According to Japanese media sources, Go master Wu Qingyuan died at the age of 100 in Odawara City, Kanagawa Prefecture at 1:11 a.m. local time on November 30, Japan. On November 23, Wu Qingyuan's 100th birthday celebration party was also held at the Beijing Convention Center, and hundreds of people from all walks of life wished Mr. Wu Lao's birthday. No one expected that the Go master would die 7 days later.
The author's long-time friend is also a chess friend, Teacher Li Lin, a doctor of Buddhism, wrote a poem to commemorate Master Wu Qingyuan, who had completed his merits:
The sound of the master's era
The tall building looks at the cold maple, and the lonely country remembers Cao Liu.
Xueji lone lamp star has about, the wind is light and the water fishing is not hooked.
Through the insight of Yi Fo to open a new situation, long lead Ton Lin Run Crown.
The most is the great truth and illusion, who will be created and collected?
Wu Qingyuan, a famous go master. Born in 1914 in Fuzhou, Fujian Province, he held the uncrowned throne of "the first in the world" all his life. In his later years, he devoted his life to promoting backward progress, promoting the internationalization of Go and the development of Chinese Go.
On June 12, 2014, Wu Qingyuan celebrated his 100th birthday. On this day, Wu Qingyuan's family and apprentices held a small birthday celebration for him in Japan. When the chess community worshiped collectively, Wu Qingyuan sat in the Hall of Fame for a hundred years, and the picture of his life was as magnificent as his chess game. The greatest chess player of the 20th century, known as the "chess saint", not only defeated his opponent on the chessboard, but also won the first place in the chess world in terms of longevity.
On Yahoo, Japan's largest online search engine, type in the Chinese surname "Wu", and the first keyword that pops up is "Wu Qingyuan". He is also one of the most well-known Chinese in Japan. Japan's NHK television station has interviewed many Japanese chess players and asked them what is good about Wu Qingyuan's chess. The chess players replied: "Mr. Wu's chess is beautiful, like clouds and flowing water, and now I can't find such a person." ”
Playing chess with Duan Qirui, receiving 100 ocean subsidies every month, tracing back to the past, a hundred years of life, it is really a bumpy life.
On June 12, 1914, Wu Qingyuan was born in the Wu family mansion in Minhou County, Fujian Province. It was the southern rainy season, and the rain spread all the way to the bedside. Perhaps frightened by bad weather at birth, Wu Qingyuan was weak from childhood.
Wu Qingyuan's father, Wu Yi, who studied in Japan, was very obsessed with Go and fell in love with it after returning to China. Under the guidance of his father, Wu Qingyuan and several brothers played chess at home, but he obviously improved faster than several other children, and from an early age, he would play both hands at the same time.
When Wu Qingyuan was a child, his whole family "drifted north" into Beijing. In the Fuzhou hometown of Beijing, there is a man named Lin Yitang, who is a famous Go player. Relatives and friends wanted to see how Wu Qingyuan's chess skills were, so they made an appointment to take him to play chess with Lin Yitang. As a result, Lin Yitang was killed by Wu Qingyuan in the middle game, and at this time, Wu Qingyuan's reputation spread among his fellow villagers in Fuzhou.
His father, Wu Yi, saw that Wu Qingyuan had extraordinary potential and ordered a newly published Japanese chess game for him. Others have small hands, chess scores are mostly thick, every day from morning to night with one hand to take the chess pieces, because of the abnormal hard work of learning, over time Wu Qingyuan's middle fingers of both hands are bent and deformed, and he has fallen into "occupational disease" since childhood.
Wu Qingyuan in the game
In 1924, Wu Yi died of lung disease due to ineffective treatment. At that time, Wu Qingyuan was only 10 years old. Losing the top pillar, the family road soon fell. But Wu Qingyuan does not seem to be affected, and still immerses himself in the study of Go every day.
But the days at home are always going to pass. At that time, it was the period of Duan Qirui's rule, and the famous player Gu Shuiru was a Qingke under his disciples, often playing chess with him and getting a salary. Therefore, his mother took Wu Qingyuan to visit Gu Shuiru and asked him to introduce the young Wu Qingyuan to Duan Qirui.
After Duan Qirui met Wu Qingyuan, he liked it very much and gave him a monthly subsidy of 100 oceans. This was a fairly high salary at the time, which solved the urgent needs of the family. Duan Qirui has good chess strength and a strong competitive spirit. His protégés deliberately let him win when they play chess. Wu Qingyuan is a child, whether Duan Qirui is happy or not, he can win. After Duan Qirui lost several times, he no longer played chess with Wu Qingyuan. However, 100 oceans are still paid monthly.
Since then, with the changes in the situation, Duan Qirui himself is difficult to protect, and Wu Qingyuan's subsidies have completely "broken the cooking". In order to support his family, Wu Qingyuan, led by his Fellow Villagers in Fujian, began to play chess in a Japanese club.
A game of chess changed his fate
One day, Wu Qingyuan played a game of chess with a Japanese chudan, and after a few hours of hard fighting, he won. This game stunned the Japanese Yamazaki Yumin. He immediately wrote a letter to the famous chess player Kensaku Setsukoshi, who was far away in Japan, and urged Setsukoshi to accept Wu Qingyuan as a disciple. From the summer of 1926 to 1928, Wu Qingyuan played multiple games of test chess with 3 Japanese masters, and Wu Qingyuan won. After reading these test chess scores, Setsukoshi decided to accept Wu Qingyuan. This news caused an uproar in Japan, on the one hand, some people are worried that if Wu Qingyuan does not play chess well in the future, where will Sekoshi's face as a master of the world be? On the other hand, if Wu Qingyuan is too fierce and defeats many Japanese masters, where is the face of Japanese Go? Setsukoshi said: "Wu Qingyuan is a rare genius in a hundred years, and it is my long-cherished wish to let him study in Japan." ”
Young Junjie, invincible
In 1928, Wu Qingyuan arrived in Japan. Due to the political turmoil, Sekoshi worried about his personal safety and took Wu Qingyuan to live with him. After that, Wu Qingyuan's family was successively brought to Japan for reunion.
Wu Qingyuan is hard-working and studious, and his chess skills are becoming more and more sophisticated. From 1929 to 1932, he was not high in rank, and he played mostly black chess, and because of his brilliant achievements, he won the reputation of "black first invincible".
Wu Qingyuan's first arrival in Japan (third from the left in a row)
During this period, Wu Qingyuan also became acquainted with his lifelong close friend Mugushi. Like him, Kitani consciously broke the rules in various chess battles, which were called "new layouts" at the time. In 1933, Japan's Shishi Shinbun invited two young men to fight. Wu Qingyuan wrote the extremely rare diagonal star layout at that time, and Mugu Shi also wrote a counter-traditional method. In the fifth game, when the game was hanging (that is, interrupting the game), Mutani shi invited Wu Qingyuan to the Shinshu Jigokudani Hot Springs for a vacation. Early the next morning, Wu Qingyuan strolled into Mugushi's room and saw him explaining Go to the writer An Yongyi. As soon as Fang Zhi was asked, Mu Gushi planned to write a Go book, and Wu Qingyuan was very interested and sat on the sidelines to listen. After Ann's farewell, the two of them continued to discuss warmly. In this way, Jigokudani Onsen became the birthplace of the "new layout revolution" of Go. The "new layout" broke the fixed pattern of the Japanese chess community for more than 300 years from the beginning of the shogunate, and the thinking method of the chess player layout was freed. The "new layout" has also become the prototype of modern Go. The famous Japanese writer Yasunari Kawabata once wrote a special article praising: "The era when Kitani Andi and Wu Qingyuan created a new layout is not only the youth of the two geniuses, but also the youth of modern Go." ”
In September 1939, Wu Qingyuan (left) and Mugushi (right) played against each other.
From 1939 to 1956, the Go world entered the absolute "Wu Qingyuan era". In the past 17 years, Wu Qingyuan has personally defeated the top 7 super chess players in Japan in the Juban chess game. Juban is hosted by the Yomiuri Shimbun, and the down-and-go format is a brutal format in which the opponent will be demoted after a net victory of 4 rounds. In the competition, in addition to the oldest Yan Jinjun, who saw that the general trend had stopped the game, the other 6 opponents Kitani Shiki, Hashimoto Utaro, Kaoru Iwamoto, Fujisawa Tomosai, Sakata Einan and Takakawa Katsu were all beaten by Wu Qingyuan to the demotion. Such achievements have made Wu Qingyuan a well-deserved first person in the chess world.
Wu Qingyuan accepted the nine-paragraph certificate
When Wu Qingyuan swept the Japanese chess players on the chessboard, it was at the height of Japanese militarism, and he risked his life every time he won a game. Wu Qingyuan compared these juban chess matches to duels on a cliff, either winning or crushing their bones. In the midst of great pressure and discrimination, he won everything, in addition to the superb chess skills, the root of being able to win is his ordinary heart. Wu Qingyuan said: "When fighting, winning or losing does not matter to me. From the very beginning, I thought of putting myself in the flow of Go and letting it drift, no matter where it ended. ”
They have been together for 70 years
In 1941, her mother and sister returned to China, and wu Qingyuan, 27, was in urgent need of care. At that time, Wu Qingyuan was called one of the three beautiful men by the Japanese, and the kind of acacia songs sung by Japanese women in the bar had Wu Qingyuan's name in it. But when it comes to the conditions for choosing a mate, he said, "Just find the same beliefs as me." ”
Fumiko Kita, the "mother of the Japanese Go world," introduced Wu Qingyuan to a girl named Kazuko Nakahara. Mr. Wu agreed to the marriage almost without looking at anyone, because he said the name reminded him of his hometown in China. This cross-century marriage allowed Kazuko, who was born into a solid family, to begin a long and miserable life, and also caused her to lose her Japanese citizenship for a while. But these misery, hezi did not complain, but took care of Wu Qingyuan, who was physically weak. This care has been a full 70 years. Madame's careful care is also one of the important reasons for Wu Qingyuan's longevity.
Accompanied by his wife, daughter and assistant, Wu Qingyuan visited the Palace in Taipei.
Many people in the Go world say that the greatest thing is actually wakako. Why? It is easy to serve people, but it is difficult to serve "God". Wu Qingyuan is a person who does not ask about the affairs of the world in his life, give him noodles for a year, and he will not ask why he always eats noodles. A piece of clothing, not changed for a month, he will not ask "why don't you change my clothes", he only has Go in his head.
When Chinese director Tian Zhuangzhuang filmed the movie "Wu Qingyuan", he observed Wu Qingyuan and his wife. He said that when Wu Qingyuan finished going, he always looked directly at Kazuko, waiting for her to tell her what to do. He has a kind of dependence and attachment to Kazuko, and she is like his sister or mother, which is a very special kind of feeling.
On April 23, 2009, Wu Qingyuan, his wife and daughter were in Hualien, Taiwan.
In December 2012, 70 years old Kazuko left first, a blow that pained 98-year-old Wu Qingyuan. The second elder lived in a nursing home far away from the city, the wife was gone, only a lonely person was left, the apprentices came to visit, after staying for a while, afraid of disturbing his old man's rest, he proposed to leave. He didn't keep it, he just looked at everyone with that kind of reluctant and lonely eyes.
Wu Qingyuan and Hezi have 3 children, none of whom have inherited their father's business. Wu Qingyuan understood the children, he said: "Playing chess requires talent, if there is no talent, the children are miserable, I myself will not bear it." ”
A calm centenarian
Many years ago, Wu Qingyuan said: "You always have to live to be 100 years old before things can be done." "Now, the centenary birthday has arrived, and the old Ji Futuo has no sign of stopping.
In 1961, Wu Qingyuan suffered a car accident and later suffered from tuberculosis. Illness caused him to retire from the chess world, but his obsession with Go did not change. In his later years, he no longer stuck to victory and defeat, but advocated the "chess of the six", "the spirit of the middle" - the so-called "six-in-one", that is, the east, west, south, north, and up. That is to say, the goal of Go is not limited to the corners, but should be balanced. Wu Qingyuan's Go thinking has been more infiltrated with the philosophy of life. Until his old age, he served as the chief referee and honorary adviser of the Ying Cup, known as the "Go Olympics", and as long as his health allowed, he would personally attend the game.
Wu Qingyuan gladly accepted the invitation to serve as the chief referee of the Ying Cup, which was more than 20 years
In February this year, Wu Qingyuan went to watch the Final of the Japanese Chess Jihad. It was the fifth inning, and the black Yamashita Keigo fell to the downside, and many people thought that Yamashita Keigo was hanging. Wu Qingyuan was silent on the spot, and when he left, he said: "Bai Qi has lost." As a result, Yamashita Keigo really won. The crowd sighed: a hundred-year-old chess saint, the sword is not old.
Speaking of Wu Qingyuan, I have to say his nationality. In 1936, Wu Qingyuan became a Japanese citizen under his real name "Wu Quan". In 1937, the war of aggression against China broke out in full swing. Therefore, Wu Qingyuan's move made it difficult for domestic chess fans to accept at that time, and it was also criticized by many people today. In 1949, Wu Qingyuan regained his Chinese citizenship. In 1979, the year after the signing of the Sino-Japanese Treaty of Peace and Friendship, he became a Japanese citizen again.
In 2005, Wu Qingyuan participated in the closing ceremony of the 5th Ying Cup Go Tournament at the Great Wall Hotel in Beijing.
For overseas Chinese, the choice of nationality is the most painful and tangled thing in their hearts. Many of them have "carried" in the face of adversity and still hold Chinese passports, so they have become old overseas Chinese and new overseas Chinese. There are also some people who have not been able to "carry" over, or are unwilling to continue to "carry", so they turn around and join the nationality of the host country and become foreign Chinese. Wu Qingyuan set foot on Japanese soil at the age of 14. Although Sino-Japanese relations were not good, the Japanese "warmly welcomed me", and this feeling accompanied him throughout his life.
Despite this, Wu Qingyuan never forgot that he was Chinese. In the 1960s, 17-year-old Chen Zude went to Japan to participate in the Go exchange, visited and consulted Wu Qingyuan at the behest of Premier Zhou. In the 1980s, Wu Qingyuan worked harder, hoping that the Chinese Go community would send young students to learn chess. He found sponsorship and was ready to open a partnership for these children in his own home, but unfortunately it could not be achieved for various reasons. He is also very close to Chinese films, in addition to the above-mentioned "Wu Qingyuan" written and directed by Tian Zhuangzhuang, the classic Sino-Japanese film "A Game of Chess That Has Not Been Played", many details are born from his experience.
Wu Qingyuan once said: "Without language politics, the world has no borders." "Perhaps, in his heart, the motherland and the country where he is located are like the black and white children on the Go board, you have me, I have you."
Today, this centenarian has long regarded the world's Zang as a passing cloud. Yasunari Kawabata once gave Wu Qingyuan a piece of paper with only the word "none" written on it. This word is the best description of Wu Qingyuan's character, for a person who only has chess in his eyes, everything else is just a "none" word.
Niu Lili, a chess player who has followed Wu Qingyuan for many years, said that the old man's demand for materials is extremely low. Such a life practice has enabled him to overcome the hardships in life again and again, whether it is the hard battles on the chessboard, tuberculosis, the difficulties of survival in the cracks, or the wandering and suffering of life... All are reduced to nothingness in his meditation practice.
It is said that whenever there is a dilemma, Wu Qingyuan will recite a poem by Bai Juyi: "What is the dispute on the snail's horn, send this body in the light of the stone fire." It is foolish to be rich and poor and happy, and not to laugh. ”
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