Pigs, which we have Chinese raised for thousands of years, have been almost extinct in our country, and we now need to import a large number of breeding pigs, and we need to rely on imported pigs to reproduce. Why should pig breeding borrow foreign breeding pigs? Where are our native breeding pigs? Of course, we also have breeding pigs. But helplessly, the quality of foreign breeding pigs is really too good. For example, because of the stronger reproductive ability, our breeding pigs produce about 14 pigs a year, while foreign pigs can produce about 20 pigs, which is 30% more than us.
The responsibility of breeding pigs is to reproduce, and the few more that are born are the advantages of others. If you count by the introduction of thousands, let's think about how much efficiency can be improved. Secondly, not only the number is large, but the quality of foreign breeding pigs is also good. It has the advantages of shorter discharge time, stronger physique, faster growth, high feed utilization and so on.
For farmers, this means money. Your own pork is better and grows faster, which means you can reduce your costs a lot and sell more money. Therefore, this has led to foreign breeding pigs have always been favored by Chinese farmers. As a result, foreign breeding pigs will be called "pig chips", as precious as chips.
Not only breeding pigs, but also our breeding chickens, breeding cattle, breeding ducks, many of them rely on imports. We know that mobile phone chips are something that, because we started late, so many technologies are not as good as foreign countries. But this matter, we are already catching up, I believe that one day will catch up with foreign countries. But the matter of raising pigs should be the good project of our Chinese nation, after all, we are a big agricultural country with a history of thousands of years. Why is it that in the matter of raising pigs, people are also stuck in the neck?
A set of official data from 2016 shows that of the 90 local pig breeds unique to China, 8 breeds have become extinct and 29 breeds are endangered and endangered. For example, the Chenghua pig, this is a famous local pig breed in Sichuan. According to relevant records in Chengdu, in 1985, there were more than 480,000 Pigs in Chenghua, which was the most common pork on the table of Chengdu people. An essential ingredient for classic Sichuan cuisine back to pot meat. However, in the 1990s, foreign breeding pigs began to enter our Chinese market. Because of the advantages we just talked about, they have gradually encroached on the local market. By 2013, there were only more than 100 native Chenghua pigs left, and the native breeding pig that had developed in the Chengdu Plain for more than 2,000 years was on the verge of extinction. The rapid demise of local populations has also received attention from the relevant departments. In order to preserve the population, in 2012, Sichuan Province established the only Chenghua pig original breeding farm in the country, and after nearly 10 years of efforts, it has reached more than 1600 pigs. The Chenghua pig breed has been temporarily saved, but we can only say that we can save a little. This effort still cannot save the strong attack of foreign pigs. At present, the market share of China's local pigs is already very pitiful. From more than 90 percent in the last century, it has dropped to two percent today. Two percent, less is gone. In other words, the pork you eat at present is basically foreign pigs.
The more dependent on foreign breeding pigs, the more local breeds are suppressed. Under this trend, we have introduced more and more foreign breeding pigs. In 2020, about 30,000 breeding pigs will be imported. Because it is quite troublesome to introduce from abroad, all kinds of freight, inspection and quarantine, all kinds of handling fees, etc., and foreigners still have to make money, so a breeding pig is brought back to 30,000 to 50,000 yuan. You know, as soon as we introduce it, it is the scale of thousands of animals. The local breeding pig only needs about 5,000 to 7,000 yuan, and the cost of the two is very different. Native breeding pigs are only one-tenth of foreign breeding pigs. To say that there is still an advantage in the price of local breeding pigs, but our domestic breeding pigs are too few, you know that there are cheap breeding pigs, but you can't buy them.
The times have come to this day, and the possibility of launching a hot war is becoming less and less likely. But this does not mean that there is no war between countries. In fact, wars between countries take place on various fronts. For example, agricultural wars, seed wars. Blindly allowing foreign breeding pigs to dominate the Chinese market is not a problem. The initiative is always not in our own hands, and our hearts are not solid. Therefore, agricultural scientists in our country are also trying to find ways to see how to breed their own breeding pigs, that is, to localize foreign breeding pigs. No matter where you come from, we have to find a way to turn you into a "Chinese piggy pig".
Therefore, many researchers are spending huge amounts of energy on breeding China's native pigs. It is gratifying that in recent years, domestic breeding pigs are also receiving market attention. Although, as we just said, foreign pigs have an advantage. Our Chinese breed of pigs grows slowly. But slow has the advantage of slowness, that is, the meat tastes better. The number of people buying local black pigs in the local market is gradually increasing. Our country's goal is that by 2025, the rate of supply of the core breeds of major livestock breeds in China will reach 70%. This is a goal set by the state, in fact, it is also for our own "seed safety". You need seeds for everything you plant, and it is a very unsafe thing for your seeds to rely on foreign countries. How to fight a battle to turn the seed industry around is a problem facing the country now.
In addition to pigs, in fact, the "seed situation" of many animals is not optimistic.
Chinese likes to eat chicken in addition to pork. Especially for young people now, fried chicken with beer is simply the standard for many people to eat together. The fried chicken we eat is called white feather broiler chicken. This white-feathered broiler is now in the hands of the Americans. The core breeding source of the white-feathered broiler has long been in the hands of two American companies. If you don't grasp the core seed source, you will definitely have to be slaughtered in the market. Therefore, we in China have also begun to work hard to cultivate our own white feather broilers, so that white feather broilers have a "Chinese core". It was not until 2019 that China filled the gap of "no autonomous breeders" in China's white feather broiler industry. Maybe you have eaten fried chicken for many years, I don't know, until the year before, we china has its own "fried chicken breeder". Before half of my life, I ate foreign broiler chickens.
Duck, for example, is also a favorite food of Chinese. Whether it is Beijing roast duck or Nanjing plate duck, the duck is very popular Chinese. But this Beijing roast duck, in fact, is not from Beijing, now we eat The Beijing roast duck, many of them are British Cherry Valley duck. This is interesting, eating a bunch of Beijing roast duck, we don't know that the duck we eat needs to be imported from abroad. To say that this Cherry Valley duck is really bred from our Beijing native duck. Originally, it was brought to Europe by the British. Later, they themselves bred the native ducks in Beijing into ducks with fast growth rates and low fat rates, "Cherry Valley Duck". These ducks now sell 3 billion birds a year worldwide, ranking first in the world. Then, in 1991, the Cherry Valley Duck became a sino-British partnership. He changed his life and returned to China to earn money in his homeland.
"Cherry Valley Duck" grows fast, eats less, is not greasy, and soon becomes the raw material for Beijing roast duck, Nanjing brine duck and plate duck. Only a handful of restaurants in Beijing use purebred Peking Duck, and more than 90% of the others are Cherry Valley Duck. In this key technology, foreigners are "united as one". Purebred Cherry Valley ducks, people will not sell you. Not only is it expensive, but you don't want to use its ducks to breed your own Cherry Valley ducks.
From the "second master brother" to the fried chicken to the roast duck, many of these foods we often eat are foreign species. Moreover, people occupy the vast majority of the market that cannot be shaken. This is definitely not a good thing from the perspective of agricultural security. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the agricultural "chip" to firmly grasp the source of seeds and fight a good battle to turn the seed industry around. We must work hard to tackle key problems and use modern science and technology to implement a new round of livestock and poultry "seed projects." The government has also issued a series of documents to make a series of arrangements for the protection of livestock and poultry germplasm resources in China, which has pointed out the direction for cracking the "stuck neck" problem of germplasm resources.
Now, improving the core species comes from the rate of giving, which is the top priority. It is also a problem for agricultural scientists. We need to work together to tackle key problems. We have only one goal: to firmly hold the agricultural "chip" in the hands of Chinese. On the mobile phone chip, what is the taste of being stuck in the neck, we have experienced. Therefore, now we are working together to develop domestic chips, in order to compete for a breath, but also to get rid of the threat of security. Similarly, this "seed chip" must also overcome difficulties, and we cannot let foreign countries get stuck in our necks. It is said that we do not fight for steamed buns, and we all have to fight over this steamed bun and qi. Agricultural products and scientific and technological strength, we must grasp both hands. Agricultural security is related to the people's ability to eat and wear, which is the biggest thing. The so-called people take food first, this kind of sub-safety, must not be taken lightly!