The Chronicle of The Long Things describes the burning of incense: "Sit on a few days on the day, place one of the large ones on several sides of the Wutai, place the upper stove, put the incense together with the large one, and place the raw and cooked incense; The small one is two, with agarwood, incense cakes, etc.; bottle one. The second furnace should not be used in the fast, and it should not be placed on the painting table and the bottle box should be lined up. It is advisable to use a porcelain stove in summer and a copper stove in winter. "Here we can see people's attention to incense burning utensils and the diversification of categories. Even the best incense is inseparable from the matching utensils. Different incense requires different utensils, and the exquisiteness of the utensils makes many people obsessed with incense, not only obsessed with its taste, but also obsessed with those instruments that are so delicate and exquisite that they are worth collecting.
Utensils are some of the utensils needed to use incense, also known as incense utensils (strictly speaking, the tools used in making incense are called "incense utensils", and the tools used when incense are called "incense utensils").
The following will take you to understand the various utensils from ancient times to the present, and understand the classification and use of incense utensils.
【Incense burner】
The incense burner is an indispensable utensil for incense and an indispensable offering in traditional Chinese folklore, religion and sacrifice activities.
From the pottery stove in the early Warring States period to the copper stove in the Tang and Song dynasties, to the porcelain stove in modern times, until the electric incense burner invented in the twenty-first century, the evolution of incense burners in different eras. It represents the aesthetic and technological level of the people at that time, as well as the use of science.
From the material: mainly including copper, ceramics, bamboo, wood, enamel, ivory, jade, stone, glass, gold, silver, iron, tin, alloy, new materials, etc.
From the functional use: mainly including incense burner, incense burner, incense burner, incense burner, lying incense burner, electronic incense burner and so on.
The following is an introduction to several of the more commonly used incense burners in modern times:
1. Incense burner
Incense burners are mostly lidded, and the lid is mostly upwardly circular, which is conducive to deflating. There are pores on the lid and the furnace wall, which can prevent the overflow of ash, the pores are not easy to do, and the aroma is coiled and looped, so that it can be long-lasting, easy to watch the smoke, and is generally suitable for ordering incense, cone incense, seal incense, etc.
Second, the incense burner
The incense burner does not have a lid, and more incense products that can be burned independently (without charcoal fire) are used, such as: incense sticks, cone incense, incense sticks, etc.
3. Lying incense burner
The shape of the incense burner is generally rectangular, with different shapes, with or without a lid, and is mostly used to smoke horizontally placed incense sticks.
Fourth, print incense burners
Incense burner, also known as "incense burner", is specially used for incense sticks, the furnace mouth is larger, the furnace depth is shallower, the incense ash can be laid below, and the incense print is made with a mold on the top, or with a lid or without a lid. Ordinary incense burners with larger calibers and shallower depths can also be used to make incense sticks.
5. Holding an incense burner in your hand
There are two categories: sessile and sessile:
Stalked incense burners are also known as "long-handled incense burners" and "magpie tail incense burners", which are generally used in religious ceremonies;
Because the sessile incense burner can be held in the hand and caged into the sleeve, it is also "hand stove", "holding stove", "sleeve stove" and so on. It is mostly used to burn incense balls, incense materials, etc., which is convenient to hold in the hand.
6. Smoke the balls
Also known as "incense ball", "bedding incense burner", "incense burner". It is similar to the principle of the dharata used in modern aircraft to maintain the balance of instruments. Smoked balls can not only be placed in the futon and hung on the drapery, but also carried around without worrying about the ash spilled.
7. Smell the incense burner
For incense tasting, most of them are vertical, can be held with one hand, without a lid.
8. Incense burner
Also known as a "smoke cage", it is used for incense, baking or heating.
9. Electric incense burner
There are many types of modern electric incense burners: living room electric incense burners, car-mounted electric incense burners, portable electric incense burners, etc., electric incense burners are suitable for incense sticks, incense materials, incense cakes, incense powder, pressed incense chips, etc. Smell incense and smoke, safe to use, simple to operate, suitable for informal incense life and go out.
【Three things about the stove bottle】
"Incense burner", "incense bottle" and "incense box" are known as "three things of the stove bottle", which is necessary for incense burning, and the incense burner is generally placed in the middle, and the incense bottles and incense boxes are placed on both sides of the incense burner. Incense burners are used to burn incense, incense boxes store incense, and incense bottles hold incense spoons, incense sticks, etc. After investigation, the source of the earliest "three things in the furnace bottle" is the fifty-third time of the well-known famous book "Dream of the Red Chamber": "Here there are more than ten tables of wine above the Jiamu Flower Hall, and there are a few next to each seat, and there are three things on the stove bottle, burning the incense of the imperial lily palace." It can be seen that the combination of a stove, a box and a bottle of incense utensils - "three things of the stove bottle" has become a popular fasting room decoration at that time.
Incense box
Also known as "Xiangsheng", a box dedicated to incense powder and small incense materials, mostly made of wood, lacquerware, ceramics and other materials;
Incense bottles
Also called "incense pot", it is inserted with incense sticks and ashes pressed.
【Others】
1. Incense sticks
The incense stick is an incense stick that burns incense vertically, also known as the "incense cage" (to distinguish it from the small barrel used for incense insertion). The shape is mostly a long and straight cylinder, with a flat top cover on the top, a flat bearing underneath, the outer wall is hollowed out into various patterns, and the cylinder is equipped with a small cannula to facilitate the insertion of incense. Its materials are mostly bamboo, wood or jade, but there are also high-grade ivory products.
2. Incense plate
Incense plates are flat plates for incense burning, mostly made of wood or metal.
3. Incense stick (incense stick mold)
The mold used to make incense, also known as "Xiangtuo" and "Xiangfan", the material of the ancient incense seal is very rich, such as gold and silver, jade, sandalwood, ivory, etc., and its engraving is exquisite; in addition to the seal characters, the shape is widely spread, and there are also auspicious cloud patterns, lotus patterns, Bagua patterns, plum blossom patterns, I Ching symbols and even Sanskrit incense sticks.
Ancient incense sticks "carved incense prints, to be accurate to dawn." In ancient times, incense sticks were used as timekeepers. In the "Xuanzhou Stone Carvings", it is recorded that someone once made a hundred carved incense seals, and a pair of incense seals was divided into one hundred scales, and it was a day and night when it burned out in sequence. The incense powder printed in the shape of a seal burned in one go, and it was a calculated hour from beginning to end.
Sit and watch, feel the incense flickering on and off, the fine smoke plate, "the incense burns out, the sun shadow under the curtain hook".
IV. Incense Sticks (Xiangli)
Incense sticks are the most widely used incense burning utensils, and they are utensils that can place incense sticks and plates of incense. The materials of incense sticks are extremely rich, including porcelain, jade, stone, copper, wood, etc., including rare materials such as rosewood and ivory. The modeling themes of incense inserts are even more varied. The incense sticks are simple to operate and easy to carry, and we can see them in temples, Zen temples or the homes of incense burners.
5. Xiang Yan (ying)
Clay pots with small mouths and large bellies are used to store incense, which can be buried outdoors and other places.
6. Sachets
Sachets are an important part of incense culture and belong to a kind of perfume. Also known as "sachet", "flower sac", "Pei Wei" and so on. There are many kinds of sachet materials and styles, generally embroidered and sewn for textiles, but also made of jade, gold, silver, copper, wood and other materials. Sachets can not only be worn with you, but also can be hung in the car, or even placed in the bed to incense.
【Fire Props】
1. A fragrant spoon
Utensils for taking incense powder and small incense materials.
2. Incense spatula
It is used to stir up incense powder and use when making more incense sticks.
3. Incense sticks
Also known as "incense chopsticks" and "incense daggers", it is used to pinch incense charcoal and take incense.
Fourth, feather sweep
Also known as "incense whisk", it is used to sweep away incense powder or ash that has been stained on incense burners or other utensils.
5. Round gray charge
Used to flatten incense ash, when using incense sticks.
6. Long Gray Charge
I make ash mountain with it.
7. Silver leaf
Also known as "mica sheets", it is used to separate incense materials from charcoal flakes, including silver, pottery, mica materials, etc.
8. Silver leaf clip
Metal clips for picking up thin sheets such as silver leaves and mica are silver and copper.
【Auxiliary Supplies】
1. Incense table
Tables used for various incense activities, similar to tea tables and desks.
Second, incense a few
The table where various incense utensils are placed is placed next to the incense table; it is also used to place or display incense burners.
3. Fragrant kitchen
Box for a variety of incense sticks and supplies.
Fourth, incense charcoal
Used for empty smoke and incense insulation.
5. Incense ash
The incense ash used to assist in making various incense and tasting incense must be of special quality, and it is required that there is no taste.
6. Incense mats
Placed on top of the incense table, you can place a variety of incense utensils.
7. Silver leaf rack
For the purpose of holding silver leaves, it is generally possible to put more than one.
8. Incense towels
Used to wipe ash and powder on all utensils.
Nine, point charcoal rack
Charcoal burning, more convenient and safe.
10. Lighter is used to ignite various incense, ordinary lighters can light incense and plate incense; elbow lighters are used to ignite incense; jet lighters are used to ignite incense charcoal.
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