The Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft has returned to Earth. Shenzhou 13 is ready to take place and will be launched in October this year. There were 3 astronauts in total, and one of the 3 astronauts this time was a female astronaut.
Many people say that because of cosmic radiation, female astronauts are forbidden to have children after returning to Earth, so the selection of female astronauts must be women who are already married and have children. This statement is very widespread, but it is a rumor.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="34" > also the effect of cosmic radiation on astronauts</h1>
First of all, astronauts will indeed be affected by radiation, which is mainly composed of galactic cosmic rays, solar high-energy particles, and particles of the South Atlantic anomaly zone. Galactic cosmic rays are streams of high-energy charged particles from outside the solar system.
Because of their high energy, aluminum plates up to 10 centimeters thick cannot be completely blocked, but the interaction of particles with metals will produce secondary radiation particles, thereby enhancing the radiation intensity in the space behind them.
High-energy particles will produce a strong ionization effect when passing through the material, thus causing greater damage to biological macromolecules, of which heavy ions are the most harmful in galactic cosmic rays, which can not only penetrate the bulkhead of spacecraft, but also cause serious damage to tissues and organs after hitting the human body.
Solar storms emit a large number of high-energy charged particles when they erupt, including proton, electron, and heavy-core particle streams, the vast majority of which are protons, so such events are called solar proton events. The solar proton event high-energy particle stream is as deadly as the rays emitted by radioactive material on the ground, able to penetrate the capsule and spacesuit, causing physical damage to the astronaut's body organs.
At present, there are a large number of high-energy protons, electrons and heavy ions in the near-Earth space where astronauts are located, which can cause radiation damage to astronauts in orbit, especially when astronauts leave the capsule, radiation may cause the cumulative dose in the astronaut's body in a short period of time to exceed the maximum safe radiation dose allowed in a year, causing damage to human cells, tissues and organs.
However, when a manned space flight is carried out in the low orbit of the Earth, such as the International Space Station, because there is a magnetic field around the Earth, it can capture most of the cosmic rays, which plays a good role in protecting the health of astronauts. Therefore, radiation has little effect on the health of astronauts.
Only when a solar proton event occurs, astronauts need to be specially protected from radiation. However, if the astronaut leaves the earth for Mars, the protective effect of the earth's magnetic field is beyond the reach, and the radiation of cosmic rays will pose a huge threat to the health of the astronauts.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="37" > cosmic radiation does not affect fertility</h1>
And this radiation will not affect the fertility of female astronauts, and as of 2020, a total of 65 women in the world have landed in space.
Chinese astronauts Liu Yang and Wang Yaping are the 56th and 57th women to enter space, respectively. Before they were selected as astronauts, they were all married, Wang Yaping married in 2006 and Liu Yang in 2004. But they have not had children for a long time after the space mission, so there will be many artificial rumors that female astronauts will be banned from having children after returning to Earth.
But we look at home and abroad, there are not many female astronauts who have been in space pregnant and have children, such as the first female astronaut to go to space, on July 25, 1984, the former Soviet Union female astronaut Savitskaya walked out of the "Salyut 7" space station, thus becoming the world's first woman to walk in space.
A year and a half after returning to Earth, Savitskaya "rejoiced in takako." The first female astronaut, Tereshkova, married a male astronaut 5 months after returning to Earth, and gave birth to a healthy girl the following year.
Of course, there are relevant experts to give statistics, foreign women astronauts who have entered space, 80% have not had childbirth experience when entering space, among them, 40% have miscarriages after pregnancy, and 9% have stillbirths.
The main reason for these miscarriages, stillbirths, and deformities is not spaceflight, but their age. Most of them are selected as astronauts at the age of 30 to 35, and after several years of training and missions, they return to Earth and rest for a period of time to be on the safe side, and they become elderly mothers. Therefore, the probability of miscarriage and stillbirth will be higher than that of the average person.
So why not choose a married and fertile woman to be elected as an astronaut? This avoids the adverse effects of advanced age on their childbearing. In fact, for the selection of female astronauts, there are three modes, one is married and childbearing, one is married and childless, and the third is unmarried and childless. The astronaut's choice is the result of a comprehensive selection.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="43" > Liu Yang has already broken the rumors</h1>
In China's case, the selection of Chinese female astronauts is divided into four rounds, the selection criteria are harsh, and under the suggestion of Yang Liwei, two new articles have been added: "must be married" and "priority given to children".
The reason why female astronauts who are married and give birth naturally are given priority because although astronauts are older at this time, they will have an impact on training. The choice of married female astronauts can avoid the adverse effects on their childbearing, and the female astronauts who have given birth are more mature in terms of physical and psychological qualities.
However, Liu Yang and Wang Yaping, who were selected for Shenzhou No. 9 and Shenzhou No. 12, are both married and childless, although it is indeed a problem and regret that they have not yet given birth. But the two of them have no shortcomings, cheerful personalities, and good psychological quality. The selection of the two was finalized according to the principle of selecting the best of the best. It can also be seen that being married and having children is not a mandatory criterion for the selection of Chinese astronauts.
Many people say that Liu Yang and Wang Yaping did not have children after going to heaven, in fact, Liu Yang gave birth to children after going to heaven, and in 2014, 36-year-old Liu Yang became a mother. Therefore, this rumor can be said to be self-defeating.
Regarding the female astronaut of Shenzhou XIII, no matter who she is, she is the hero of our country. Female astronauts are mainly mission experts in space missions because of their physique, such as operating robotic arms, maintaining equipment and engaging in some routine tests, and can also serve as payload experts and engage in special scientific experiments.
Finally, let us also wish the Shenzhou XIII mission a complete success.