Located in Oceania, the island of New Guinea, also known as Irian Island. It is the largest island in the Pacific Ocean, with a land area of 785,357 square kilometers. After North America, Greenland (2,166,300 square kilometers) is the second largest island in the world. The island of New Guinea is only a little over 1/3 of Greenland's size compared to Greenland. However, the island of New Guinea is located between the equator and 12 degrees south latitude at low latitudes, so the climate is much more livable than Greenland's polar cold.
The island of New Guinea is about 2,400 kilometers long from east to west and 640 kilometers wide from north to south. Including the coastal affiliated islands, the total area is 818,000 square kilometers. The silhouette of the island of New Guinea resembles a dinosaur lying across the Pacific Ocean. The whole island is mountainous, with the central mountains intertwined, extending from northwest to southeast, forming a continuous central mountain range. Most of the mountainous and plateaus, above 4,000 meters above sea level, are the highest islands in the world. The towering mountains that gather in the west, collectively known as the Snow Mountain Range, the highest peak of which is Chaya Peak (formerly known as Carstens Peak), which is the highest peak in Oceania at 5,030 meters above sea level. Snow-capped all year round, the summit is a wonder in Indonesia located in the equatorial region.
The island of New Guinea has a diverse climate, with a mountainous climate above 1,000 meters. Below 1000 meters, it belongs to the tropical rainforest climate. The island of New Guinea has abundant precipitation, with a general annual rainfall of more than 2500 mm. The total water resources of the island account for 90% of Oceania's total freshwater resources, and the largest river, the Frye River, has a total length of 1,050 kilometers and a basin area of 61,000 square kilometers. Runoff 140.3 billion cubic meters. It is the largest river in Oceania. Six times greater than the runoff (22.7 billion cubic meters) of Australia's largest river, the Murray River. 70% of the island is covered by primeval forest, home to 11,000 species of plants and countless animals. It is one of the regions with the richest biological resources in the world. The indigenous people of New Guinea are brown people, with more than 1,000 languages and ethnic groups, many of whom are still in primitive societies. The total population is between 13 million and more than 20 million. A mysterious place in the world.
The Portuguese discovered the island of New Guinea in 1511, then the Dutch occupied the west of the island of New Guinea after occupying the East Indies, and after Indonesian independence, after a struggle, recovered western Papua New Guinea in 1963. Britain and Germany occupied the eastern part of the island of New Guinea. Germany lost World War I, Australia took the opportunity to seize the German-occupied island of New Guinea, and then Britain handed over the occupation zone to Australia, which gave New Guinea autonomy in 1973, and New Guinea became independent in 1975, forming Papua New Guinea. Papua New Guinea is bounded by 141 degrees east longitude from Indonesia. Among them, Indonesia controls an area of about 320,000 square kilometers, and Papua New Guinea about 460,000 square kilometers.