There were not many breast surgeons on this day, but a special patient came.
Xiao Zhang is only 27 years old, a mother after giving birth, she should be happy, but there is an unspeakable secret. What distress? Small breasts are too big!
When I first entered the consultation room, the doctor was also shocked. Xiao Zhang is not fat, and the two calves can even be described as slender. However, she wore an unusually wide blouse, and her breasts even had to be torn.
The doctor looked at Xiao Zhang's slightly sunken shoulders and visibly forward-bent upper body, and understood her symptoms and distress.
Accompanying Xiao Zhang was her husband, who said to the doctor with a little embarrassment, "Make you laugh, my wife is like this after giving birth, oh, now it's a little bit of a walk." When she goes out, someone always stares at her with a different eye, and she can always hear strangers whispering and laughing! I want the doctor to take a closer look at what is going on! ”
The doctor held up the glasses, this girl's situation is very similar to pregnancy with giant breasts, but this disease is very rare in the clinic, and he has seen only a few in the clinic for decades.
"Was it because you were pregnant?" The doctor asked Xiao Zhang, "Before, around puberty, did you feel that your breasts became abnormally enlarged?" ”
Xiao Zhang also nodded embarrassedly, "Since I first entered junior high school, I felt that my breasts seemed to be much larger than those of the female classmates around me. By high school, sometimes I ran for a long time. ”
"Haven't you been diagnosed before?" The doctor asked.
"Well, I've seen it." Xiao Zhang's face blushed, "In the summer after the college entrance examination, my mother took me to the hospital, and the doctor checked it for a long time, but only said that it might be estrogen excess, and did not say anything else." I didn't prescribe medication either, but I was asked to exercise more often. But at that time, although it was big, it was not to this point, I just started to get pregnant, and my breasts felt bigger and bigger, and now it's like this. ”
After listening to Xiao Zhang's description, the doctor replied, "Let's perfect the examination first!" ”
Combined with Xiao Zhang's description and the results of auxiliary examinations, the final diagnosis was giant breasts. Big breasts? Could it be that too large breasts are also a disease?
Breasts that are too large are also a "burden"
As an important secondary sex characteristic, erect and plump breasts have always been regarded as the charm and symbol of mature women. It has three functions: breastfeeding, aesthetics, sexuality. For a healthy woman, one of the three functions must be indispensable.
Unfortunately, however, female breasts can undergo morphological changes due to breastfeeding, pregnancy, and many congenital and pathological factors, such as breast sagging, breast deformity, and giant breasts that we will focus on in this article.
Giant breasts, as the name suggests, is too large breasts. This symptom can even be traced back to ancient and modern China and abroad.
There is a record in the "Taiping Guangji", "When Emperor Wudi of Han, Zhang Kuan accompanied Emperor Wudi to Ganquan to worship, passing through Weishui, and saw a woman bathing in the water, her breasts were surprisingly large, seven feet long. ”
Marco Polo once wrote in his travelogue, "Beyond Madagascar is Zanzibar, an island where women have breasts four times larger than other women." ”
With the development of modern society, people do not know much about giant breasts. The information available is that macrobreast disease occurs mostly in pregnant women and adolescent girls.
It is characterized by rapid growth during puberty or pregnancy, and will not shrink by itself when it grows up, which is a permanent lesion, so clinically it is also called true breast hypertrophy. And such patients are usually enlarged breasts on both sides, and a few are unilateral breast lesions, and the specific pathological manifestation is the simultaneous hyperplasia of breast connective tissue and epithelial tissue.
However, they have normal menstruation, normal other reproductive organs, normal endocrine, and can even have normal fertility. So why are there such strange phenomena in women?
At present, we do not know what the cause of giant breast disease is, and some scientists believe that the patient's breast tissue is overly sensitive to estrogen and causes gland hyperplasia, but it is not widely recognized by the industry.
In addition, it is hereditary, and it has been reported abroad that seven sisters in a family suffer from giant breast disease at the same time.
Don't panic when you see this, not all breast hypertrophy is giant breasts, and there are clear diagnostic criteria clinically.
Normal female breasts are about 250~300 cubic centimeters; Moderate breast hypertrophy is about 400~600 cubic centimeters; When the breast is 600~800 cubic centimeters, it is obviously hypertrophied; Severe hypertrophy at 800~1000 cubic centimeters; And more than 1500 cubic centimeters, we can diagnose it as giant breasts.
If the breast is just larger than this standard and there are no other abnormalities, we call it simple giant breasts. However, patients with excessive breast hypertrophy are accompanied by other breast lesions such as fibroadematosis or giant fibroadenoma, which is called complex macromastosis.
For people with macromammia, although it does not pose much threat to health in itself. However, breasts that are over the abdomen or even flat knees are heavy and drooping, which can cause serious physical discomfort.
Long-term compression of such excess tissue will lead to neck and shoulder pain, and the skin under the breast will be impregnated with sweat for a long time and erosions and ulcers may occur, especially in hot weather, which will increase the patient's chance of dermatitis.
Of course, the psychological damage of giant breast disease to patients is greater, especially for adolescent patients, if it is unilateral hypertrophy, psychological pressure is more obvious.
There is no doubt that giant breast disease will cause the unbearable weight of life in both the physical and psychological aspects of patients. Fortunately, macrobreast disease is very rare clinically, there have been statistics, the number of patients in the country in ten years is not enough, complex giant breast disease can be described as particularly rare.
This situation also makes it more difficult for us to further study the disease. However, in view of the great pressure that macromamma can cause to patients, clinical efforts have been made to explore the continuous improvement and innovation of treatment methods.
The cause is not well understood, so the scope of pharmacotherapy is relatively limited. It is only for patients who develop abnormalities during puberty to give some estrogen antagonists. In more cases, in order to meet the rehabilitation needs of patients, surgery is used clinically.
Heal the disease and heal the heart, how to skillfully cure giant breasts
Of course, breast reduction plastic surgery also has to meet the criteria.
After the surgery, we should try our best to ensure that the patient has good breast prominence, because most of the patients are younger and have higher requirements for breast aesthetic function; Achieve less scarring, which is also to meet the beauty of the breast; In addition, it is to maintain breastfeeding function.
Therefore, in the past 20 years, modern medicine has paid more attention to the aesthetic shape and breastfeeding function of the breast on the basis of the original "one-size-fits-all", which is more suitable for the diversified effect of patient prognosis. It is gratifying that the level of attention to how to shorten the shape and extent of scars is now raised to a considerable extent.
Commonly used surgeries include vertical double pedunculation mammoplasty, transverse double pedunculation mammoplasty without vertical incision, double annular incision mammoplasty, etc.
Failure to control systemic lesions other than the main organs of the body such as the heart, liver, kidneys and the whole body; have coagulation dysfunction; impure motivation for surgery or symptoms of mental function; hypertrophic lumps of uncertain nature in the breast; In addition to pregnant or lactating women, other grandmothers up to the age of seventy and teenage girls can undergo surgery.
At present, there are also clinical standards for postoperative evaluation of breast shrinkage.
Good: both breasts are equal in size, symmetrical position, patients are very satisfied, nipples and the skin around the nipples are sensitive and reflexive;
Middle: the size of both breasts is basically equal, the position is basically symmetrical, the feeling is slightly dull, the reflex is not obvious, and the patient is basically satisfied;
Poor : Significant asymmetry in bilateral breast size, necrosis of one or both nipples, loss of sensation, no reflexes, any of which occurs is poor and the patient is not satisfied.
However, for patients with complex giant breasts, it is still necessary to cure the cause first, and according to the current medical level, such patients are more likely to undergo simple mastectomy.
Fortunately, after the doctor's screening, Xiao Zhang was finally diagnosed with simple giant breasts, and after eliminating all the risk factors, the operation was held as scheduled. After removing 26 pounds of excess tissue, Xiao Zhang finally recovered his health.
Although there are still some scars, for her, it is already very satisfying for her to be able to be like ordinary people, no longer affected by excessive breasts, and there are no complications during the operation.
Write at the end
For adolescent girls, if abnormal breast growth is found, it should be paid great attention to, and breast lumps should be treated in time and correctly.
At present, our medical level can fully achieve the normal size of the patient's breast. In addition, giant breast disease generally does not heal on its own, and is prone to infection, and there is also the possibility of cancerous changes due to hypertrophic breasts.
Therefore, for patients, it is better to eliminate risk factors as soon as possible and perform surgical breast reduction surgery~
bibliography
1. Diagnosis and treatment of simple and complex macromastosis Chinese Journal of General Surgery
2. Comparison of surgical efficacy of giant breast disease Chinese Journal of Modern Surgery
3. A case of macromammasis combined with myasthenia gravis during pregnancy Chinese Clinical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
4. A case of giant breast disease Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
5. Clinical and pathological observation of giant breast disease Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology