I. Introduction to Bougainville Island
1. Bougainville Island content
(1) Foreign name: Bougainville Island
(2) Year of discovery: 1768
(3) Country: Papua New Guinea
(4) Island area: about 9318 square kilometers
(5) Climate: Tropical rainforest climate
(6) World island area ranking: the world's 79th largest island
(7) Main language: English
(8) Discoverer: Bougainville (French navigator)
(9) Islands: Solomon Islands
(10) Inhabited ethnic group: Melanesian
2. Map of Bougainville Island
2. The origin of the name of Bougainville Island
The island was first discovered in 1768 by the French navigator Louis Antoine de Bougainville, who later named it after the French navigator.
III. Formation of the island of Bougainville
The island of Bougainville was formed as a result of the movement of the earth's crust, the central and indirect confluence fell into a strait, and the land originally connected to the mainland was separated by the sea and became an island.
Physical geography of Bougainville Island
Bougainville is the largest island in the Solomon Islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean. At 6° south latitude and 155° east longitude, it runs slightly northwest-southeast. It is 120 kilometers long from north to south and 64-96 kilometers wide from east to west, with an area of 9,384 square kilometers. Together with the island of Buka at the northwestern tip of the island.
Bougainville Island is located in the Solomon Sea in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, at the northern tip of the archipelago, in the North Solomon Province of Papua New Guinea. The island is 120 kilometers long, 64-96 kilometers wide, and has an area of 10,049 square kilometers. To the north there are Mount Empole, the highest peaks, Mount Balbi and Mount Bagana, both active volcanoes; To the south there is Mount Crowne Prince, the highest peak is tower-wide, and there are coral reefs along the coast.
It is now a dependency island of Papua New Guinea and is combined with Buka Island to the north and adjacent islets to form the province of Bougainville. The administrative center of Arava is in the eastern part of the island. The territory is volcanic and earthquakes are frequent. The interior is mountainous, with the highest peak being Balbi Peak in the north, 2,745 meters above sea level, and is an active volcano. It is hot and rainy all year round, the coastal plain soil is fertile, and the inland area is densely forested.
V. A brief description of the history of Bougainville Island
The first arrival in 1768 was made for the French navigator Louis Antoine de Bougainville.
In 1898, it became a German dependency and became part of German New Guinea; After World War I, it became a mandate for Australia. During World War II, it was occupied by Japan, and after the war, it was converted into an Australian trusteeship.
In 1975, it belonged to Papua New Guinea, and together with Buka Island and neighboring islets formed the province of Northern Solomon Province, the provincial capital of Arawa.
6. Economic resources of Bougainville Island
Most of the local residents are engaged in agriculture, mainly producing sweet potatoes, bananas, coconuts, cocoa, coffee, etc. The southeast is rich in copper resources (estimated copper ore reserves of about 900 million tons). In recent years, copper mining has grown rapidly and has become the primary export commodity; Other export products include copra, cocoa and so on.
Ethnographic languages of Bougainville Island
Bougainvilleans have the world's smallest alphabet, Rotokas, with only 12 letters representing all 11 of its pronunciations.
Population of Bougainville Island
Including the island of Buca, the population of Bougainville is about 249,400, the main ethnic group is the Melanesian, and about 6,000 expats from Europe.
IX. Bougainville Island Towns
1. Arawa
A town on the east coast of Bougainville Island, Papua New Guinea, capital of North Solomon Province. Located at the mouth of the Beauvo River. There are highways to the southwest to the important copper mine Panguna, and to the north and southeast to the port.
2. Chietta
Kieta is a port town on the eastern coast of Bougainville, Papua New Guinea, adjacent to Arava. Devastated by the Bougainville civil unrest crisis in 1990, with only a small number of residents, the town is an important transportation hub for Bougainville Island, with a marina and an airport.
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