The development of new energy vehicles is the only way for the mainland to move from a major automobile country to an automobile power, and it is a strategic measure to address climate change, promote green development and ensure energy security. In 2022, mainland new energy vehicle sales will reach 6.887 million units, nearly doubling the growth rate, ranking first in the world for eight consecutive years; exports will reach 679,000 units, a year-on-year increase of 1.2 times; and new vehicle sales will reach 25% of the total new vehicle sales. After experiencing rapid development, new energy vehicles have come to a new crossroads. With the gradual departure of state subsidies, new energy vehicles have entered a new stage of development. This year, can new energy vehicles continue to "soar"?
01
Vigorously support the development of the new energy vehicle industry
As the most active and potential industrial sector in the current market, all parties are optimistic about the performance of the new energy vehicle market in the new year. Guo Shougang, deputy director of the First Department of Equipment Industry of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, pointed out that the mainland has made great achievements in the development of new energy vehicles, mastered core technologies such as batteries, motors, and electronic controls, and it is expected that the production and sales of new energy vehicles will maintain a rapid growth trend this year.
Guo Shougang said that this year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will continue to increase support for the development of the new energy vehicle industry, release a roadmap for the green and low-carbon development of the industry, and carry out intelligent networked vehicle access pilots in a timely manner. Improve the early warning mechanism of automobile production risks to ensure the smooth flow of the industrial chain and supply chain. Take multiple measures to ensure the supply and price of key raw materials. Accelerate the research and industrialization of new system batteries, automotive-grade chips, automotive operating systems and other technologies, and promote the integrated development of new energy vehicles with energy, transportation, information and communication and other fields.
On January 3, the State Railway Administration, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. jointly issued the "Opinions on Supporting the Development of New Energy Commodity Automobile Railway Transportation Service New Energy Vehicle Industry", proposing to focus on the outstanding needs of new energy commodity automobile railway transportation reflected by enterprises, clarify railway support policies, standardize railway transportation services, strengthen railway transportation management, strengthen railway transportation safety supervision, and give full play to the role of comprehensive transportation system and the green and low-carbon advantages of railway transportation. Actively encourage the development of new energy commodity vehicle railway transportation business, continuously improve the standardization, standardization and facilitation of railway transportation services, ensure the safety and smooth transportation of new energy commodity vehicles, promote the reduction of new energy commodity vehicle logistics costs, and help the development of the national new energy vehicle industry.
After about a month, eight departments, including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Transport, launched a nationwide pilot of comprehensive electrification of vehicles in the public sector. The implementation cycle of this pilot of comprehensive electrification of public sector vehicles is from 2023 to 2025, and vehicles include seven fields: official vehicles, city buses, sanitation vehicles, taxis, postal express vehicles, urban logistics distribution vehicles, and airport vehicles. Among them, the proportion of new energy vehicles in the pilot field of public transport, taxi, sanitation, postal express, and urban logistics distribution is striving to reach 80%. In improving the support system for the comprehensive electrification of vehicles in the public sector, promoting the promotion of new energy vehicles, infrastructure construction, the application of new technologies and new models, and the improvement of policies, standards and regulations, etc., we will actively innovate and take the lead in piloting, so as to play a demonstration role in the comprehensive market-oriented expansion of new energy vehicles and the construction of green and low-carbon transportation systems.
Opportunities and challenges coexist. Under the influence of factors such as the gradual withdrawal of subsidy policies, it may lead to a contraction of the demand side, and a wave of "price reductions" will be set off in the new energy vehicle market. Coupled with the impact of chip shortages and rising prices of power battery raw materials, many domestic new energy vehicle companies may face a more severe situation.
According to the forecast of the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, the total sales of new energy vehicles in China will be 9 million units in 2023, a year-on-year increase of 35%. New energy vehicles in the new year "stormy", new energy vehicles in the acceleration of "crazy", more should hold the steering wheel, down-to-earth, with a more stable pace to meet new challenges.
02
Shanghai: The scale of promotion ranks first in the world
At present, new energy vehicles are deeply reorganizing the innovation map, rebuilding the energy structure, and reshaping the lifestyle, becoming a "must-compete place" for urban competition. How can Shanghai, Shenzhen, Hefei and other benchmark cities of new energy vehicles accelerate the "wild run"?
Shanghai grasps the development opportunities of new energy vehicles and builds new momentum for the development of the automotive industry. At the end of 2022, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced the list of 45 national advanced manufacturing clusters, and the Shanghai new energy vehicle cluster was selected. In terms of production capacity, Shanghai's new energy vehicle production in 2022 will be 990,000 units, a year-on-year increase of 56.5%, accounting for 32.8% of the city's 3.02 million vehicles. The output value of new energy vehicles is about 288.8 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 56.9%, the output value of the output value is a record high, the output value of the automobile manufacturing industry is 808 billion yuan, and the output value of the automobile manufacturing industry is 808 billion yuan, which has made great contributions to the steady growth of the city's industry, and made every effort to build a world-class automobile industry center and create a competitive and influential automobile innovation highland and industrial highland.
In 2022, the market acceptance of new energy vehicles in Shanghai will continue to increase. 1,800 new energy models from 108 automakers including SAIC, Tesla, BYD, WM and NIO were sold in the Shanghai market, with 336,000 new vehicles promoted throughout the year, a year-on-year increase of 32%, the penetration rate of new energy vehicles reached 50%, and the cumulative promotion scale exceeded one million, reaching 1.013 million units, ranking first in the world's cities. A total of 697,000 charging piles of various types and 120 exchange stations have been built, with a vehicle pile ratio of about 1.4:1, which is in a leading position in the country.
In China's new energy vehicle exports, Shanghai's strength cannot be underestimated. Tesla's Shanghai Gigafactory alone accounts for half of China's new energy vehicle exports. SAIC's overseas sales exceeded 1.017 million units, a year-on-year increase of 45.9%, and it has won the top export list of domestic automakers for seven consecutive years, of which a large part of the export models are new energy vehicles.
In terms of policy support, the Shanghai Municipal People's Government issued the Action Plan for Boosting Confidence and Expanding Demand to Stabilize Growth and Promote Development, proposing to fully implement various preferential tax policies, and exempt pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid (including range extender) vehicles and fuel cell vehicles with purchase dates between January 1, 2023 and December 31, 2023 and listed in the "Catalogue of New Energy Vehicle Models Exempt from Vehicle Purchase Tax".
At the same time, it will promote mass consumption such as automobiles and home appliances. Continuing to implement the new energy vehicle replacement subsidy, before June 30, 2023, individual consumers who scrap or transfer out of their small passenger cars registered in Shanghai and meet the relevant standards, and purchase pure electric vehicles, will be given a financial subsidy of 10,000 yuan per vehicle.
Regarding the development direction, the "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Advanced Manufacturing Industry in Shanghai" proposes that by 2025, the competitiveness of the new energy vehicle industry will be significantly enhanced, with the annual output of new energy vehicles exceeding 1.2 million units and the industrial scale exceeding 350 billion yuan.
03
Shenzhen: Building a "New Energy Vehicle Industry City"
With the vigorous development of the new energy vehicle industry, the industrial form of Shenzhen's "New Energy Vehicle Industry City" has begun to take shape. Buses and taxis with iconic green plates shuttle through the streets and alleys, and the public's acceptance of new energy vehicles is generally high. A good policy environment, a complete industrial ecology, and a suitable climate have all promoted Shenzhen to become a "sprinting" city for new energy vehicles.
According to data released by the Shenzhen Municipal Bureau of Statistics, from January to November 2022, the added value of industries above designated size in the city increased by 5.6% year-on-year, and among the major industry categories, the added value of automobile manufacturing above designated size increased by 110.1%, of which new energy vehicles increased by as high as 202.7%.
Compared with Shanghai, Guangzhou, Changchun and other traditional automobile industry cities, Shenzhen has a weak foundation in the field of fuel vehicle manufacturing. The emergence of new energy vehicles has allowed Shenzhen to discover new opportunities and tracks. Shenzhen has issued a series of policies and measures, from financial support to consumption stimulation, from scientific and technological research and development to promotion and application, to "add bricks" to the development of the new energy vehicle industry in an all-round way.
In terms of policy measures, in December 2022, Shenzhen issued Several Measures to Promote the High-quality Development of Green and Low-carbon Industries in Shenzhen, which mentioned that it is necessary to enhance the market competitiveness of green and low-carbon industries and continue to promote new energy vehicles. Combined with the implementation arrangements of the consumption promotion policy, the subsidy policy for the purchase of new energy vehicles that meet the conditions for the purchase of new energy vehicles will be implemented in a timely manner, and the subsidy policy for the early scrapping or relocation of ordinary cars of "China IV" and below and the purchase of eligible new energy vehicles will be implemented to promote the sales of new energy vehicles.
At present, the enterprise pattern of "one super and many strong" in Shenzhen's new energy automobile industry has initially taken shape, and the city has cultivated 1 enterprise with an annual output value of 100 billion yuan, 4 enterprises with an annual output value of more than 10 billion yuan, and more than 22 enterprises with an annual output value of more than 1 billion yuan. In Pingshan, Shenzhen, in the busy BYD workshop, new energy vehicles drove off the production line. BYD is a local automobile company in Shenzhen and successfully topped the domestic sales championship in 2022. In January, BYD sold more than 150,000 vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 58.6%, making it one of the few new energy vehicle companies to achieve positive year-on-year growth in the same period.
With the rapid development of enterprises, Shenzhen has a relatively complete new energy vehicle industry chain. Yu Xiquan, director of the Shenzhen Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, revealed that in terms of hardware, Shenzhen has built a closed loop of the core technology chain of "three electricity" of new energy vehicles, covering all aspects of new energy vehicle research and development and manufacturing such as battery modules, power batteries, precision structural parts, and motor electronic control; In terms of software, a large number of electronic information and Internet and artificial intelligence enterprises in Shenzhen have entered the field of intelligent driving software development.
Regarding the future, Yu Xiquan said that the new energy vehicle industry has entered a period of rapid growth, and Shenzhen will continue to improve its industrial development policies to help enterprises enhance their brands, break through key core technologies, and promote the development of strategic emerging industry integration clusters.
04
Hefei: Building a "New Energy Vehicle Capital"
In recent years, Hefei has taken new energy vehicles as the leading industry, and the whole industry chain of new energy vehicles in the city has shown a strong momentum of development. Hefei's new energy automobile industry has gathered more than 300 enterprises on the plan, including 6 vehicle manufacturers such as BYD, NIO, Volkswagen, Hefei Changan and Ankai Automobile, as well as key supporting enterprises such as Guoxuan Hi-Tech, China Innovation Aviation and Juyi Technology. It covers the complete industrial chain of vehicles, key components (batteries, electric drives, intelligent networking), applications (bus, taxi, time-sharing leasing, private), supporting (charging infrastructure, battery recycling, inspection and testing).
Hefei has always regarded the cultivation of enterprises as a key measure for the development of the new energy vehicle industry. In the "14th Five-Year Plan for High-quality Energy Development of Hefei", it is proposed to support the development of leading enterprises such as Jianghuai, Ankai, NIO, Volkswagen, BYD, and Guoxuan. The company's performance did not disappoint Hefei either. On December 12, 2022, the 300,000th vehicle rolled off the production line of JAC NIO's advanced manufacturing base, once again refreshing the speed of mass production of high-end brand vehicles in China.
The cooperation between Volkswagen and Hefei has also made good progress. On December 7, 2022, Volkswagen Anhui's first pre-production model officially rolled off the production line, marking a key step for Volkswagen Anhui to fully launch the first new energy model in 2023. This means that Hefei's new energy vehicle industry is speeding up to "drive" into the fast lane.
As an important part of new energy vehicles, the recycling market scale of new energy batteries has also risen rapidly. In order to promote the full life cycle management of batteries, Hefei will focus on the fields of battery echelon utilization, dismantling and recycling.
Hefei is building a global new energy vehicle capital and the first city for photovoltaic new energy applications, and the "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of New Energy Vehicle Industry in Hefei" puts forward development goals. By 2025, the city's new energy vehicle production capacity will exceed 3 million units, cultivate 10 10 billion-level enterprises, and achieve the first square in the country in terms of output value and output; The industrial system of new energy vehicles and parts with complete layout and reasonable structure has basically taken shape, with an annual production capacity of more than 300GWh of power batteries and more than 3 million sets of drive motor systems.
Looking to the future, Hefei will anchor the goal of building a "new energy vehicle capital", play a good combination of complementary chain extension chain and strong chain, focus on the whole vehicle, intelligent network system, key components, battery recycling and other links to make precise efforts to build a globally competitive industrial development system.
Source: February 2023 issue of Sancheng magazine