Text/Zhang Tianke
In March, spring is a good time to go out and play. Early in the morning of March 19th, take the bus to go out with a day trip organized by YouLife.
The first stop is Xingping Mahengyi. It is said that this horse post station from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty was a place for people from the imperial court to transmit court documents and military information, or for officials to eat and lodge and change horses on the way. Undertaking various political, economic, cultural, military and other information transmission tasks, it is the first post station from Chang'an to Shudi and Chang'an to Tubo, and is an important post station on the ancient Silk Road, Tang Tomb Ancient Road and Qinshu Ancient Road.
At half past nine, I came to the scenic spot of Ma Songyi. I saw that the gate of the military station of Ma Songyi was constructed of green bricks and gray tiles, and there were bronze sculptures of ancient soldiers and generals on the heels and top of the city towers, and the colorful flags on the city wall were flying, the air was delicious, and the vision was wide. Standing above, you can overlook the Ma Peng Po Station, the streets, the stone steps, the garden and the grass and trees inside; Look up at the clear blue sky.
Ma Songyi is also Ma Songpo, which is particularly famous for the famous Anshi Rebellion, the change of Ma Songpo, and Yang Guifei's stone sculpture. Now Ma Songyi is a farmhouse station built in the 80s and 90s relying on the tomb of Yang Guifei and the Huangshan Palace as the background, mainly for tourism.
Standing at the top of the slope and looking at the distance, I saw that the yellow earth around it surrounded this post station, where the terrain was crisscrossed by ravines, and the post station was built along the high slope and deep ravine. From a distance, you can see the banner hunting on the antique city wall, the green brick and gray tile buildings are antique and magnificent, as well as the tall Ferris wheel and the long dragon-like roller coaster.
We entered the city gate, went down the slope, followed the crowd to the left and entered a walkway, and saw a tall city tower, with strings of ribbon hydrangeas hanging in the upper corridor, many red and green ribbons hanging diagonally from the city tower, one end hung on the pillars, the other end hung on the stakes on the ground, and the plaque in the middle of the city tower had the word "embroidered tower" on it. There is a hydrangea tossing show at certain times, but unfortunately we did not catch the time at that time. On the open field in front of the embroidery building, the branches of several large trees are also hung with colorful ribbon hydrangeas, adding to the joyful and festive atmosphere. The ground and roads here are covered with large and small millstones and millstones, and the walls are also embedded with millstones, which is very rustic. Directly opposite the embroidery building is the ring, with a large "ring" engraved in the center of the screen, and various weapons such as knives, guns and halberds on the weapon racks on both sides, just like the scene of a contest.
Continuing on, we can see a flyover across a deep ditch, and we walk onto the overpass. From the side of the railing, below is a bustling street market, lined with wine shops and tea houses, and red lanterns hanging in front of the shops.
Walking across the overpass, you can see several handicraft shops. When we walked in, the traditional handicrafts on the shelves included all kinds of sachet hanging strings, tiger head shoes, clay sculptures, Chinese knots, shadow paintings, etc.
We continue down the stairs and come to the snack street. It turns out that there are three ditches in this horse ditch, namely East Ditch, Middle Ditch and West Ditch, and a snack street is located in Donggou. Almost all the snacks in the Guanzhong area are gathered here, in addition to the common cold skin, pot helmet, tofu flower, meat dumpling, cheek noodles, mutton puff buns, as well as churned dough, seared noodles, mash dumplings, noodle cakes, Yuntuan buns and so on.
After that, we walked up the stairs, returned to the flyover, and then passed the embroidery building and came to the folk culture restaurant. What we are shown here is the wedding customs of the people of the Guanzhong region. It is a traditional wedding scene, and in front of the cave with big red happy characters, several people play various musical instruments, there are palanquin carriages, sacrificial sacrifices, gorgeous and colorful cloths and gifts, large pots and earthen stoves, and so on.
Exit the folk museum and descend the slope. In the distance, I saw a city gate with a fluttering banner on it, and sculptures of guards dressed in armor standing majestically on both sides of the gate and on the gate tower. The plaque on the city gate reads "Ma Songyi", and a couplet on both sides, which reads: "The Tang general mutinied with tiger guts, and Emperor Xuanzong cut his love insincerely." ”
It turned out that we walked all the way to the front door from the back. The gatehouse is directly opposite the middle ditch, which is mainly a folk workshop, what oil mill, vinegar workshop, yogurt workshop, the goods are genuine. Further west, passing through a large food court, you will see an ancient theater. Several folk artists on the stage played and sang, and one of them roared Qin cavity with a thick voice. With the music of this opera, I passed the stage and continued west, and I reached Xigou. Xigou mainly displays folk culture, including cave houses, museums, clay sculpture exhibition halls, shadow puppet plays, etc., all of which have strong regional traditional characteristics. We visited the clay sculpture pavilion, where the ancient and modern folk customs of the region are displayed through clay figures.
What we want most when we come here is to see Yang Yuhuan's tomb. So we walked west up the ramp paved with millstones to see the "Fragrant Jade Death" at the heights. Oh, see, the so-called "Xiangxiang Death Jade Death" is a group of group sculptures based on the narrative content plot restoration simulation of "Long Hate Song". These clay sculptures tell the story of the famous Ma Songyi mutiny that took place in the Tang Dynasty. When Emperor Xuanzong of Tang heard that An Lushan rebels had broken through Tongguan and approached Chang'an, he fled in a hurry, and when passing through Ma Songyi, the soldiers mutinied, killed Prime Minister Yang Guozhong, and forced Tang Xuanzong to hang Yang Guifei. "The cicada sideburns do not drive with Luan, and there is still a sense of emptiness", the beauty has since disappeared, and the right and wrong are left to the world to comment. The artists used yellow clay as a material to pinch out the city walls, halls, soldiers with weapons and various people. The characters' faces are vividly portrayed and their demeanors are lifelike. You see that, the soldier stabbed Yang Guozhong to death, and the noble concubine hanging on the pear tree, the storyline is vividly expressed, which is really amazing.
Judging from the facial expressions of the people in this group of statues, the most sad and indignant person is "born beautiful and difficult to abandon, and once chose the side of the king." "Looking back and smiling, the sixth house pink has no color." And in the end, Yang Yuhuan, the infatuated daughter Yang Yuhuan who "in the dirt under the slope of Ma Wei, there is no place for Yuyan to die"! Dedicate your youth and life! Undoubtedly, Yang Yuhuan is the one who is the most praised by the former sages of ancient and modern times, and the later foolish generation is sighing.
In the ruins of the Ma Wei Residence, the original old caves and old houses are still preserved. Weaving mills, old farm tools, furniture and other exhibition halls are opened in the old houses. In the old cave, through the eye-catching words and vivid clay sculptures, I learned about Shaanxi folk customs such as "The Origin of Ma Wei", "The Historical Celebrities of Ma Wei", "The Eight Monsters of Guanzhong and Guanzhong Marriage Customs".
Here, the characteristic buildings of Guanzhong are built according to the mountain, staggered, simple and elegant; Four ancient residential streets, including Folk Workshop Street, Folk Snack Street, Folk Culture Display Street, and Datang Culture Street, are distributed in naturally formed ravines; Landscapes such as landscape waterfalls, sculptures, pavilions, and stone carvings are scattered among them, hidden among the green trees and flowers.
Big red lanterns hang high, black wine altars, golden corn cobs, fiery red Chinese knots, and clusters of red peppers dotted on the high slopes of the loess, gray houses, workshops, and green trees.
Before I knew it, it was 11 p.m. I'm tired, but I'm still happy. According to the time plan, we turned back to Qishan, stopped at the folk village for lunch, took a break, and rushed to the second stop - Fengxiang East Lake.
Arriving at our destination at less than two o'clock, it was raining lightly, and we entered the park from the south gate, and suddenly felt a fresh air rushing towards us, which was refreshing and cool. The green meadows and green trees on the side of the road are so full of life.
On the shore of the lake are rows of willow trees, with hanging branches, gently fluttering in the breeze, like the beautiful maiden's long hair and braids hanging down. The slender willow branches and graceful colors are also a beautiful landscape of East Lake.
We walked along the stone paved road, walked over a tall stone arch bridge, and looked around, the surface of the East Lake was like a mirror, reflecting the blue sky and white clouds, and the semi-circular bridge hole and the reflection in the water were connected together, like a big moon. The water of the lake is so green, green as if it had been dyed with green dye; The lake is so calm, calm as a mirror; The lake is so clear that you can see the reflection of the surrounding scenery, with green trees, red flowers, and pavilions. When the spring flowers are blooming, the fragrance of the garden is everywhere, making people calm in this beautiful scenery.
The spring breeze blows, the drizzle is cloudy, and the microwave is sparkling. Looking down, I saw that there were many koi swimming freely in the lake, and groups of three and five were slowly "walking", how leisurely and at ease! Some frolic and play, how merry! As long as tourists spill fish on the surface, the fish rush to grab the fish, and the lake suddenly becomes lively.
Continue down, and down is the Su Gong Temple, Xiyu Pavilion and Panoramic Pavilion worth visiting. Climb the high observation pavilion and enjoy a panoramic view of the entire East Lake, which makes people dizzying and imaginative. Walking into the folk art fair in East Lake made me feast my eyes, and all kinds of folk art works are like stars, especially clay sculptures, which have amazed countless tourists. Walking into the forest of steles is like entering the garden and treasure house of calligraphy art. The calligraphy works of Su Shi, a great calligrapher of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the literati Yong Song Su Gong and Donghu, are all praised and applauded, and all of them make tourists flock and linger.
Donghu Park also has many unforgettable attractions, such as the spectacular Lingxian Vista, Shore Willow Flying Snow, Stone Cocktail Tugan, Canglang Waterfall, Broken Bridge Narrative, Peony Competition, White Goose Splashing, etc., you must visit when you have time.
The last stop of the tour of the day is Fengxiang, a West Mansion built in the late Ming Dynasty and has a history of more than 300 years - Zhou Family Courtyard, is a Ming and Qing dynasty style old mansion, sitting north facing south, there are three connected courtyards, brick and wood structure, is a typical residential ancient building in the north, according to legend, as early as the Xifu folk there were "Fengxiang Zhou Deng family, Qishan Guo Song family", "Zhou Deng Guo Song" is the four famous families in Fengxiang Qishan and Qishan in those years.
The Zhou family courtyard is located in Tongwen Lane, Chengguan Town, Fengxiang County, and is the residence of a merchant family surnamed in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. The overall exhibition of the compound building is divided into "two sections, one hall". Fucheng People's House (Middle Courtyard) and Tongqu Shijing (East Courtyard) are two sections, reflecting the secular life and city style of citizens; The "Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibition Hall" is a hall that displays folk intangible cultural works in the Xifu area.
The entrance gate is on the right side of the compound, and the "Fucheng People's House" section is greeted by the courtyard structure, with the master's bedroom, wedding room, and clothing on the right, and the study, boudoir, and private school on the left. The arrangement of the marriage room shows that the Zhou family attaches importance to marriage, chooses a spouse and values morality, and is good at creating a happy life; The "boudoir" is the place where women lived in the old days, and it is possible that the women of the Zhou family studied here, learned female workers, and practiced etiquette; "Private school" belongs to the old "private school", which was established by large families, and it can also be imagined that the Zhou family attaches great importance to the education of their children. Further back, there are carriages, orchestras, fat dogs, stone mills, etc. Then, at the back of the "Tongqu Shijing" section, there is a tofu room, neatly arranged tofu blocks on the board, next to the tofu room is a stable, and the horseman is carefully nailing the horse.
Walking back, through the passage, into the "Tongqu City Well", also in the structure of a quadrangle, with a flat dance in the north, and 10 workshops such as blacksmith shops, flower gun shops, wine shops, weaving workshops, oil mills, paper mills, medical halls, medicine shops, pawnshops and grocery stores, although the area is not large, but it can be seen that the rich life of the Zhou family is rich in food and clothing, and also reflects the handicraft industries, commercial circulation and other production activities at that time. To the south of the "Tongqu City Well" is the "Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibition Hall", which displays Fengxiang intangible cultural works, displaying Fengxiang clay sculptures, woodblock prints, straw embroidery, face shadow puppets, etc., these traditional arts are the wisdom crystallization of the laborers of Xifu.
According to historical records, the Zhou family had strong capital and made a fortune in business medicinal materials. In this ancient mansion, which is only one-tenth of the remaining, it is enough to show the life of the rich side of the Zhou family in the past and the good family style and family discipline. The Zhou family courtyard seen at the scene has exquisite architectural craftsmanship, exquisite brick carving, interesting shape, and unique style, especially all kinds of flowers, birds and beasts, character stories, words, etc. are beautifully carved, which can be called a must. It not only reflects the cultural atmosphere of the Zhou family's cultivation and inheritance, but also reminds people of the production labor and social life of the people of Xifu in those years.
The Zhou Family Courtyard is one of the few houses in our province that has been built for a long time and is relatively well preserved, and can be called a model of Guanzhong folk housing. This precious ancient building is a traditional culture that is left for future generations to visit and worth studying.
In this way, a happy and happy day of spring outing is over, pleasing to the eye and full of happiness. In this bright and beautiful spring time, let us go outside, get close to nature, feel life, and welcome a new day with a positive and sunny state of mind!
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