yu Wenhe killed Yang Hao and proclaimed himself emperor, and the state name Xu. The following year, he was jointly annihilated by the Tang general Li Shentong and Dou Jiande, the king of Xia. In May of the first year of Yining (617), Li Yuan, the Duke of Tang who remained in Taiyuan, raised troops in Jinyang, occupied Chang'an in November, and installed Yang You, the third grandson of Emperor Jiao of Sui, as emperor, and changed Yuan Yining, that is, Emperor Gong of Sui. Li Yuan appointed himself prime minister and became king of Tang.
On June 12, the second year of Yining (618), Li Yuan forced Emperor Gong of Sui to take the throne, and on June 18, Li Yuan officially declared himself emperor, the state name Tang, and established the Tang Dynasty for Tang Gaozu.
1 - Tang Gaozu
Tang Gaozu Li Yuan, character Shude. The founding emperor of the Tang Dynasty of China, a politician and military commander of the early Tang Dynasty, the grandson of Li Hu, the ancestor of the Tang Dynasty, and the son of the Tang ancestor Li Xiang.
When Li Yuan was declared emperor, the crowd was in dispute. The territory of the Tang Dynasty was limited to the area of Guanzhong and Hedong, and it did not fully rule the whole country. In the face of this situation, Li Tang's strategic policy was to first consolidate the base areas in Guanzhong and then march into the Guandong region to gradually unify the whole country. Therefore, Li Yuan frequently sent Li Shimin, Li Jiancheng, Li Yuanji and others to march to gradually eliminate the separatist forces in various places.
In April of the third year of Wude (620), the Tang army took advantage of the lack of food and retreated north of the Song King Kong army, and quickly pursued it. In the area of Lüzhou (present-day Huo County, Shanxi) and Jiexiu (present-day Shanxi), after several fierce battles, Song Jingang was defeated. Song Jingang fled to the Turks with Liu Wuzhou, where he was later killed by the Turks. The Tang army completely occupied the Shanxi region, consolidated the Guanzhong base area, and removed the obstacles to advancing into the Guandong.
In July of the third year of Wude (620), Li Shimin was ordered to lead an army out of the pass and attack Wang Shichong.
In March of the fourth year of Wu De (621), he led troops to rescue Luoyang. Li Shimin adopted the strategy of "encircling Zheng and attacking Xia", personally led the elite, rushed to Wujiao, and took advantage of the dangers to ward off the enemy. Dou Jiande was forced by the danger of martial arts and could not advance. After staying in the tun for many months, the army was slack, and finally the soldiers were defeated and captured. Wang Shichong saw that the general trend had gone and surrendered the Tang army. Li Shimin eliminated the two great enemies of Dou and Wang in one fell swoop, and accelerated the process of unifying the Kanto region.
In the first month of the fifth year of Wude (622), Li Shimin invited himself to go to war and defeated Liu Heimin. In March, Li Shimin broke Liu Heimin at the Battle of Huanshui, causing him to flee to the Turks.
In July of the sixth year of Wude (623), Liu Heimin was captured and beheaded after his defeat, and Xu Yuanlang fled and was killed when he heard of his death, and Hebei was re-pacified.
In the seventh year of Wude (624), Gao Kaidao, the leader of the Hebei rebel army, was killed by his general Zhang Jinshu, who surrendered to Tang.
On August 9 of the ninth year of Wude (626), due to the change of Xuanwu Gate, Li Yuan officially took the throne and abdicated as Emperor Taishang. Li Shimin ascended the throne for Emperor Taizong of Tang.
After Li Yuan became emperor Taishang, he still lived in the Taiji Palace, but he no longer had to anticipate state affairs, and in April of the third year of Zhenguan (629), Li Yuan moved out of the Taiji Palace and moved to the Da'an Palace (一作太安公). During his life in Da'an Palace, Li Yuan hardly left Da'an Palace except for some banquets held by Li Shimin.
In the ninth year of Zhenguan (635), Li Yuan died of illness at the age of seventy. Emperor Taiwu, temple number Gaozu, buried in the mausoleum. Later, he was named Emperor Shenyao Daisheng Daguangxiao.
2 - Emperor Taizong of Tang
Emperor Taizong of Tang Li Shimin, whose ancestral home is Chengji, Longxi, is a native of Longxi Didao and a native of Julu County. The second emperor of the Tang Dynasty, politician, strategist, military strategist, calligrapher, poet.
In the ninth year of Wude (626), on June 4, Li Shimin led his eldest Sun Wuji, Wei Chi Jingde, Fang Xuanling, Du Ruhui, Yu Wenshihe, Gao Shilian, Hou Junji, Cheng Yijin, Qin Shubao, Duan Zhixuan, Qu Tutong, Zhang Shigui, and others to kill Li Jiancheng and Li Yuanji at Xuanwumen. At that time, Li Yuan was boating in Haichi, and Li Shimin sent Wei Chigong to Suwei. Then Li Yuan made Li Shimin crown prince on June 8, and all kinds of government affairs were decided by Li Shimin, and on the ninth day of the eighth month of the ninth year of Wude (September 4, 626), Li Yuan passed the throne to Li Shimin, and Li Shimin took the throne in the Xiande Hall of the East Palace and changed the Yuan Zhenguan.
On the seventeenth day of the first month of the first year of Zhenguan (627), Li Yi (also known as Luo Yi), the king of Yan County, occupied Jingzhou and rebelled, and was soon killed by people around him, and sent the first rank to Jingshi to show the public.
On March 15 of the second year of Zhenguan (628), Li Jing was appointed commander-in-chief of the Guannei Province march to defend against the invasion of the Xue Yantuo tribe, and on November 19, a celestial ceremony was held in the southern suburbs of the capital.
On March 15, the fourth year of Zhenguan (630), Zhang Baoxiang, deputy commander of the Datong Province march, captured Jieli Khan alive and presented him to Jingshi Division. From then on, the northwestern states all requested that the emperor be given the honorific title of "Heavenly Khan", so the emperor sent down a seal to make them king.
In the sixth year of Zhenguan (632), he set up officials of Taishi, Taifu, and Taibao. On the fourth day, the establishment of the law began.
On November 3, the seventh year of Zhenguan (633), the new Five Sutras were promulgated.
On the 28th day of the first month of the eighth year of Zhenguan (634), the general Zhang Shigui of Youtunwei attacked the rebellious Fang clan in the eastern and western Wudong and quelled the rebels. In October of winter, Duan Zhixuan, the general of the Right Xiaowei and the Duke of Baoguo, attacked Tuyuhun, broke it, and chased him for more than 800 li. On November 3 and 19, Tuyuhun invaded Liangzhou. On the 21st, Tuyuhun detained our messenger Zhao Dekai. On 3 December, he ordered Li Jing, Shangshuhou Junji of the Military Department, Li Daozong, the King of the Penal Department, and Li Daliang, the governor of Liangzhou, as the commander-in-chief, and each led his army to attack Tuyuhun. On the 17th, Li Shimin followed Emperor Taishang in a military parade in the west of the city.
In the spring and March of the ninth year of Zhenguan (635), Taozhou Qiang rebelled and killed Shi Kong Changxiu. On the sixteenth, amnesty. Each township has one township chief and two auxiliary officials. On the 19th, the governor of Shiozawa Province, Gao Zhisheng, broke through many rebellious Qiang people. On the 28th of April of the leap year, the Grand Governors Li Jing, Hou Junji, Li Daliang, and Li Daozong, the king of Rencheng, broke through Tuyuhun in Niuxindui. On the first of May, he broke through Tuyuhun in Wuhai again, chasing and fighting until Baihai. Deputy Chiefs Xue Wanjun and Xue Wanche broke through Tuyuhun again at Chishui Source and captured 20 famous kings of Tuyuhun. On the sixth day, Emperor Taishang died in Da'an Palace. On the 18th, Li Jing pacified Tuyuhun above the West Sea and captured Murong Fuyun, the king of Tuyuhun. Because his son Murong Shunguang surrendered, he was made the Prince of Xiping Commandery and restored Tuyuhun. On the 21st of July in autumn, the temple was added to six rooms. On October 27, Emperor Gaozu was buried in the Xianling Mausoleum. On November 16, the god of Gaozu was sacrificed to the ancestral temple. On 12 December, Murong Shunguang, the king of Xiping Commandery of Tuyuhun, was killed by his subordinates, and sent his army Shangshuhou Junji to pacify him, still making Murong Shunguang's son Nuo Xiaozhan the king of Heyuan County, so that he could command the Tuyuhun people.
On the fourteenth day of the first month of the spring of the eleventh year of Zhenguan (637), a new decree was issued to the world. Build the Flying Mountain Palace. On the 28th, Fang Xuanling and others presented the revised "Five Rites" and ordered the relevant departments to implement it.
On February 13, the twelfth year of Zhenguan (638), he inspected the pillar and inscribed the inscription to mark merit. On the 15th, he was stationed in Shaanzhou and drove from Xinqiao to Hebei County to worship Xia Yu Temple. On the 17th, he was stationed in Liugudun and inspected the salt pond. On June 23, the Xuanwu Gate left flying horse and right flying horse began to be set up.
In the fourteenth year of Zhenguan (639), Hou Junji conquered the state of Gaochang. In early September, Gaochang's army and the father and son of the soldiers were pardoned for both the death penalty, the crime of exile for one year of mourning, the crime of hard labor for nine months of mourning, and the death of rod for five months and three months of mourning. On the first day of November, a festival is held in the southern suburbs of the capital. On the fifth day of early December, Hou Junji captured King Gaochang and went to the ancestral temple, and Emperor Taizong gave the people a drink for three days.
In April of the seventeenth year of Zhenguan (643), the crown prince Li Chenggan was deposed for treason, and Emperor Taizong of Tang made his ninth son Li Zhi the Prince of Jin crown prince and strictly disciplined the crown prince.
In the first month of the 22nd year of Zhenguan (648), Emperor Taizong of Tang bestowed the twelve articles of the Di Fan he had written to the crown prince Li Zhi and admonished him: "You should take the ancient sage king as a teacher, and like me, you must never imitate it." Because if the law is taken from above, only one of them can be obtained, and if the law is taken from the middle, only the bottom can be obtained. Since I ascended the throne, I have made many mistakes: splendid pearls and jade are endless, palace rooms and terraces have been prosperous, dogs, horses, eagles and falcons are far away, and they travel in all directions to provide for trouble. All of this is the greatest mistake I have made, and don't follow my example. ”
Self-evaluation
I...... In the eighteenth year, he raised a righteous soldier, twenty-four flattened the world, and before thirty he was a great throne, since he was called the three kings, Mo Wuruo, the lord of chaos, so he was responsible and cautious, and he was a corporal of the world... Qin Shi Huang divided the six kingdoms, and the Sui Emperor had the wealth of the four seas, and he was defeated with arrogance, why should I not abstain from evil? Those who can do this are limited to five things: those who have overcome themselves since ancient times have seen the goodness of man, as if they had it. People can do both, and they often abandon their weaknesses and take their strengths. The lord of man often wants to put aside the sage when he enters the virtuous, and wants to push the sage to the sage, respects the sage when he sees it, pity the unscrupulous, and the virtuous get his place. The lord of man is evil and upright, and the evil is slaughtered, and there is no substitute for nothing, and since the deification of Zuo, the righteous man has not tried to depose a person. Since ancient times, China has been noble, and its love is as one, so its seeds are all like parents. These five have become the achievements of today. The Sui Dynasty was separated, the crowd competed, I carried the three-foot sword, and in a few years, it was determined by the martial arts; The Turkic strong liang, the world is more chaotic, now it is my crown, for my subjects, special and different, radiant, is the Xuwen Sect; The Turks are broken, the rulers are prisoners, and the feeling of peace and maintenance is the same as that of the child, which is the way of benevolence and love; Lin Yigong can talk about birds, Silla sacrifices women's music, and compassion for his departure, all of which make him anti-country, and it is Shuodun Benye. The effectiveness of the gong must be rewarded; The punishment of evil crimes shall be according to the penal book. Cutting off one's love and giving up one's disgrace to propagate the way of justice is to honor the faith. If you are not self-conscious, you will not be in vain to understand the teachings of the saints.
On the twenty-sixth day of May of the 23rd year of Zhenguan (July 10, 649), Emperor Taizong died in the Cuiwei Palace Hanfeng Hall on the southern mountain. Emperor Chuwen, temple number Taizong, was buried in Zhaoling.
3 - Emperor Gaozong of Tang
Emperor Gaozong of Tang Li Zhi, character for good, the third emperor of the Tang Dynasty, the ninth son of Emperor Taizong of Tang Li Shimin, his mother was Empress Changsun of the Wen Deshunsheng Empress, and the former crown prince Li Chengqian and the Wei king Li Tai were the same brothers.
On May 26, the twenty-third year of Zhenguan (649), Emperor Taizong of Tang died in Cuiwei Palace on Junnanshan. On June 1, Emperor Gaozong ascended the throne at the age of twenty-two.
On the sixth day of the first month of the first year of Yonghui (650), Emperor Gaozong made his wife Wang Shi empress. On the seventh day, his eldest son Li Zhong the Prince of Chen was appointed as the pastor of Yongzhou. In September, Gao Kan captured the Turkic Che-nose Khan, and Emperor Gaozong placed Shan Yu and Hanhai as the two capitals to protect the palace.
In May of the third year of Yonghui (652), Wu Zetian was worshiped as the second pin Zhaoyi and re-entered the palace.
In the first month of the second year of Yonghui (651), the Western Turk Helu established himself as the khan of Shabao. In July, Sha Baoliu Khan invaded Tingzhou, and Emperor Gaozong of Tang sent Liang Jianfang to lead an army to conquer it.
In the fourth year of Yonghui (653), Fang Weiai, Princess Gaoyang, Princess Baling, Xue Wanche, Chai Lingwu and others rebelled and plotted to support Li Yuanjing, the king of Jingzhou, as emperor, and on February 3, Fang Weiai, Xue Wanche, Chai Lingwu, and others were executed; Li Yuanjing, Baling, and Princess Gaoyang were all given suicides. General Zuo Xiaowei and Duke An Guo were sent to Chenzhou to charge the army; Zhan Shi, the attendant and crown prince, and Gongyuwen Jie of Pyeongchang County were sent to Guizhou to charge the army. King Li Ke, King of Jiangxia, Li Daozong, King of Shu, and others offended Changsun Wuji and Chu Suiliang, either dead or degraded. After this incident, the major threat to Emperor Gaozong's throne was eradicated.
In October of the sixth year of Yonghui (655), Emperor Gaozong no longer considered the opposition of the elder faction, and issued an edict to depose Empress Wang, and in November Wu Zetian was established as empress, and the empress officially changed people.
In the first year of Xianqing (656), Li Zhi ordered the reconstruction of the destroyed Luoyang Qianyuan Hall and Yingtianmen.
In February of the second year of Xianqing ( 657 ) , he moved to Luoyang and promulgated the " Edict of Jiandong Capital " , stating that Luoyang " was " the universe of Zhongzi , paying tribute to all directions , paying wind and rain , and all dynasties to all nations", so he changed Luoyang Palace to the eastern capital , and Luozhou officials were as good as Yongzhou. Since then, the Tang Dynasty has officially implemented the two-Beijing system.
In the third year of Xianqing (658), Chu Suiliang died in Aizhou.
In July of the fourth year of Xianqing (659), Changsun Wuji was forced to commit suicide in Qianzhou (reigning in present-day Pengshui, Sichuan). As soon as the big tree of Changsun Wuji fell, many of the elder figures of the Guanlong Group were affected. From then on, Emperor Gaozong was no longer politically restrained, and everything was his own initiative.
In the fifth year of Xianqing (660), in November, after the Duke of Xing, Su Dingfang, pacified Baekje, he sacrificed 58 people including King Buyeo Yici and Prince Long of Baekje to be captured at the southern gate of Ziwei City, Luoyang, the eastern capital, and released by edict, and Emperor Gaozong of Tang issued an edict to release him, and five years after Xianqing, Emperor Gaozong often became dizzy and affected the handling of government affairs. Wu Zetian took the opportunity to meddle in politics and began to participate in state affairs.
In October of the second year of Lin De (665), Emperor Gaozong of Tang led hundreds of civil and military officials and obedient ceremonial guards, and Empress Wu led his internal and external concubines to set out from the eastern capital to Mount Tai to seal Zen. The carriage stretched for hundreds of miles, accompanied by envoys and chiefs from Turkic, Khotan, Persian, Tianzhu, Wa, Silla, Baekje, Goguryeo and other countries.
In September of the first year of Zongzhang (668), Yi Wei attacked Goryeo, uprooted the city of Pyongyang, and captured his king Gozang and his minister Nanjian. All the territory was surrendered, and Emperor Gaozong of Tang used his land as the Antong Protectorate, divided into forty-two prefectures.
In the first year of the Shangyuan Dynasty (674), the imperial court decreed that the emperor would be the emperor and the empress would be the queen of heaven. At that time, although the Queen of Heaven held real power, she was still in the background.
In the second year of Shangyuan (675), Li Zhi's wind vertigo became more serious, so he consulted with his ministers and prepared to make Empress Wu regent.
In the second year of Yongchun (683), Li Zhi drove to Fengtian Palace, and after Empress Wu was canonized from Mount Tai, she persuaded Li Zhi to seal Zhongyue. Li Zhi was terminated due to illness. Soon, Emperor Gaozong ordered Crown Prince Li Xian to act as the state official, and Pei Yan, Liu Qixian, Guo Zhengyi and others served as Tongping Zhang in the Eastern Palace.
In December of the second year of Yongchun (683), Li Zhi died at the Eastern Capital Zhenguan Hall at the age of fifty-six. The edict was announced: "Seven days are packed in the coffin, and the crown prince is the emperor in front of the coffin." The garden system is to be frugal. If there is an inability to make a decision in the affairs of the military state, please ask the queen of heaven to deal with the decision. "The group of ministers is called the Emperor of the Heavens, and the temple is called Emperor Gaozong.
4 - Emperor Zhongzong of Tang
Emperor Zhongzong of Tang Li Xian, formerly known as Li Zhe, was a native of Chengji, Longxi. The fourth emperor of the Tang Dynasty, the seventh son of Emperor Gaozong of Tang Li Zhi, and the third son of Wu Zetian. He reigned from 3 January 684 to 26 February 684 and 23 February 705 to 3 July 710.
In December of the first year of Hongdao (683), after Emperor Gaozong of Tang died of illness and death, Li Xian succeeded to the throne on Jiazi Day in the same month.
In the first year of the heirs (684), the year was changed to 嗣生. Due to Li Xianyong's weakness and incompetence, that is, after the emperor's throne, Wu Zetian was honored as the empress dowager. Pei Yan was appointed to assist in government, and political affairs depended on Wu Zetian. Li Xian used Wei's relatives to try to form his own group. Li Xian promoted Empress Wei's father Wei Xuanzhen from Puzhou to Yuzhou Assassin, and wanted to be promoted to Shizhong (prime minister), but Pei Yan immediately said no. Li Xian was furious: "I give Wei Xuanzhen with the world, and it is okay, do you still pity a servant?" Pei Yan reported Wu Zetian after hearing this, and Wu Zetian was greatly annoyed by Zhongzong's actions. In February, Li Xian, who had been on the throne for only 55 days, was deposed by Wu Zetian as the Prince of Luling, and afterwards, Emperor Zhongzong's younger brother Li Dan became a puppet emperor, that is, Emperor Ruizong.
Li Xian was placed under house arrest in Junzhou and Fangzhou for fourteen years, accompanied only by his concubine Wei, and the two depended on each other for their lives and tasted the hardships of life. Soon after he was imprisoned, Li Dan ascended the throne, and his mother Wu Zetian ascended the throne of the emperor and became a generation of empresses, and countless children of Li Tangzong were killed.
In the fourth year of Chang'an (704), Wu Zetian lived in Yingxian Palace, and Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong served around, and outsiders were not allowed to enter. The ministers of the central government, headed by Zhang Xiangzhi, Cui Xuanhui, Jinghui, Huan Yanfan, and Yuan Shuji, also saw the opportunity to secretly plot and prepare to get rid of Erzhang and support Emperor Zhongzong.
In the first year of Shenlong (705), 82-year-old Wu Zetian became seriously ill. In the first month, Prime Minister Zhang Xiangzhi, Right Yulin General Li Duozuo, Zuo Weiwei General Xue Sixing and others launched a Shenlong coup, suddenly led more than 500 Yulin troops, rushed into Xuanwu Gate, and killed Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong in Yingxian Palace. On this day, Li Dan, the king of Xiang, also led the Southern Yan forbidden troops to strengthen their guard and cooperate with the operation. Wu Zetian was helpless, and the crown prince shilling oversaw the country, and passed the throne the next day. The next day, Li Xian was restored to the throne as emperor and granted amnesty to the world.
He first added his younger brother Li Danjia as the king of Anguo Xiang, and worshipped the imperial lieutenant and the third product under the Tongzhongshu Menxia; He also added the title of Princess Taiping of Zhenguo to his younger sister Princess Taiping in recognition of their support. Zhang Xiangzhi, Cui Xuanwei and others also added officials to the Jin Dynasty. In February, the name of the restoration of the country was Tang, and the Tang Dynasty was restored.
After Li Xian was restored to the throne, he immediately made Wei empress, and despite the dissuasion of the ministers, he posthumously named Empress Wei's father as king, and let Empress Wei participate in imperial politics, but did not trust Zhang Xiangzhi and other meritorious ministers. He married Empress Wei's daughter Princess Anle to Wu Chongxun, son of Wu Sansi. Seal the official Wan'er as Zhaorong. Teach her to be in charge of orders, responsible for drafting the emperor's edicts, and grasping the power of life and death. Empress Wei had an ambiguous relationship with Wu Sansi, and Empress Wei trusted her sons and daughters' in-laws Wu Sansi very much, and formed a powerful political force to influence the imperial government. Li Xian couldn't do anything about it.
On July 3, 710, Emperor Zhongzong of Tang died at the age of 55. Emperor Daiwa Daisheng Daizhao, temple number Zhongzong, buried in Dingling.
5- (Empress Wu Zetian) said otherwise
6 - Emperor Tang
Tang Shao Emperor Li Chongmao (695–714), a native of Chengji, Longxi. The sixth emperor of the Tang Dynasty and the fourth son of Emperor Zhongzong of Tang, Li Xian.
In the third year of the Holy Calendar (700), he was crowned King of the North Sea. In the first year of Shenlong, he was crowned King Wen. In the fourth year of Jinglong (710), that is, the emperor's throne, his mother Empress Wei was called the Linzhao dynasty, and the year name was Tanglong. His cousin Li Longji the Prince of Linzi staged a coup d'état, killed Wei Hou, abdicated the throne to Li Dan the Prince of Anguo, and restored him as King Wen. In the second year of Jingyun (711), he was renamed Prince Xiang.
In the second year of the Kaiyuan Dynasty (714), he served as the thorn of Fangzhou, and died in office at the age of twenty, with the nickname of Fu, and was buried in Xiyuan, Wugong County.
7 - Tang Ruizong
Tang Ruizong Li Dan, once used the names Li Xulun, Li Lun, Wu Lun. Longxi Chengji people. The fifth emperor of the Tang Dynasty, the eighth son of Emperor Gaozong of Tang Li Zhi, the fourth son of Wu Zetian, and the maternal brother of Emperor Zhongzong of Tang Li Xian.
In the first year of the reign (684), Wu Zetian deposed Emperor Li Xian as the Prince of Luling, renamed Li Dan as emperor, and ruled on all political affairs. In the name of Li Dan, she changed the name of the year to civilization, and canonized the concubine Liu Shi as empress, and her eldest son Li Chengji as the crown prince.
In the first year of Zai Chu (690), Fu Youyi, the attendant Shi Youyi, led 900 people from Guanzhong to the imperial court and asked Wu Zetian to become emperor. Hundreds of officials, clansmen, foreign relatives, Siyi chiefs, and even monks, nuns, and Taoist priests were persuaded to enter. Li Dan was forced by the situation, and also asked his mother to be declared emperor and asked for the surname Wu.
On October 16, 690, Wu Zetian officially proclaimed himself emperor and established Wu Zhou. Li Dan was demoted to the rank of imperial heir, renamed "Lun", given the surname Wu, and called "Wu Lun". Moving to the East Palace, all etiquette was according to the specifications of the crown prince. Crown Prince Li Chengji was demoted to imperial grandson.
At noon in June of the fourth year of Jinglong, Emperor Zhongzong of Tang died. Empress Wei made Li Chongmao the Prince of Wen emperor, changed his name to Tang Long, and became regent of the dynasty as empress dowager. She sent her henchmen to control the Northern and Southern Forbidden Army, as well as the commanders of Shangshu Province, and wantonly enlisted henchmen, preparing to emulate Wu Zetian and usurp the Tang Dynasty. At that time, Li Dan, as the emperor's uncle, was worshipped as a lieutenant, and Princess Taiping became the main obstacle to Empress Wei's accession to the throne. Wei was determined to put the two to death. Li Dan's third son, Li Longji, secretly recruited Haojie in Jingshi and conspired with Princess Taiping to help Kuang Fusheji. The soldier Choi Riyong was originally a member of Webster's party, and secretly reported Webster's conspiracy to Li Longji for fear of disaster.
On June 20 (July 21[29]), Li Longji, with the assistance of Ge Fushun, Li Xianji and other generals of the forbidden army, under the banner of "Curse Wei to restore the society, and establish the prime minister king to Anxia", preemptively launched a mutiny, killed Empress Wei, Princess Anle and their henchmen, and then welcomed Li Dan into the palace to assist the young emperor. Li Dan took Li Chongmao to Anfumen to pacify the people.
At that time, Li Longji was worshipped as prime minister, entered the king of Pingping, and commanded the 10,000 cavalry forbidden army, controlling the inside and outside of the imperial city. Li Chongmao was forced by the situation and asked to give way to his uncle Li Dan. Li Dan tried his best to resign at first, but then listened to the persuasion of Li Longji, Li Chengji and others, and accepted Li Chongmao's abdication. On June 24, Li Dan ascended the throne in the Taiji Hall and ascended the throne as emperor for the second time. He ascended to the Chengtian Gate, announced a general amnesty for the world, changed Yuan Jingyun, and reinstated Li Chongmao as King Wen.
At that time, Li Longji had great merits, and Li Chengji was the eldest son of Concubine, and both were qualified to be made crown princes. Li Dan hesitated for this. Li Chengji took the initiative to resign from the position of crown prince on the grounds that "national security comes first, and national crisis comes first." Liu Youqiu and other coup heroes also supported Li Longji. Li Dan then made Li Longji crown prince.
On Gengzi Day in August of the first year of the first year of the congenital year, Li Dan appeared due to a comet, and Zen was crown prince Li Longji and retired as emperor Taishang, but he still held the power to appoint officials above the third rank and the power to adjudicate major criminal cases. He received pilgrimages from the courtiers at the Taiji Hall every five days, and still called himself Xuan. Emperor Li Longji, on the other hand, could only call himself "Yu".
In June of the fourth year of the Kaiyuan Dynasty, Li Dan died of illness at the Baifu Temple at the age of fifty-five. On the day of July, he posthumously honored Emperor Da Shengzhen ("New Book of Tang" as Da Sheng Zhen Emperor, temple number Ruizong. At noon in October, he was buried in the Qiaoling Mausoleum.
Unfinished...
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