#头条创作挑战赛 #
Pneumonia is the most common disease in children, especially in infants under 3 years of age, and is also one of the main causes of infant death. During the influenza epidemic, it is also a period of high incidence of pneumonia in infants and young children. In recent days, flu A has been raging, and many pediatric outpatient clinics have exceeded 1,000 people for several days, and the hospitalization volume is also full, and the extra beds are overloaded every day. Based on this, this issue of Xiaofusen takes you to understand the reasons why children are prone to pneumonia, the symptoms of pneumonia, and the treatment drug selection of children's pneumonia.
1. Why are children more susceptible to pneumonia?
1
Internal
The development of the respiratory system of infants and young children is not perfect enough, the trachea and bronchial lumens are narrowed, the mucus secretion is small, the cilia on the inner wall of the bronchi are poor, the development of lung elastic tissue is not good enough, and the blood vessels in the lungs are very rich and easy to congeste. The interstitium in the lungs is vigorously developed, the number of alveoli responsible for internal and external gas exchange is small, the lungs contain less air, and it is easy to be blocked by secreted mucus.
(Figure |.) Baotu.com)
In addition, the development of immune function in this age group is not perfect, the defense function against many pathogens has not been fully established, and the ability to limit pathogens is poor, and the lesions are easy to disperse, fuse and quickly extend to the two lungs. In addition, children are particularly susceptible to colds, flu and other infectious diseases, as well as malnutrition, rickets, anemia, etc., and are prone to pneumonia.
2
external cause
(Figure |.) Baotu.com)
There are many pathogenic microorganisms that cause pneumonia, and most pneumonias are caused by bacteria and viruses. Bacterial pneumonia pathogens include pneumococcus, staphylococcus, streptococcus, pneumonia bacillus, influenza bacillus, pathogenic Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc.; The pathogens of viral pneumonia include adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, cytomegalovirus, measles virus, etc.; Mycoplasma pneumonia is caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Others, such as fungal pneumonia, aspiration pneumonia are also clinically common.
Second, the symptoms of pneumonia in children
(Figure |.) Baotu.com)
The clinical presentation of pneumonia varies from child to pediatric, but the most basic symptoms are fever, cough, wheezing, and blue perioral and lips. The symptoms of the disease are very similar to those of a cold, gradually appearing an increase in body temperature, an aggravation of cough, and difficulty breathing.
Especially when the body temperature is not high, the number of breaths exceeds 40 times per minute, the sides of the nose flap, the two supraclavic fossa of the chest, the upper and lower sternal fossa and the depression during intercostal inhalation (called tridental sign), should be particularly vigilant.
If the child has irritability, blue lips and around the mouth, it means that the child has pneumonia and should go to the hospital in time. Children with severe disease will have vomiting, diarrhea, bloating, and abdominal pain; heart failure involving the heart; High fever does not subside, and neurological symptoms such as convulsions appear. In particular, viral pneumonia during influenza combined with bacterial pneumonia will further aggravate the disease.
Third, the drug selection of pediatric pneumonia
▍Clinical observation of double jaundice oral liquid in the treatment of mild pneumonia in children
☉ Case data:
A total of 106 cases of pediatric mild pneumonia were randomly divided into two groups. The minimum age was 3 months, the maximum was 8 years, including 18 cases under 1 year old and 38 cases under 3 years old in the treatment group; There were 16 cases under 1 year of age and 32 cases under 3 years of age in the control group, and the situation was similar in both groups, and infants accounted for the majority.
☉ Treatment:
The treatment group (54 groups) used double jaundice oral liquid, the dosage was 1/3 each time under 6 months, 1/2 each time under 6 months old, 3 times a day, and the total course of treatment was 1~2 weeks.
The control group (52 groups) was treated with antibiotics, generally penicillin, and also in combination.
☉ Treatment data:
☉ Treatment Results:
This study showed that after the use of double jaundice oral liquid for the treatment of mild pneumonia in children, there was no significant difference in the time of defervescence and rales disappearance compared with antibiotics alone, indicating that the efficacy of double jaundice oral liquid and antibiotics in the treatment of mild pneumonia in children was similar.
Conclusion of treatment
Double Huanglian oral liquid is composed of honeysuckle, scutellaria baicalensis and forsythia, among which, honeysuckle is sweet and bitter, and has the effect of clearing heat and detoxification. Scutellaria baicalensis bitter cold, has the effect of clearing heat and ephemeral fire and cooling blood. Forsythia is bitter and cold, and has the effect of clearing heat and detoxification.
According to modern pharmacological tests, it has proved that in addition to the anti-influenza virus and syncytial virus, it also has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, and the flavonoids, baicalein, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid contained in its components have strong antioxidant effects. In pediatric pneumonia, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased significantly, and the content of lipid peroxide (COP) increased significantly. Therefore, giving antioxidants to pneumonia patients can improve the efficacy.
In summary, double jaundice has both antiviral and antibacterial effects and antioxidant effects. After clinical observation, the efficacy is accurate, there are no toxic side effects, and the drug source is wide, the price is cheap, it is convenient to take, and it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Resources:
[1] Yao Xingjia. Prevention of pneumonia in children during influenza[J]. Family Medicine,2012(12):13.
[2] Zhang Shangsen. Efficacy of double jaundice oral liquid in the treatment of mild pneumonia in children[J]. Straits Pharmacy,2005,17(5):149-150.
Disclaimer: The article is for communication reference only, recommended products please use under the guidance of professional doctors.