Home = 宀 + 豕. It is the head of the six animals. In the "Compendium of Materia Medica, Beast Department, and Feng", it is said: "The pigs are different in the world: the ears of the pigs are large: the ears of the shengqing, chong, Xu, and Huai are large; the skin of the shengyan and the Ji is thick; the feet of the shengliang and the yong are short; the heads of the liaodong are white; and the mouth of the shengyuzhou is short..."
Liu Di, a handsome woman in the field of animal husbandry science and education, with 33 years of unremitting self-improvement and persistent pursuit of animal husbandry science and technology, has studied hard and worked hard to tackle key problems, bringing out a team of animal husbandry science and technology innovation and service team that is active in the black land and has been well-known in the national animal husbandry industry. In a short period of time to rise, breakthroughs in key areas, and promotion in the animal husbandry industry, Liu Di brought the team to the vast black land in the northeast to do scientific and technological support for the development of the animal husbandry industry, and successively won the first prize of 3 provincial science and technology progress awards, and won the second prize of the 2017 National Science and Technology Progress Award with the project of "Genetic Mechanism of Excellent Germplasm Characteristics of Folk Pigs, Breeding and Industrialization of New Varieties", bringing the team into the Great Hall of the People. She was deeply pleased and stressed that these achievements benefited from the cultivation of the party and the state and condensed the common efforts of everyone.
Raise the flag and shout dare to compete for the lead: the establishment of the Animal Husbandry Research Institute of heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
A history of not being afraid of hardships, daring to fight and create, the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences recorded Liu Di's process of creating an animal husbandry research institute from scratch.
In May 2003, in accordance with the development strategy of "half of the country" of animal husbandry in the province, Liu Di submitted the "Feasibility Report on the Establishment of animal husbandry research institute" to the party group of the academy and was approved. Subsequently, she formulated development principles, planned and painstakingly nurtured the discipline, starting from one person and one table to form a team, and now realized the comprehensive development of talent, discipline and platform construction.
In 2004, when the Heilongjiang Provincial Organization Office officially approved the establishment of the Animal Husbandry Research Institute of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the research team led by Liu Di really filled the gap that there was no animal husbandry discipline in the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences over the years.
Start from scratch, start from nothing, and create conditions without conditions. At the beginning of the establishment of the institute, Liu Di had to borrow office space and experimental places, to seek help everywhere, in order to make the Animal Husbandry Research Institute faster and better on the right track, she made it common for writers to get up early and dark and stay up all night. Lack of talents, she mobilized one by one to introduce, a batch of patient training, the small team of several people to grow into a large team of dozens of highly educated talents, but also established a livestock postdoctoral station, has introduced more than 80 postdoctoral fellows, to make up for the shortage of talents, the establishment of "do not seek only me own, but seek to use for me" talent resource sharing model, strengthen the industry-university-research exchanges and cooperation.
In order to comprehensively develop, Liu Di has not only established 7 research laboratories for pigs, cattle, sheep, poultry, feed, agricultural and animal husbandry circulation and comprehensive laboratories, but also built molecular breeding laboratories and embryo engineering centers including embryos, molecules, cells, microorganisms, chemical analysis and meat quality testing. In addition, she has also built a 10-hectare livestock science and technology innovation base, including a modern cattle test farm, a feed and biological feed pilot workshop, a medium-sized biogas station and a comprehensive utilization workshop, a civil pig test pig farm and a 4-hectare layer chicken broiler innovation base.
Relevant media evaluated her as a "high starting point, high goal, high speed" to make the animal husbandry institute stand out as a "one leg" supported by agricultural science and technology of the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences and a fresh force on the black land. In the 14 years since its establishment, this newly established small institute has undertaken more than 200 national-level and other projects, and has won nearly 20 scientific and technological awards with the first completed unit, including 1 second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award and 3 first prizes of the provincial and ministerial science and technology awards. He has obtained nearly 100 national patents, completed the formulation of more than 100 national, local and enterprise standards, and published nearly 600 papers and treatises. The Institute of Animal Husbandry has also been approved as one national outstanding professional and technical personnel, 3 national modern agricultural industry technology system post scientists, and also won the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Scientific Research Outstanding Talents and Team, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory, Heilongjiang Province Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project one of the 12 key construction systems, the provincial key leading talent team, the provincial engineering technology center and the provincial key laboratory. In response to the needs of "half of the country and the mountains" and fill in the lack of comprehensive development of the agricultural compound, Liu Di dared to be the first to be a marshal, raised the flag and trumpet, and raised agriculture and animal husbandry at the same time to make up for the vacancy for the leader of the agricultural scientific research front in Heilongjiang Province!
After Liu Di won the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award, she took a souvenir in front of the Great Hall of the People.
Painstakingly and painstakingly researched and refined: focusing on innovative research in the field of folk pigs
The folk pig is the world-famous and the only national-level protected pig breed in Northeast China, and was included in the "List of China's Livestock and Poultry Breed Protection" first determined by the former Ministry of Agriculture in the 1990s. It has excellent germplasm characteristics of strong stress resistance, excellent flesh quality and high fertility.
About 300 years ago, the North China pig was brought into the northeast by immigrants to the Kanto region, and then became the "Northeast Folk Pig" (changed to "Folk Pig" in 1982) through long-term folk selection, becoming the main pig breed in Northeast China. Since the 1980s, China has introduced foreign breeds with fast growth rate and high lean meat rate as the main body of the pig industry, the amount of pig breeding has dropped sharply, the number of pigs in the three groups has disappeared, the number of two pigs and poached pigs has decreased sharply, the number of pure breeds is very small, 30 years of maintenance of the state of seed preservation, germplasm resources are in jeopardy, and there is a lack of systematic research and industrialization technology research and development of germplasm characteristics. For a long time, China's local pig breeds have a low lean meat rate and slow growth rate, in addition to the state to the list of pig breeds listed in the protection list to give a very small cost of breeding, scientific research projects and industrial support is insufficient, China's national pig and other local pig resources protection and development is difficult.
To this end, Liu Di led the team to study the functional genes of different breeds of pigs, including folk pigs and wild boars, since the mid-1990s, especially after 2006, in conjunction with the research and development forces of folk pigs in Northeast China, using all application project opportunities to carry out long-term and systematic research and development of pig resources protection and research and development, after more than 20 years of continuous efforts to promote its from breed preservation status to industrial development. In the process of this arduous work, Liu Di led the team to comprehensively use modern biological technology to conduct research and technology integration on the genetic mechanism at the molecular, cell, embryo and population levels for the whole genome sequence, origin and evolution of the pig and the excellent germplasm characteristics such as cold resistance, disease resistance, rough feeding, fertility and good meat quality, and on this basis, according to the characteristics and industrialization needs of the pig, the research and technology integration of the breeding technology and feeding management, feed nutrition, disease prevention and control, hybridization mode and breeding mode of the pig population were carried out. And carried out industrial development and utilization, suitable for people's demand for pork quality with the improvement of living standards, and achieved obvious economic, social and ecological benefits.
Supervised graduate experiments in the lab
——Overcoming difficulties in searching, identifying and purifying, establishing a core group of folk pig research, and contributing to the protection of cherished resources.
It is difficult for qiao women to cook without rice, and there is no folk pig resource to talk about the study of folk pigs. At the beginning of the 20th century, the resources of civil pigs only existed in the national breeding farm - Lanxi Seed Preservation Farm, but considering the needs of seed preservation, the outside world could only obtain limited scientific research materials to support. Based on this situation, Liu Di led and organized a team to continuously go deep into remote villages and remote mountainous areas to search for and buy suspected folk pigs, invited the old predecessors of the people's pig research as consultants, through the physical appearance and molecular identification and screening, purification of the pig population, established the second is also the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences' own pig breeding farm and test station, not only established the Ermin pig herd, but also established the endangered small folk pig - poached pig herd, laying a solid foundation for the research of the civil pig.
Remote areas are extremely inconvenient and economically underdeveloped, and the search work is not easy, but the valuable local pig resources are the driving force for them to persevere. "Transportation, funding and personnel dispatch are all difficulties, and some of the valuable resources seen are lost because there was no cash to pay at that time, and even if a deposit was given, it was not retained in the end." Liu Di's words were full of regret. However, neither the hardship of the collection conditions nor the sigh of missing precious resources hindered Liu Di's team from continuing, they were willing to endure hardships, could bear hardships, constantly overcome difficulties, fought hard battles, and fought for the study of local pig resources in China.
——The systematic exploration and revelation of the genetic mechanism of the characteristics of pig germplasm resources has laid a theoretical foundation for the utilization of valuable resources.
Over the years, Liu Di led the team to apply for a total of 8 national natural science foundations and a number of postdoctoral funds, provincial key funds and other projects for the study of civil pigs, with the goal of pointing directly to the excellent germplasm characteristics of civil pigs, obtaining the whole genome sequence and map of civil pigs for the first time in the world, exploring the origin evolution of civil pigs, and filling the gap in the genome level of civil pigs. Using transcriptomics, proteomics and epigenetics, the cold resistance characteristics of the pigs were systematically studied, and they identified the candidate genes for cold resistance and their enrichment pathways, and proposed the cold resistance mechanism of the pigs for the first time. They also identified and explored the resource characteristics and molecular mechanisms of pig disease resistance, coarse feeding resistance, good meat quality and strong fecundity; identified the composition characteristics of the intestinal flora of the pig's roughage tolerance; identified the genes and SNPs markers of good meat quality on the basis of measuring and comparing the quality of the pork, and developed a series of genetic test kits. In order to expand the germplasm resources of the pigs, Liu Di organized the personnel to further study the artificial insemination and somatic cell cloning and propagation technology and mechanism of the pigs, which improved the efficiency of semen preservation and somatic cell nuclear transplantation in the pigs.
Tests were carried out at the Pig Experimental Base
-- Carry out hybrid utilization and breed breeding of folk pigs.
Folk pigs are valuable pig breeding resources in the world, and generations of researchers have paid their attention to this, they use folk pig resources for hybrid breeding, and cultivate Sanjiang white pigs, Ha white pigs and so on.
Zhang Shumin, a researcher of the Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences jointly researched by Liu Di, on the basis of the research of the predecessors, used the high-quality characteristics of the people's pigs to overcome the problems of small groups and great difficulties, and cultivated a new breed of Songliao black pigs. At the same time, this breed has been studied and popularized by the folk pig protection and utilization team composed of Liu Di, and has also been listed as the leading breed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. In the case of short time and great difficulty, Liu Di's team took the market demand as the goal, conducted a variety of hybrid combination research, and the excellent hybrid combination of black, good flesh quality and good production performance selected from it was recognized by the market and promoted.
——Carry out production technology research and development and supporting facilities, and promote the industrialization of enterprises.
In order to promote the pig from breed preservation and research state to industrialization, Liu Di led the team to conduct systematic research and technical integration on the feeding management, feed nutrition, disease prevention and control and breeding mode of new breeds and hybrid combinations, developed production supporting technology, standardized management system and industrialization information platform, and helped enterprises create a number of famous trademarks such as Yamaguro, Bamin, forest pig, snow pig, sweet grass gang and so on. A number of products have obtained green food certificates, HACCP certification and quality management system certifications, 2 enterprises have won the Golden Pig Award for Welfare Breeding of the World Farm Animal Welfare Association, and forest pigs and Ning'an black pigs have also been identified as geographical indications.
They have obtained 81 intellectual property rights (23 invention patents), published 524 monographs /department (95 SCI papers), supported more than 100 enterprises to produce more than 2 million pigs in three years, and increased sales by more than 1.8 billion yuan and profits of up to 400 million yuan. While achieving good economic, social and ecological benefits, it has promoted the rapid development of the high-quality black pig industry, and the relevant achievements have won the second prize of the 2017 National Science and Technology Progress Award, and the first prize of the Heilongjiang Natural Science and Technology Award for theoretical innovation.
Take a group photo with a team member
In addition, Liu Di also in view of the market demand for wild products, on the basis of systematic research on the genetic characteristics of wild boars, created a set of wild boar domestication, genetic testing, breeding and hybrid utilization, special feed, artificial insemination and other supporting production technologies, established five systems and four models for industrialization to promote, led Heilongjiang and radiated the wild hybrid pig industry in 10 provinces, and the series of achievements won the first prize of Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award in 2013.
Deeply rooted in the local practice: promote the green development of the agricultural and animal husbandry cycle
Liu Di is not satisfied with the protection, research and utilization of local pig resources. Considering that the breeding of high-quality and characteristic local resources is closely related to the ecological environment, in the case of the urgent development of circular agriculture and green agriculture, she led the team to start from the breeding industry of folk pigs and wild hybrid pigs, and took the lead in Heilongjiang Province to carry out the combination of breeding and breeding, agricultural and animal husbandry cycle mode, technology research and development and industrialization promotion in View of the comprehensive utilization of straw and livestock and poultry manure in large agricultural provinces.
Making full use of the advantages of strong resistance of folk pigs and wild boars, they have established a variety of ecological cycle models suitable for their breeding: pig-forest, pig-rice, pig-jade, pig-edible fungi, etc., which promote the comprehensive utilization of resources, reduce black soil pollution, and at the same time drive the research and development and industrialization of cattle, sheep and poultry breeding combination models; they also conduct research and support for the key key technologies required for breeding and breeding and agricultural and animal husbandry cycles, including probiotic production processes and application technologies, straw, straw and livestock and poultry manure mixing, Fermentation technology such as other agricultural wastes, matching technology between planting and breeding scale and production volume, combination of breeding and breeding selection mode, etc.; leading many agricultural cities (counties), enterprises and cooperatives in Heilongjiang to do the combination of breeding and breeding, agricultural and animal husbandry recycling industry development, for its technical services and promotion, to help Yuyuan County do recycling industry, play the recycling card; provide a full set of probiotic production processes to help Yubara, Muling, Xinjiang Beitun and other places to build probiotic strain production plants of different scales, they use technology to help produce and utilize livestock and poultry manure, In 2018 alone, it helped promote the application of more than 500 tons of probiotic strains, more than 4 million tons of bio-organic fertilizer, more than 10 million tons of fermented livestock and poultry manure, straw and fungus bran, etc.; in Harbin City, Wuchang City, Bin County, Baoqing County, Zhaodong City, Fuyu County, Jixian County, Shuangyashan City, Jiamusi City, Huanan County, Dongning City, Gannan County, Tailai County, Shuangcheng District and other counties and cities set up more than 200 tons of animal manure and straw mixed rot demonstration sites, they have supported nearly one million mu of germplasm organic products, which has been well received by cities and counties, enterprises and people, and has also successfully applied to the Key Laboratory of Planting and Breeding Integration of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.
Attaching importance to the carrier of R&D innovation and production, achievements and science popularization, technology and service promotion, Liu Di said that it will continue to promote the improvement of farmers' quality and industrial capabilities. As the chief expert, she presided over 11 counties, participated in the "scientific and technological co-construction of colleges and counties" in more than 30 counties, established nearly 100 animal husbandry scientific research demonstration bases and pig breeding classes of the College of Animal Husbandry of Farmers University. As the main creator, she edited 16 copies of the "Heilongjiang Modern Agricultural Technology Series Popular Science Illustration Series" won the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award (Science Popularization Category); the 10 "Modern Agricultural New Technology Science Popularization Series Animation Films" and its books created by her as the host were broadcast on CCTV, provincial television stations and networks, and were awarded the national excellent popular science videos and the excellent popular science books in Heilongjiang Province.
As a scientific research worker, as a female model in the new era, Liu Di has successively served as a representative of the Seventh National Association for Science and Technology Congress, a representative of the Tenth, Eleventh and Twelfth National Congresses of Women, a representative of the Twelfth Party Congress of Heilongjiang Province, a member of the Agriculture and Forestry Committee of the 13th People's Congress of Heilongjiang Province, and a member of the 11th Committee of the Heilongjiang Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference with her outstanding scientific and technological achievements; Meritorious figures of national animal husbandry and enrichment of the people, advanced workers of national grain production... Behind these medals is her determination to lead a group of scientific researchers to love the black land and remain unchanged over the years.
Expert Profile:
Liu Di is the Secretary of the Party Group of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, a second-level researcher, and a doctoral supervisor. He is also the director of the International Black Soil Alliance of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the vice chairman of the National Pig Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance, the chairman of the Huaxia Local Pig Industry Innovation Strategic Alliance, the chairman of the Technical Committee of the Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Risk Assessment Laboratory (Harbin) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the director of the Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the post scientist of the national pig industry technology system, the national outstanding professional and technical talents, the national outstanding agricultural scientific research talents, and the editorial board of many academic journals.
In the field of science and education in the field of livestock and poultry genetics, breeding and breeding, Liu Di has been working hard for 33 years, and since graduating from college, she has taken animal husbandry as her profession and pigs as her pleasure. In 2002, she was elected by the provincial party committee to serve as the vice president of the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, founded the Animal Husbandry Research Institute of the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences and concurrently served as the director, serving as the leader of the discipline, and was appointed as the secretary of the party group of the academy in early 2015, responsible for party affairs and administrative work. In the front line of scientific research, she led the team to tackle and industrialize the pig industry and the protection and utilization of local pig resources in China, especially the collection, germplasm characteristics, genetic evolution, hybrid breeding, production technology and other aspects of pig resources, which promoted the protection and industrial development of local pig resources such as civil pigs, and promoted the development of breeding and breeding combined with agriculture and animal husbandry recycling industry. He has presided over more than 40 national projects, published more than 460 papers (more than 60 SCI papers), published 18 monographs, 8 popular science works and popular science video textbooks (sets), obtained 38 national patents, completed the formulation of more than 10 local standards, and won more than 20 various scientific and technological awards, including 2 second prizes of the National Science and Technology Progress Award, 6 provincial and ministerial first prizes, etc. He has presided over and participated in the scientific and technological co-construction of more than 30 cities and counties, established more than 100 animal husbandry science and technology demonstration bases, and trained more than 150 doctoral students and postdoctoral students.
Source: Science Chinese May 2019 (Part 1)