#历史开讲 #
Yin Hanwu
There is a thousand-year-old town four kilometers away from Ande Town, Pidu District, Chengdu, where I live, as early as the Tang Dynasty, this was an important fortress where merchants gathered and went far to the Western Regions. This is the town of ______ Tangchang located at the junction of Dujiangyan, Pengzhou and Pidu. According to records: In the first year of Chongning (1102 AD), Tang Chang changed its name to Chongning County according to the year name; In 1958, Chongning County was withdrawn and changed to a town, renamed Tangchang Town, which has a history of about 1,300 years.
Last night a drizzle, the air was exceptionally fresh, early and a few friends from afar strolled in Tangchang Ancient Town, a beautiful and moving picture scroll slowly unfolded, one after another magnificent and colorful cultural landscapes came to the face: Tangchang Town, which was built in the Zhou and Tang Dynasties, a Bai River passed through the town; Flying cornice, brick carved wall, majestic and solemn Confucius Literature Temple; The quaint and quiet Wenchang Palace Lane, the well-preserved Republican-style old mansion; The well-known "One Town and Six Hanlins"... Tangchang Alley is really a thousand-year-old town hidden in high-rise buildings!
The ancient buildings and streets of Tangchang are scattered in the town, and I, the "tour guide" of a foreign country, took my friends to start a pleasant trip from the Temple of Literature on Tangchang West Street. I introduced: The Temple of Literature in Tangchang, the only representative building left in the "Seven Palaces and Eight Temples" in Tangchang Ancient Town, the temple was very famous in ancient times.
Originally built in the Song Dynasty and destroyed in the Yuan Dynasty, in the Ming Dynasty, King Zhu Yueyi, the king of Chongning, rebuilt the main entrance of the Temple of Literature on the site of the Chongning Royal Palace, with a plaque carved with the word 'Holy Domain', and the stone tablet on the right side was carved with the words 'Hundreds of Officials and Civilians Dismounted Here'; After entering the temple gate, this ancient temple looks extremely silent and solemn in the morning fog, like a silhouette floating on floating clouds. The first thing that catches your eye is Panchi and the Moon Palace Bridge over Panchi. The three arch bridges on the pond are called "Moon Palace Bridge", also known as "Moon Arch Bridge", which means "Moon Palace Folding Laurels". In the old days, Xuezheng and Xinke Juzi could only walk when they returned to the countryside to make a pilgrimage to the temple, so it was also called the 'Zhuangyuan Bridge'. There is a pair of stone lions in front and behind each bridge, which is extremely majestic and powerful.
Walk slowly, cross the Moon Palace Bridge, and you will reach the Star Gate. The Star Gate, the front door of the old school palace. The Confucius Temple of Literature set up a star gate, which means that Confucius is the star in the sky. After passing the Xingxing Gate, the front convenience is the golden and brilliant, Dacheng Hall with flying eaves, the top of the Dacheng Hall is a heavy eaves platform, magnificent and spectacular, is a rare ancient architectural model of the Dacheng Hall of the Temple of Literature in China.
We learned that the current Dacheng Hall was built in the seventh year of the Yongzheng Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty (1730), and was restored by Ling Chen Wenxi of Chongning County, and repaired successively by Ling Tian Guangen and Li Chengli of Chongning County during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty. The plaque of the "Ten Thousand Masters' Watch" in the Dacheng Hall was written by the Yongzheng Emperor.
Walking into the Dacheng Hall, take a closer look, and the 'Statue of Confucius, the Most Holy Master of Dacheng', is enshrined, and the statues of the Twelve Philosophers are on both sides. In particular, the "Dacheng Most Holy Master Confucius Shrine" enshrined in the temple is said to be quite famous in the western Sichuan region. Every time the Confucius Festival is held, a large-scale pilgrimage to Confucius will be held, and the scene is very spectacular.
Coming out of the Dacheng Hall, we saw an old lady and a young girl in front of the incense burner wrinkling their foreheads reverently, clasping their hands together, and praying silently. Today is neither the first day of the first year nor the fifteenth day of the first year, how can anyone enter the incense? The three candles of high incense burning in front of the incense burner, the wisps of green smoke, made me suddenly awaken: Oh! The annual college entrance examination is coming again.
Visit the Shuwen and slowly walk to Wenchang Palace Lane, which was built in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty diagonally opposite the Temple of Literature. Enter Wenchang Palace Lane, the entrance of the alley is a hot pot restaurant, and the walls on both sides of the alley show visitors the historical changes, humanities and economic development of Chongning. Walking in the alley, the old walls covered with vegetation and protected by glass partitions, and the old houses of the late Qing Dynasty and early Min, seem to tell the moving stories of its long years.
Tangchang Town has a long history and culture. The earliest history was in 1057 BC when King Wu felled the "Eight Kingdoms of Mu Oath - Ancient Shu State (Duyu Dynasty)", which is the "Taduo" of the ancient Shu period, with a history of more than 3,000 years. For thousands of years, Tang Chongwen has emphasized education and talents. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there was a 'academy' in Tangchang Ancient Town, which gave birth to a large number of ancestors, saints and celebrities. Like Luo Jinwen, Cai Shitian, Cai, Mi Jin, Cai Zengyuan, Xu Zhongrui in the Qing Dynasty, six Hanlin, "one town and six Hanlin" reputation is famous all over the world. Zhu Zhang, a famous thinker of the pre-Qin dynasty, Yan Junping, a philosopher and thinker of the Western Han Dynasty, Luo Yingliu, a famous general in the late Qing Dynasty, Wu Lin on the bus, and Yang Jingzhong, leader of the Sichuan-Western Alliance Association, also emerged. In the Battle of Songhu in 1937, the emerging national hero Xie Guqi, as well as the advocate of agricultural reform known as 'Little Ruijin', Kuang Jixun, and so on.
Deep in the labyrinthine laneway, a cold spring well aroused the interest of friends. Hanquan Well is a unique property of the residence of Yao Pu and Yao Ji during the Ming Jiajing period. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, famous literati Huang Xihuang, Lv Qian, etc. often gathered here, Yao once inscribed the word 'cold spring', this well is a six-sided shape, like this kind of ancient well shuttling through the narrow laneway, and several, like the South Street Plum Blossom Lane, according to legend, it was the Chongning royal palace of the Daming Dynasty to drink water and brew water, also known as the plum blossom royal well, which has been well preserved.
Along the quaint, quiet and deep Wenchang Palace laneway, turn a corner and come to the Selling Fortune Alley next to the Caishen Temple on Xiaonan Street. Selling Bu Alley, according to legend, Luo Junping, a famous thinker and scholar of the Western Han Dynasty, once sold fortune here and got its name.
Walking through Selling Bu Alley, you will reach the mouth of Dachun Alley. Standing here and looking out, to the south are the rows of staggered, lined up in the late Qing and early Minxi Sichuan houses and the southern city wall of the Ming Dynasty. Da Tsubaki Lane is named after a towering large Tsubaki tree in the lane, which was once the residence of Yao Qi, a Ming Jin Shi, and was later destroyed in 1644 by the Jiashen Revolution. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the famous literati Yi Xiangqian of Chongning, and Yang Jingzhong, the leader of the alliance in western Sichuan, lived here. The big tsubaki tree was blown off by a strong wind in the fifth year of the Republic of China, and Yi Xiangqian once left a "Da Tsubaki Tree Song" to commemorate the change of time in Da Tsubaki Alley. In 2013, the Tangchang Town Government raised funds to complete the restoration of infrastructure and ancient buildings in the streets and lanes, restoring the historical face of Dachun Lane.
In the alleys of houses with late Qing and early Min, looking at the wooden gate with door knockers, the blue tile and black brick exterior walls, and the old mansion in the Republican style with well-preserved antique decorations, it is as if you are walking through the architectural history museum. I learned that during the Republic of Tangchang, there were forty or fifty mansions, and these mansions became a beautiful and unique landscape in the history of Tangchang architecture.
Especially located in Qingnian Alley, North Street of Tangchang Town, the Liang family courtyard was built during the Qingxian and Feng dynasties, and it is a courtyard courtyard with one and three patios. The high wall and deep courtyard, the main entrance of the green brick courtyard is carved with a plaque inscribed by Luo Jinwen with the word 'Jilu', which is a relatively complete preservation of the building in the late Qing and early Minming periods. The total area of the Liang family compound is more than 4,000 square meters, a total of 97 houses, the houses are brick and wood structures, wooden doors and windows are inlaid with window flowers, green tile slope roof building, beautiful and generous; six yard dams; five patios; The stacking sculptures, wood carvings, and finches of various shapes in each courtyard are all different, all of which show the luxury and pomp of the rich families in western Sichuan at that time. Located in Tangchang Xizheng Street, Hanlin Courtyard is the only existing Hanlin Courtyard in western Sichuan. The Zhao Mansion, Yang Jingzhong's former residence, and Yi Xiangqian's former residence are all dazzling and dizzying.
Unconsciously, it is already noon, as a famous historical and cultural town of Chengdu, Tangpin Town, in addition to these scenic spots, but also Chongning Park, ancient city walls and other famous monuments, will not be described one by one. Today, although the ancient town of Tangchang has been surrounded by more and more high-rise buildings, the towering ancient trees in many alleys or old mansions are still flourishing and green, and the grand scenery of the past no longer exists, but its prosperous city is still prosperous.
Friends asked me, why do you say many people like to visit the ancient town now? I said: In fact, everyone has their own preferences, as well as their own concept of life and lifestyle. People who like to visit the ancient town, some may like the fireworks of the ancient town to eat, they come for delicious snacks and untried food; Some people like literature and history, like the thick sense and vicissitudes of history, and come with a strong interest in architecture; But some people are in the canyon of the city, living in the trouble of being closed by reinforced concrete for a long time, the work pressure is too great, find a clean place, and enjoy a quiet and soothing life. There are really not many tourists in Wenchang Palace Lane, and friends say that there is a clear and deep feeling here, as if people feel that time here seems to stop.
Tangchang Town is really a thousand-year-old town hidden in high-rise buildings.
(Some pictures come from the Internet, if there is infringement, please contact to delete.)