At the beginning of the 21st century, ships loaded with shirts, socks, and pants made in China could often be seen docked at the docks, ready to leave for Europe and the United States, relying on the foreign exchange earned by selling shirts, socks and pants, and then importing large aircraft from Europe and the United States.
This is a true portrayal of the "800 million shirts for planes" that year!
At that time, the European people relied on all kinds of cheap textiles, daily necessities, low-end industrial products provided by China to live a luxurious, profligate life, without China's cheap industrial products, their cost of living will increase a lot, it can be said that China with its own hard work, let Europeans and Americans continue to live a good life for decades.
In turn, European and American countries firmly control high-end technology products, and then sell these products to China at high prices, Chinese the hard-earned money is taken away by Europe and the United States.
Why can the story of "800 million shirts for 1 plane" play out?
In fact, as early as 1970, the mainland decided to design a large commercial airliner, according to internationally recognized standards, a transport aircraft with a take-off weight of 100 tons, or a passenger plane with more than 150 seats is a large aircraft, which is the first time that the mainland has launched an impact on a large aircraft!
But we all know the end later, the national strength at that time was not enough to support the research and development of domestic large aircraft, and the Y-10 project, which had soared in the sky, could only be dismounted.
The dismantling of the Y-10 project is disastrous for the mainland aviation industry, the accumulation of technology that the mainland has built up with great difficulty, the talent team has all dissipated, and the dream of building a domestic large aircraft has been shelved indefinitely, and only 800 million shirts can be exchanged for 1 aircraft!
Continental aircraft designer Cheng said from time to time:
The money we bought the plane, some people have calculated, and piled it up with the brand-new 100-yuan highest denomination banknotes, which are higher than the 100 Jin Mao Towers, and have already reached into space.
Such a column is cut off and used in China, you see how much it will bring about the rise of culture, the rise of technology, and the renewal of the industrial industry.
However, the dismount of the Yun 10 project was also helpless, the domestic economic environment at that time could not support the continued research and development of the Yun 10, coupled with the prevailing atmosphere of "building is better than renting, renting is better than buying", can only exit the market sadly, Yun 10 has tried its best, but it was born at the wrong time.
It was not until 2006, when the State Council listed large aircraft as one of the 16 major science and technology projects in the Outline of the National Medium and Long-term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006-2020), that the research and development of domestic large aircraft was once again put on the agenda, which led to the later C919.
Today, the C919 has obtained the airworthiness certificate and completed its first flight, and from the current progress, the day of the official operation of the C919 is getting closer and closer!
C919 has attracted much attention from the Chinese people since the beginning of its development, hoping that it can complete the business that Yun 10 has not completed! It is precisely because its attention is so high that another voice appears on the Internet, some people question that the localization rate of C919 is too low, only 60%.
And the 60% localization rate still has moisture, because the seats, shelves, toilets, carpets, etc. on the aircraft are also counted in the localization rate, the real core technology still needs to be imported, we are equivalent to building an empty shell of an aircraft, domestic large aircraft "not worthy of the name", or will be stuck in the neck of European and American countries!
C919: Only 10% of the domestic production rate must be built!
I actually understand the problem that netizens say that the localization rate of domestic large aircraft is low, because I have come into contact with all kinds of people in my life, and I know that some people especially hope that China will be good, and hope that China can suddenly catch up with Europe and the United States and become the first in the world.
They are also very proud of the emergence of domestic large aircraft, but limited by experience and experience, some people do not understand why domestic large aircraft cannot be completely localized!
In fact, not to mention that only 60% of domestic large aircraft, even if domestic large aircraft just build an empty shell, we have to build it!
Why?
Because no matter from which point of view, China must have its own big plane!
Large aircraft are actually the same as cars, the supply chain is very long, no one company can manufacture all aircraft parts alone, but need thousands of suppliers to provide products, which means that the development of large aircraft projects, can drive the upstream and downstream thousands of factories and enterprises development, which will provide how many jobs, you will know if you think about it!
The U.S. aviation industry accounts for only 5.1% of the country's GDP, which can be said to be a very small economic contribution, but this industry directly provides more than 2 million jobs, and the upstream and downstream industry chains provide tens of millions of jobs.
In other words, if the US aviation industry is removed, tens of millions of people will be directly unemployed, where can you find an aviation industry chain that can make these people employed?
After we have a large domestic aircraft, after the market gains a foothold, we can also add millions of jobs like Boeing.
Large aircraft is also a high-end manufacturing industry, its requirements for new technology is very high, the development of domestic large aircraft, will be able to drive the development of mainland high-end manufacturing and modern industrial system construction, these technical reserves can be used to support the development of other high-tech technology.
The large aircraft industry, which is also a high value-added industry, can provide more high-paying jobs and help China attract more talent.
In the past, we always said that excellent people are reluctant to return to China after going out to study, thinking that they are not patriotic. In fact, this is not the case, there may be some people yearning for a foreign environment, but there are many people who prefer the domestic environment, but the employment in the country is narrow, and the salary is far less than abroad, so they stay abroad.
This is well understood, why do we leave our hometown and go to a big city to work, do we not like the living environment of our hometown? Do we not want to stay in our hometown?
No, because the employment environment in my hometown is not good, and the salary is not high, I can only stay in other places to develop.
Domestic large aircraft is a high-value project, its development can provide many high-income jobs, can absorb more talents to stay in China for development, and provide jobs for high-end talents.
In fact, over the years, with China's economic development, the return of talents is also intensifying, there are many examples around me, 5 or 6 of my college classmates have studied abroad, only 1 person has stayed abroad, and the rest have returned to China to work. This is because China also has a high value-added industry, staying at home to earn no less money than abroad, in that case, why stay abroad?
Of course, from the perspective of settling accounts, China's development of domestic large aircraft is also because China's civil aviation market is not yet saturated, there is still a lot of room for development, if there is no domestic large aircraft, we can only spend money to import.
On April 6, 2023, Airbus signed a large order with the Chinese aviation industry, 150 A320 family aircraft and 10 A350-900 wide-body aircraft, with a total value of about 20 billion US dollars, close to 140 billion yuan at the exchange rate at that time.
According to the current market situation, the market value of Airbus is 96.792 billion euros, about 735.725 billion yuan, and one order in China is close to 1/5 of Airbus' market value.
In the long run, the mainland can afford to buy Airbus just by buying aircraft from Airbus, and all this money has been earned by Airbus, and it has not participated in the domestic economic cycle, which is not cost-effective for the mainland.
Whether it is to drive domestic employment, the development of domestic high-tech technology, the increase of high-paying jobs, or from an economic point of view, the mainland should develop its own domestic large aircraft, so even if the localization is only 10%, we still have to build!
The localization rate is only 60%, is it true that the domestic large aircraft is not worthy of the name?
In fact, even if the localization rate of domestic large aircraft reaches 60%, it has greatly exceeded the design expectations, because we were building with the idea of a localization rate of 10%.
Many people think that the domestic large aircraft is just to build an empty shell, in fact, they do not know that even if it is an empty shell, it is very difficult to build, this point is known by looking at India's domestic aircraft carrier!
India's domestically produced aircraft carrier is called "made in all countries", although it is a domestic aircraft carrier, most of the core technology and equipment come from abroad, and even carrier-based aircraft must be imported from abroad.
Key equipment and technology are imported, India's domestic aircraft carrier is actually only an empty shell, if it is so simple to build an empty shell, India's aircraft carrier will not be difficult to produce for 23 years.
In 2022, India's domestic aircraft carrier has been put into service, but it is not optimistic about the outside world, because it has a jagged trajectory during the sea trial stage, which is abnormal for aircraft carriers, only icebreakers will do this, so Indian aircraft carriers are also known as "big icebreakers".
The reason why India's domestic aircraft carrier has such a situation is that the aircraft carrier design is not up to standard, the imported equipment and instruments are not coordinated with each other, and the quality of each instrument is not well coordinated.
So do you see it, even if it is just an empty shell, if the design is not up to standard, the whole machine cannot be built, and there will be various problems after it is built. So even if C919 just created an empty shell, it is very powerful, otherwise there are so many countries around the world, why haven't other countries created empty shells for large aircraft?
Caroline Covey, vice president of Boeing's Commercial Aircraft Group, said: "If people could assemble the purchased parts and make them fly, there would not be only two large aircraft manufacturers in the world."
Even if it is an empty shell, it is not so easy to make, and the C919 fuselage has to control the skin bump at 0.1 mm, which is thinner than a human hair.
C919 also uses a large number of high-tech, especially new materials, C919 used in the main materials, aluminum alloy accounted for 65%, titanium alloy accounted for 9.3%, ultra-high strength steel accounted for 6.9%, composite materials accounted for 11.5%, in the field of mainland materials have milestone significance.
The key technology of large aircraft is not only the core equipment, but also the design. On the whole, the aerodynamic design, structural design and system design requirements of the C919 aircraft are all put forward by COMAC, which has completely independent intellectual property rights.
Secondly, C919 is a commercial aircraft after all, commercial companies must follow commercial behavior, if you pursue 100% localization can also be, but the price is higher, the performance will be reduced, even if such an aircraft is produced, who will buy it?
If the plane can't be sold, the cost can't be recovered, the can't continue to upgrade and iterate, the more backward the aircraft technology, the more no one buys, and eventually bankruptcy, just like the tragedy of Yun 10.
On the contrary, importing equipment from abroad and producing their own domestic large aircraft, not only can obtain airworthiness certificates faster, but also obtain mature products of foreign companies, which is more conducive to promotion in the market, aircraft sold more, not only can recover costs, but also profitable, profitable money continues to be invested in research and development, technology is slowly breaking through.
Also, the technical barriers of large aircraft are already very high, even a small sensor, have high technical barriers, if we solve the problem of aircraft components at the beginning, it is necessary to invest very high funds to research, the difficulty is not much smaller than domestic large aircraft, and when we research it, it has to be integrated into other people's industrial chain, or simply outdated, belongs to picking up sesame seeds and losing watermelon.
The advantage of giving priority to the development of the whole machine is to use the whole machine to integrate the entire industrial chain, and after the integration, some suppliers may invest in China for the Chinese market, which also invisibly drives the development of China's entire industry.
Therefore, even if the domestic large aircraft is just an empty shell, its significance to China is huge! #Headline Home Time ##c919 #