Some people eat binge but not fat, some people do not eat much but very long meat, in addition to genetics, it may also be a thyroid problem.
Recently, a man in his 30s in Henan said that he always felt hungry for two years, he could eat 10 meals a day, but his weight was lost from 230 pounds to 120 pounds, and he was diagnosed with hyperthyroidism after examination.
The small thyroid gland is related to the whole body. Sometimes even if the body has various symptoms, it is difficult to think that the culprit is the thyroid gland.
Experts interviewed
Jing Danqing, chief physician of the Department of Endocrinology, Fourth Medical Center, PLA General Hospital
Gao Ying, Deputy Chief Physician, Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital
Nail function is abnormal, and weight will change
The thyroid gland is located in the neck, which releases thyroid hormones, regulates metabolism, and affects every organ in the body.
Thyroid hormones, mainly including triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), especially have a unique effect on systemic metabolism and cardiovascular system.
When the body produces too much thyroid hormone, it will cause hyperthyroidism, so that the nerves, circulation, digestion and other systems of excitability increase, hypermetabolism, manifested as eating more weight but losing weight, stool frequency, weight loss, palpitation, hand tremor, heat intolerance, shortness of temper, protrusion, etc.
If the thyroid hormone in the body is not enough, it will cause hypothyroidism, which is manifested by weight gain, listlessness, decreased stool frequency, and slowed heart rate.
If you eat a lot but are not fat or even lose weight, or it is easy to gain weight without eating much, you should pay more attention to see if there is a problem with the thyroid gland.
Loss of thyroid control, typical in different populations
If there is a problem with the thyroid gland, the symptoms can be varied. Different groups, such as the elderly, the youth, and women, are also the most vulnerable or the first to be affected.
1
The elderly, the heart and brain are susceptible
Hyperthyroidism in the elderly, often characterized by cardiovascular and gastrointestinal abnormalities: in addition to weight loss and hyperappetite, it is also prone to diarrhea; Can cause increased blood pressure and rapid heartbeat; It can also be nervous, anxious, insomnia, irritability, hand tremors and sweating.
In older patients with hypothyroidism, severe thyroid hormone reduction can lead to memory loss, unresponsiveness, drowsiness, lack of speech, low mood, and even coma.
2
In women, menstrual changes and anemia
Women with hyperthyroidism may have menstrual cycle changes, especially in pregnant women, where vomiting symptoms during pregnancy are more severe.
About one-third of patients with hypothyroidism have anaemia, which is more common in women. Menstrual disorders and amenorrhea symptoms in women with hypothyroidism are often accompanied by low mood, irritability and depression.
3
In young men, the gastrointestinal tract and muscles are prone to dysregulation
Young male hyperthyroid patients are prone to gastrointestinal tract and muscular system, which can be manifested as increased stool, quadriplegia, and even respiratory muscles in severe cases, causing dyspnea.
Some patients may have "nephritis manifestations" such as edema and proteinuria. Edema in patients with hypothyroidism does not have depressions when pressed with the fingers.
These symptoms lack specificity, can also be seen in other diseases, are easy to overlook, and some patients are even asymptomatic and easy to miss. If the above manifestations occur, the endocrinologist should be seen promptly.
Can hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism be cured?
There are many causes of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, some can be completely cured, and some require lifelong medication.
Which hyperthyroidism can be cured
Hyperthyroidism caused by thyroiditis, it is possible that nail function will return to normal without treatment. Hyperthyroidism caused by excessive iodine intake can generally be cured.
The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is toxic diffuse goiter, which generally requires formal treatment. The total course of treatment averages 1 and a half to 2 years, and the cure rate is 50%~60%, but 40%~50% of patients may relapse.
Iodine intake is strongly associated with stable and recurrent hyperthyroidism. Patients with hyperthyroidism should pay attention to the diet of "three highs and three taboos":
"Three highs" are high calories, high protein, high vitamins, of which high calories need to eat more staple foods, such as rice and noodles, to maintain a healthy weight; High protein should drink more milk, eat more fish, tofu and other high-quality and high-protein foods; High vitamins require adequate intake of B vitamins, vitamin A, vitamin C, etc.
The "three taboos" are to avoid iodized salt, iodine-containing seafood and irritating foods, such as kelp, seaweed, seaweed, sea rice, shrimp skin, etc.
Which hypothyroidism can be controlled
Subacute thyroiditis and hypothyroidism-induced hypothyroidism manifested in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy generally do not require medication or only short-term medication, and can be discontinued after recovery from the primary disease.
Most hypothyroidism cannot be completely cured, but adjusting your diet can help control the condition.
Strengthen nutrition, mainly multivitamins, high protein, and eat more lean meat, fish, protein, and soy products.
Limit high-cholesterol foods, such as egg yolks, cream, tahini, fatty meats, because cholesterol levels tend to exceed in people with hypothyroidism.
Patients with hypothyroidism are prone to anemia and need to consume iron-rich foods, such as lean meat and animal blood. The diet should not be too salty, so as not to aggravate edema.
To maintain the thyroid gland in life, we must first do 4 things:
1. Avoid overwork. Mental exhaustion, overwork, etc. can disrupt the neuroendocrine system, causing the thyroid gland to be attacked by the immune system.
2. Keep the neck away from radiation. Radiation is a definite cause of thyroid cancer, and try to avoid the thyroid gland when taking X-rays.
3. Always check the mirror yourself. See whether the sides of the neck are symmetrical and whether there is swelling; Feel for soft bulges or hard nodules.
4. Check the nail function regularly. Do a nail gong and color ultrasound examination at least once a year. Actively exercise and improve the body's immunity. ▲
Editor of this issue: Zheng Ronghua