Cairo (Arabic: قـــاهــرة; Cairo), the capital and largest city of Egypt, is also the largest city in Africa and the Arab world. Straddling the Nile, the city is the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of the entire Middle East, located in the northeast of Egypt. Straddling the Nile, it is the political, economic, cultural and commercial center of the entire Middle East.
Cairo consists of the provinces of Cairo, Giza and Qalyub, commonly known as Greater Cairo. The average summer temperature is 34.2°C and the lowest is 20.8°C, and in winter it is 19.9°C and the lowest is 9.7°C.
Cairo is one of the oldest cities in the world. It is also one of the few ancient cities in the world today that has suffered the least damage from war. Moreover, successive dynasties and governments have continuously built and expanded, forming this large city that coexists with ancient and modern times.
Located at the southern tip of the Nile Delta, most of Cairo has a subtropical desert climate. In Cairo, the buildings that can be seen everywhere are mosques and minarets. In Arabic, minarets are called "minars" and refer to places where minarets stand and call people to pray.
Since the 7th century, with the widespread spread of Islam in West Asia and North Africa, mosque architecture has continued to develop, and minarets have evolved into various styles, becoming an indispensable part of mosque architecture and a highlight of Cairo. On November 29, 2019, EgyptAir launched a direct flight from Hangzhou to Cairo. On December 26, 2019, it ranked 97th on the list of the 2019 Global 500 Cities.
Cairo is located in the upper Nile Delta and is the capital of Egypt. Straddling the Nile, Cairo is the political, economic and commercial center of the entire Middle East. It consists of the provinces of Cairo, Giza and Qalyub and is commonly known as Greater Cairo. Greater Cairo is the largest city in Egypt and the Arab world, as well as in Africa. Located in the eastern part of modern Cairo and surrounded by modern business districts, Cairo Islamic City is one of the oldest Islamic cities in the world. Built in the 10th century, Cairo is an important central city in the Islamic world with many famous mosques, madrasahs, markets and fountains. Cairo reached its peak in the 14th century. Cairo's Islamic City is centered on the Kalili Market and expands to the north and south, including famous Islamic monuments such as Al-Azhar Mosque and Saladin Castle.
In 1979, the ancient city of Cairo was inscribed on the World Heritage List by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee as a cultural heritage based on criteria for the selection of cultural heritage.
Straddling the Nile, it is majestic and spectacular, and is the political, economic and commercial center of the entire Middle East. It consists of the provinces of Cairo, Giza and Qalyub, commonly known as Greater Cairo. It is the largest city in Egypt and the Arab world, and one of the oldest cities in the world. The west of Cairo has a large number of European-style buildings built in the early 20th century, and the east of the city is dominated by old Arabic buildings. In Cairo, the building that can be seen everywhere is the minaret. In Arabic, minarets are called "mijinen", referring to the place where minarets stand and call people to pray.
Map of Cairo
Since the 7th century AD, with the widespread spread of Islam in West Asia and Africa, mosque architecture has continued to develop, and minarets have evolved into various styles, becoming an indispensable part of mosque architecture and a major point in Cairo's urban area. There are 3 ancient districts on the periphery of the westernized city center, the largest of which is the city of Fatimid, which contains most of Cairo's historical places, such as the Mosque of Shakbers I and Sardinburg; Between the Old City and the banks of the Nile are three commercial and residential areas: Ismailia, Casannel and Garden City. Casaniel Bridge is a metaphor for Cairo's shop window. Konici Avenue, the main traffic artery, runs parallel to the Nile, flanked by television buildings, churches, municipal buildings and restaurants.
Cairo
In Cairo, the transitional zone between the 19th-century Old City and the banks of the Nile includes the National Library, the Museum of Islamic Art and the Abdudim Palace Museum. There is a large area of mausoleum along the east side of the urban area, known as the City of the Dead. Due to the different periods of formation, its architectural style is very different. The oldest areas have more 2~4 floors of brick and gray wood structure buildings; The area built in the 19th century was influenced by the Western culture at that time, and most of them were richly decorated European-style stone buildings, of which the former Sackakini Palace was the most famous; To the west and north, there are both high-rise residential buildings and high-walled low-rise villas with gardens. To the southwest of the city stands the pyramid and the Sphinx, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World; Chen Yunhe praised "the Pyramid of Khufu is the pride of the people, and the sphinx shows the friendship of the Chinese dragon". In the northeast there is a minaret that marks Heliopolis, where Plato conducted his research; The elegant new Hilton Hotel on the west bank of the Nile attracts attention. About 20 kilometers west from the ruins of Memphis, the pyramid of one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
Cairo University has a long history, scale and well-equipped. About 20 kilometers west of the Memphis ruins is the metro, which is a special addition to Cairo's transportation system compared to other modes of transportation.
In each subway station, there will be murals depicting the civilization of the Egyptian pharaonic era, and the tickets sold at the subway station are magnetic truck tickets, and the price of the ticket itself is only equivalent to 1 yuan, and the specific price depends on the itinerary.
Egyptian Museum
Egyptian Museum in Cairo (3 photos)
Located in Tahrir Square in the heart of Cairo, the Egyptian Museum opened in 1902 and is the world's most famous and largest museum of ancient Egyptian antiquities. The museum houses 250,000 historical artifacts from the time of the ancient Egyptian pharaohs to the sixth century AD, most of which are more than 3,000 years old. The museum is divided into two floors, and the exhibits are displayed in dozens of exhibition rooms in chronological order. Many of the artifacts in the museum, such as the huge stone statue of the pharaoh, royal treasures made of pure gold, a large number of mummies, a 242-pound Tutankhamun mask in pure gold and a coffin, are impressively detailed.
With a collection of more than 100,000 items, it is unparalleled in its introduction to Egyptian culture, especially antiquities from the Pharaonic and Greco-Roman periods. When you enter the gate, most of the stones you see are stone people, sarcophagi, stone monuments, stone pillars, and many names. This is an Egyptian history book and a "stone record".
Cairo Tower
The Tower of Cairo is 187 meters high. Climb this modern building and enjoy the whole city; The endless flow of vehicles on the streets, the vaults of large and small mosques, the tall buildings one after another, the criss-crossing, imposing elevated highways, and the white sails, like a jade-belted river, rippling into the sea, day and night.
Pyramids and Sphinx
About 20 kilometers west from the Memphis ruins, the pyramids, one of the Eight Wonders of the World. On the plains with no grass and yellow sand, the stone mausoleums of these ancient Egyptian emperors are magnificent, showing visitors the majesty of the tomb owner in the past. Egypt found pyramids around 2690 BC, now more than 146 meters high; The base of the tower covers an area of 52,900 square meters, and the body of the tower is made of 2.3 million stones, each weighing an average of 2.5 tons. It is said that the calculation is precise.
pyramid
The second pyramid is the tomb of King Khafre, son of Khufu, built in 2650 BC, 3 meters lower than the former, but the architectural form is more perfect and spectacular, with outbuildings such as temples and the famous Sphinx in front of the tower. The Sphinx, also known as "Sphinx", which means "father of terror" in Arabic, is 73 meters long, more than 21 meters tall, and has a face that is 5 meters wide. Its head is said to have been carved in the image of Pharaoh Khafre. The entire statue, except for the lion's claw, was carved from a single natural rock, and it took 100,000 people 30 years to build. The passage inside the pyramid opens to the outside world, and the passage is intricately designed, with a majestic statue of Jikesi, and its expression is solemn, gazing into the distance. If you come to the Sphinx, don't wait until the evening, as there will be a sound and light show after sunset, which represents a reminder of the long history of ancient Egypt.
Originating in the Ethiopian plateau and flowing through nine countries, including Burundi, Rwanda and Egypt, the Nile is the largest river in Africa and the longest in the world, with navigable waterways of about 3,000 kilometers. The Nile Valley and Delta is the cradle of Egyptian culture and one of the birthplaces of world culture. The Nile is 1,530 kilometers long in Egypt, forming a 3-16 km wide river valley on both sides, and after reaching Cairo, it divides into two tributaries and empties into the Mediterranean Sea. Egypt's water comes almost entirely from the Nile.
The site was originally the burial ground of the descendants of the Fatimid dynasty, and in the 14th century, the ruler of Egypt, Khan Khaliri, ordered the demolition of the cemetery on the grounds that the Fatimid dynasty was an apostate and had no right to build a cemetery, and funded the construction of a li market here. It has become a symbol of Cairo's ancient culture and oriental Islamic colors, attracting tourists from all over the world. There are many cruise ships on the Nile River in Cairo, among which the Pharaonic boat, also known as the Pharaonic boat, is built after the boat of the Pharaonic period, and you can cruise on the river at night, you can visit the beautiful scenery on both sides of the river, and you can watch the famous oriental dance performance on board.
Khan Hariri Market
Located in the heart of Cairo (Old Town), Khan Khaliri Market is made up of thousands of individual shops scattered across dozens of alleys, many dating back to the 14th century AD. The market road is narrow and the streets are crowded with small shops, mainly selling gold and silver jewelry, copper plates, stone carvings, leather goods and other traditional Egyptian handicrafts.