Although economic globalization has promoted global trade cooperation, it has indirectly intensified industrial competition between different countries, and the semiconductor industry market as one of the core technologies of high-tech is fiercely competitive. In order to restrict the development of the mainland semiconductor industry, the United States promulgated the "Chip Act" to attract TSMC, Samsung and other enterprises to build factories in the United States. But with the passage of time, Samsung and TSMC increasingly realized that going to the United States to build a factory was a "deception" and regretted turning their backs on China!
So why do Samsung and TSMC question that U.S. welfare policies are all cheating? Under the influence of the Chip Act, how did China's semiconductors achieve the status quo of rapid development? What kind of layout will TSMC and Samsung, which feel deceived, carry out in the future?
First, the United States "coercion and inducement" to restrict the development of China's semiconductor industry
Whether it is chip research and development or Internet communications, the United States has been the world's leader. However, in pursuit of the highest economic efficiency, American companies carried out large-scale industrial relocation in the seventies. It has driven the development of manufacturing on the island of Taiwan, South Korea and the Japanese archipelago, while the semiconductor manufacturing industry in the United States has indirectly appeared blank.
In the epidemic environment of the sudden outbreak in 2019, limited by the inconvenience of logistics and shipping and the lack of hydropower resources caused by the drought of Taiwan Island itself, prices rose sharply, resulting in a serious "core shortage tide" worldwide. Countries around the world recognize the importance of building a complete chip industry chain at home, while China benefits from a complete industrial system, which is less affected, and even the overall economic trend is stable and rising.
Not only that, as the world's largest chip demand market, Chinese mainland has a strong demand for chips. The complete domestic industrial chain and low labor and water and electricity prices have become the first choice for major chip foundries to build factories abroad. In order to limit the development of China's semiconductor industry, the United States has implemented both domestic and foreign measures, promulgating the "Chip Act" to restrict TSMC, Samsung and mainland transactions, and use financial subsidies to attract the two to build factories in the United States.
But three years on, TSMC and Samsung have increasingly discovered that the actions of the United States are a scam.
Second, the United States attracted Samsung and TSMC to build factories in the United States scam
In order to help the local semiconductor industry return to construction, the United States plans to allocate 50 billion US dollars in 2020 for financial subsidies for foreign companies to build factories in the United States. TSMC Liu Deyin is optimistic about going to the United States to build a factory, and at present, TSMC's US factory has been completed, and a grand equipment settlement ceremony has been held. The plant will be mainly used for the mass production of 5nm and 3nm process chips, and there are plans to build 2nm and 1nm process chips in the future.
Samsung moved a little slowly, taking out $10 billion to build a factory in the United States, which is still under construction. There are two main reasons why TSMC and Samsung went to the United States to build factories. One is to get financial subsidies from the US government, and the second is that with Huawei's withdrawal from the chip market, Apple and Qualcomm in the United States have become the only most important customers of the two, and they dare not offend.
However, the United States was mired in economic crisis and inflation during the epidemic, and a large number of people in the country lost their jobs, and the promised financial assistance of $50 billion has become a verbal check. The high labor and hydropower resources in the United States will greatly increase the chip manufacturing costs of TSMC and Samsung and reduce their own profits.
Then under the constraints of the US "Chip Act", the mainland semiconductor industry not only did not collapse, but became more and more courageous, and achieved a feat. So how did the mainland achieve it?
Third, restrict the development of the mainland chip industry and the future chip market outlook
Although the import of high-precision chips and EUV lithography machines is restricted, the United States has not made clear restrictions on low-end chips and DUV lithography machines. After losing Chinese mainland big customer, TSMC, Samsung and ASML experienced a sharp decline in economic revenue, thereby using the sale of DUV lithography machines to China to make up for the loss.
China uses DUV lithography machines to produce chips in large quantities, achieving self-sufficiency in low-end chips, causing a backlog of up to 100 million chips in the United States. The mainland is even more outstanding in the field of 5G communication patents, and the local semiconductor industry is thriving. The restrictions imposed by the United States on the mainland have not only not achieved results, but have become a catalyst to promote the development of China's semiconductor industry.
Samsung and TSMC have regretted going to the United States to build a factory, and have put the construction of a factory in the mainland on the agenda again, and TSMC has recently had the intention to restart the Nanjing factory. With the continuous progress of China's semiconductor industry, China will gradually take the initiative in the semiconductor industry competition in the future, thereby breaking the monopoly and going to the world.
epilogue
The United States is afraid of the development of China's semiconductor industry, and uses the "Chip Act" to restrict it, attracting TSMC Samsung to build factories in the United States, but it cannot get financial subsidies to make the two feel deceived, so as to restart Chinese mainland to build factories. In the future, the chip market will develop towards global diversification, and no one can be alone.
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