Chai Hu, everyone may feel both familiar and strange. But in the field of traditional Chinese medicine, it is a big name, and it is properly matched with various medicines, it can treat many diseases, colds can be used, bad mood can be used, prolapse can also be used... People call the Chinese medicine practitioners who are good at using chaihu "chaihu school".
During the Qin and Han dynasties, Chai Hu was widely used in clinical practice. In the Mawangdui Han tomb book "Fifty-two Sick Formulas", there is a record of single-flavored chai hu frying to cure headaches. The "Shennong Materia Medica" lists this product as the top product, saying that its efficacy is mainly "the main henchman, go to the stomach to form qi, diet accumulation, cold and hot evil qi, promote the old and new, long service light body, bright eyes, good essence", more accurately recorded some of the functions of this product. Let's take a look at Chai Hu together.
In ancient herbs, this product is mostly named after Zhuhu. "Xinxiu Materia Medica" "茈 is ancient chai hu", "Compendium of Materia Medica" "茈字 has chai, purple two sounds... Umaki no Shōshi no Yinchai. In the mountains, the young ones can be ru, and the old ones are picked for firewood, so the seedlings have the names of brassica, mountain vegetables, and ru grass, and the root name is Chai Huye." Aliases are mountain vegetables, ru grass, firewood grass and so on.
Chinese medicine
The traditional Chinese medicine Chaihu is the dried root of the plant Chaihu or narrow-leaved Chaihu in the family Apiaceae. According to different traits, they are commonly called "North Chai Hu" and "South Chai Hu" respectively. Beichai Hu is mainly produced in Hebei, Henan and Liaoning; Nanchaihu is mainly produced in Hubei, Jiangsu and Sichuan. Digging in spring and autumn, removing stems, leaves and sediment, and drying. Cut into sections. This product has a slightly fragrant smell and a slightly bitter taste. The outer skin is black-brown and the cut surface is yellow-white. Use raw or with vinegar.
The traditional Chinese medicine Chai Hu is bitter and slightly cold. Attributed to the liver, gallbladder, lung meridian. It has the effect of evacuating and reducing fever, loosening the liver and relieving depression, and lifting yang qi.
Note: Chai Hu Qi sex dispersion, the ancients have the saying of "Chai Hu robbery liver yin", yin deficiency and yang, liver wind internal movement, yin deficiency and fire and qi machine adversity should not be used or used with caution. The dried rhizome of the large-leaved chaihu has dense links on the surface, which is poisonous and cannot be used as chaihu.
"Shennong Materia Medica": "Bitter taste, flat." The main henchman, go to the stomach to form qi, eat and drink accumulate, cold and hot evil qi, push the old and new. Long-term service, light body, bright eyes, good essence. One ground smoker. ”
柴胡有南柴胡与北柴胡之分，《本草备要·卷之一》载：“北产者，如前胡而软，并良； Southern producers, tough and unusable. "Today's mainstream commodity is North Chai Hu, but there are also a small number of South Chai Hu, which need to be paid attention to when using drugs clinically.
《Derivation of Materia Medica》
Chai Hu's "Book of Books" does not have a word to govern labor, and there are very few people who do not use it in the party of labor today. Taste the original disease labor, there is a kind of true hidden weakness, and regain evil heat; Evil causes labor because of falsehood, so those who work must be used wisely. For example, in "Experience Fang", the treatment of labor fever, artemisia fried pills, and the use of cocoon is suitable for the ear. Nothing is ineffective. If the heat goes away, it must be urgent, and if there is no heat, the more it gets. "Rihuazi" is also said to make up for five labors and seven wounds, "Theory of Medicinal Properties" is also said to cure fatigue and thinness, if such a disease, there is no real heat, the healer insists on using it, why not die! For example, Zhang Zhongjing treats cold and hot exchanges, like malaria, and uses firewood and hu soup, which is appropriate.
In the late Qing Dynasty, southern physicians used chai hu and mostly chai hu miao. The nature of the seedlings is mainly rising, and its rising power is strong, so the experience at that time and place is that the amount of firewood and hu is too small. The north uses chai hu, and the roots are used in ancient and modern times. The rising power of the root is weak, so the dosage is relatively large. The current version of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia stipulates that Chai Hu is used as a root medicine, so its dosage can be appropriately large. However, it should be noted that the same use of chaihu root into medicine, if you want to raise the treatment of upper scorch disease and skin disease symptoms, use the main root of chaihu; If you want to reduce the treatment of medium and lower coke symptoms, it is advisable to use chai hu (whisker root). As stated in the "Bencao Preparation Volume 1": "Internal wounds raise qi, wine stir-fry with roots; Moderate and descending with a little".
Modern pharmacology
Chaihu mainly contains saponins, such as saikosaponins A, B, D, F, etc. Chaihu volatile oil contains 2-methylcyclopentanone, limonene, myrcene, carvacone, valeric acid, caproic acid, heptic acid, caprylic acid, 2-octenoic acid, nonanoic acid, γ-heptenoic acid, etc. Chaihu also contains polysaccharides, phytosterols and flavonoids.
Chaihu has antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, sedative, analgesic, anticonvulsant, antitussive, liver protective, choleretic, anti-ulcer and other effects; It has anti-pathogenic microbial effect, can inhibit hemolytic streptococcus, Vibrio cholerae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Leptospira, malaria parasite, anti-influenza virus, epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus, anti-hepatitis virus and type I poliovirus. Saihu polysaccharides can improve the humoral and cellular immune function of mice; Saikosaponin can promote body-specific immunity and non-specific immunity; It has the effect of lowering blood pressure, slowing heart rate, lowering serum cholesterol, and reducing proteinuria and glomerular lesions. In addition, Chaihu also has anti-tumor effect, which has inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human liver cancer SMMC7721 cells and mouse transplantation of S180 solid tumor, and can inhibit Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. Saikosaponins A and D can increase blood glucose in normal and anesthetized rats.
Version: v1.1
Time: 202303