Temple of Taihe
In the thirty-fourth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, the Hall of Taihe was rebuilt, and the Kangxi Emperor attached great importance to it, and personally attended the ceremony of Shangliang. Unexpectedly, the girder could not close the mortise and tenon at all, the officials of the Ministry of Works were sweating anxiously, the ministers watching the ceremony whispered, and Kangxi's face became gloomy.
The girder is delayed, which is a big bad luck! I'm afraid someone's head will hit the ground.
At this time, a small official of the seventh rank ran out, and saw him with an axe pinned to his waist, climbing the pillar, rubbing on the roof, and then took out the axe, "Dangdangdang" slammed the beam wood three times, the girder closed, and fell with a bang
Kangxi was overjoyed, and was about to issue a decree to reward this seven-rank petty official, but he didn't expect that he would get off the ground, so he knelt in front of Kangxi with a "poof", and kowtowed: "The emperor forgives sins!" ”
Who is this man?
It turned out to be the second generation of Lei family descendants who were called "style thunder" by later generations - Lei Jinyu!
This Lei family is not simple, their family for eight generations, starting from the development of the old ancestor Lei, has been serving as the imperial architect of the Qing Dynasty! Until the fall of the Qing Dynasty, it fell silent and declined, and it can be said that it coexisted with the Great Qing Dynasty!
And the Lei family can achieve such achievements, not by virtue of any knighthood inheritance, nor by the imperial grace, nor by the iron rice bowl of the banner man, but by relying entirely on their own solid construction skills and construction skills!
The Lei family can be said to be the master of ancient Chinese architecture. The family's contribution to ancient Chinese architecture has three main points:
1. Three-dimensional drawings.
The surviving style thunder drawings include architectural projection drawings, front facades, side facades and other three views, and even three-dimensional drawings such as rotation drawings and contour drawings, and an engineering detail, construction requirements, the size of each structure, etc., are extremely detailed on the drawings.
You see, what three-dimensional perspective, focus painting, is not a Western painting technique alone. It is not in Chinese literati painting, not that we did not invent this technique, but that this technique is only popular among craftsmen.
Second, miniature equal-scale models.
There are 83 pieces of the style thunder "hot sample", that is, the model, that is, the model that is now preserved in the Palace Museum. Miniature equal-scale models, incomparably exquisite, doors and windows, beds, tables and chairs, screen screens, all covered, and all made to scale.
What's more, these models are "modular" production, that is, they are all disassembled, assembled, and reusable. Therefore, the current modular house building is not a novel technology, the ancestors have long used it, and it has been handed down.
3. Construction site progress drawing.
"Style Mine" building activity progress drawing, that is, construction site progress drawing. From site selection, to foundation excavation, from foundation construction, to the underground palace, the ground, the columns, and then to the completion of the roof, as well as the upper beam, the roof, and so on. All construction procedures, from beginning to end, were recorded.
It can be seen from the above that the construction of ancient Chinese buildings does not rely solely on the experience of craftsmen, but is completely systematic construction technology.
In the past 200 years, the Lei family has been in charge of the royal-style house by relying on its unique construction technology, leading and participating in the construction of many buildings such as the imperial court, imperial tomb, Summer Palace, Summer Palace, Chengde Summer Resort and so on in the Qing Dynasty.
Summer palace
Mountain resort
Qing Dongling
The "seven-pin small official" mentioned at the beginning is the second-generation inheritor of this 200-year-old family, Lei Jinyu. In fact, he was not an official at that time.
It is said that at that time, the beam of the Taihe Hall did not fall, and the officials of the Ministry of Works were in a hurry, seeing that the Shangliang Grand Dian was about to be messed up, and the machete of the Kangxi Emperor was about to fall, and the young craftsman Lei Jinyu hurriedly found someone to send a message to the Ministry of Works Shangshu, saying "I can handle it"!
When Shangshu of the Ministry of Works heard the great joy, he didn't care about the dead horse or the dead horse, and hurriedly called the person over, looking at this young craftsman, he wiped his sweat and asked: "Are you sure?" ”
The young Lei Jinyu replied confidently: "Ten to ten!" ”
"Good", Shangshu of the Ministry of Works drank lowly, "Then you go!" ”
Lei Jinyu was about to go to the roof, but he heard Shangshu of the Ministry of Works shouting again, "Wait a while, you have no quality and no grade, and you can't go to the roof." ”
According to the regulations, only the seventh-grade official and above can go to the roof. How can this be done? It's easy to come to someone who can back the pot, no, it can solve the problem, but you can't let him run.
"Come, go find a seventh-grade official robe." Shang Shu of the Ministry of Works went out, found a seventh-grade official robe, and put it on Lei Jinyu.
Lei Jinyu looked at this seventh-grade official robe, crying and laughing, yes, this time there is another charge of impersonating an official. However, anyway, the girder can't be done, and these craftsmen have to die, gritting their teeth, stretching out their heads, shrinking their heads is also a knife, fighting!
Pinning the axe to his waist and tying the hem of his official robe, Lei Jinyu ran to the main hall, climbed the pillar, and climbed up.
Coming to the place where the big beam and mortise meet, seeing the two righteous seventh-grade officials with bitter faces and sweaty heads, Lei Jinyu smiled and said, "Two adults rest, I'll come." ”
The two officials hurriedly gave way to the place, squatted to the side, and looked at Lei Jinyu with their eyes blank.
I saw Lei Jinyu step forward to take a look, and then took out the axe behind his waist, dangdang, knocked three times, just now still awkward, the beam, immediately closed the mortise and tenon and fell with a bang.
"Good!" The emperors and ministers watching below all applauded!
Lei Jinyu got off the roof, immediately trotted to the Kangxi Emperor, knelt down with a "poof", and kowtowed: "Please the emperor atone." ”
When the Kangxi Emperor saw it, he wondered in his heart, I haven't rewarded you yet, but you have invited you to sin first, so he asked: "What is your sin?" ”
Lei Jinyu revealed his identity and the matter of impersonating an official.
The Kangxi Emperor listened, glanced at Shangshu of the Ministry of Work, and Shangshu of the Ministry of Works immediately knelt down to plead guilty, and exonerated Lei Jinyu: "This Lei Jinyu is a talented construction talent, and I beg the emperor for forgiveness, it is all the idea of the slave, if you want to punish, punish the slave." ”
He felt the pulse of the Kangxi Emperor, that is, as long as he could solve the problem, Kangxi would be tolerant and generous, make a little mistake, and not care.
Sure enough, Kangxi smiled, "Since he is a great talent and has made meritorious achievements, he must be rewarded, and he is in a hurry to follow the power, which is not a crime!" ”
Then, he made Lei Jinyu the head of the style room and enjoyed the treatment of a seventh-grade official.
The prosperity of the Lei family began with Lei Jinyu.
When the eight-nation coalition army entered Beijing, the imperial court was in chaos, Cixi ran away with the emperor, and the invaders were ruining the capital.
When the Lei family saw it, they were anxious in their hearts, those construction drawings, as well as hot samples and models, are the essence of the efforts of ancient Chinese builders, but they can't let the foreign devils be destroyed, let alone steal them!
So the family risked guns and chaos, ran to the palace, transported these drawings and models, and hid them in a secret place.
Later, in 1930, after the situation stabilized slightly, the descendants of the Lei family sold more than 20,000 drawings and models in their collection to the Peiping Library because they had no livelihood. This is the "historical treasure" of ancient Chinese architecture that we see today.
#History#