Dried moss is a niche and high-grade high-quality dehydrated vegetable; The reason why it is said to be niche is because people do not know enough about it, let alone eat it, and even many people have not seen it, let alone know what it is; It is said to be high-end because it was once expensive as a "tribute dish" and has always had a high value, and in the period of high value, it is common for 100 yuan per kilogram to be in short supply; Until now, the value of high-quality dried moss is still between 50 and 100 yuan per kilogram; Although dried moss has been on the table of ordinary people, its niche nature and high-end body make it far from reaching the possibility of becoming the main vegetable of daily life, three meals a day; So, what exactly is dried moss? What is it made of? Why does it have such a valuable stature? Why can it only be regarded as a niche food, but not a common vegetable for the public?
Dried moss is a pure natural dehydrated vegetable, its texture is tender, the color is bright green, the taste is crisp, the taste is like jellyfish, and the chewing is crisp; It has rich nutritional value, rich in a variety of amino acids and a large number of trace elements needed by the human body, and has the effect of strengthening the body, delicate beauty, and prolonging life, so it is loved by some people; Dried moss is also called a dish, moss, a mountain sting; It also has an alias called "Emperor Cuisine", because in the old days, dried moss was once a royal tribute to the imperial court.
According to legend, in 218 BC, Zhang Liang failed to assassinate Qin, and then fled to Xiaping to meet the Duke of Huangshi; Huang Shigong saw that Zhang Liang's complexion was weak, so Zhang Liang ate dried moss; Zhang Liang's complexion was rosy and radiant after eating; Later, when Zhang Liang was a military division in the Western Han Dynasty, he was obsessed with the taste of dried moss; So he ordered the local officials to go to Xiaping to find dried moss and offer it to Liu Bang to taste, and Liu Bang was full of praise after tasting it, so he gave it the name "tribute cuisine"; Another theory is that when the Qing Emperor Qianlong went down to Jiangnan, some local officials offered dried moss to Qianlong to eat, and Qianlong liked it very much after eating, so he ordered local officials to pay tribute to the imperial court and named the dried moss "tribute dish".
It can be seen that in the old days, dried moss was a tribute, and all the dried moss made by the people was paid tribute to the imperial court, and it was difficult for ordinary people to see and eat this kind of dish; After entering the palace, Tang Gan was related to the imperial vein, which also made Tang Gan from an unknown folk specialty to a royal dish above 10,000 people, and its value also doubled, and ordinary people generally could not afford to eat this food; In fact, the reason why dried moss can be transformed from a folk specialty into a royal tribute dish with double its value is not only because it has a crisp taste, crisp and tender texture, and unforgettable superior quality; It is also because this vegetable is sparsely cultivated in the folk and the production process is complicated, and high-quality dried moss products are even more scarce; Scarce is expensive, so it's not surprising that dried moss can become a tribute.
In the old days, plants used to make dried moss had very little planting area; It is not because the people are unwilling to plant it, nor because the government did not vigorously promote the cultivation of this plant in the old days; It is because the plant used to make dried moss can only grow in a very small number of places, which should be directly related to the soil ecology of the plant; For this plant used to make dried moss, the folk have also used the proverb "one dried moss seedling, ten miles of different vegetables" to explain that the plants used to make dried moss have extremely harsh requirements for soil quality and ecological environment; For example, dried moss seedlings bred in the same seedling are planted in fields ten miles apart, and the quality of dried moss raw materials is completely different; Therefore, there were very few planting areas suitable for making moss at that time; Until now, there are still very few production areas in the country that can grow and produce high-quality dried moss; Until now, the high price of dried moss has been due to this.
Writing here, many people will be curious, what kind of plant is suitable for making dried moss? In fact, people who have eaten dried moss may guess that the plant used to make dried moss is a variant of the stem lettuce family, and the full name should be the lettuce family lettuce variety green shoots or red shoots; Some people will ask, is dried moss made from lettuce? Strictly speaking, not, although the green shoots or red shoots used to make dried moss are derivative varieties of lettuce; But compared with lettuce, there are at least three differences between green shoots or red shoots and lettuce; The differences in these three aspects are reflected in the population attributes, ecology and morphology, respectively; Even in terms of quality, there is a clear difference in value.
There is a distinction in the genus of the class
Before talking about the question of whether dried moss is made of lettuce, we need to understand what kind of plant lettuce is? First, let's find out what kind of relationship is between dried moss and lettuce? Lettuce is an annual or biennial herb native to the Mediterranean coast; Studies have shown that as early as 4,500 years ago, Egypt was the first people to cultivate and use lettuce; The first lettuce cultivated by the Egyptians was domesticated from wild lettuce, and the purpose of using it at that time was not to eat the stems and leaves of lettuce, but to extract the oil from the lettuce kernel.
Therefore, the original name of lettuce domesticated by the Egyptians from wild lettuce was called oil lettuce; This is because, although wild lettuce has been domesticated by species, it is still difficult to eliminate the bitter taste in the stems and leaves of lettuce at the level of human domestication plants at that time; This is because lettuce is a plant that contains lettuce, which contains hemiterpene lipids; This compound has a bitter taste and has a calming and sleeping effect; Including modern lettuce, which still contains components of lettuce; For example, when we peel lettuce, we can see a white liquid spill from the root of lettuce, which is a heterpenoid compound containing lettuce, but the content is very small, and the bitterness does not affect today's consumption.
Later, the Egyptians discovered that the taste of oil in lettuce kernels did not taste as bitter as lettuce; Therefore, the purpose of the Egyptians to cultivate lettuce at that time was mainly to squeeze the oil in the lettuce kernel; In the years that followed, the Egyptians spread oil lettuce throughout the Mediterranean, and after careful cultivation by various peoples along the Mediterranean coast, they finally domesticated oil lettuce into plants that could eat both leaves and stems; According to legend, during the Wei and Jin dynasties in the fifth century, lettuce was introduced to the mainland from the Mediterranean coast.
However, the earliest historical record of the introduction of lettuce into the mainland is the "Qing Yilu" written by Tao Gu in the Song Dynasty, which describes: "When the envoys of the country came to Han, some people asked for vegetable seeds, and the remuneration was very rich, so it was famous for thousands of golden vegetables"; It can be seen that as early as the second century BC, when Liu Bang called the empire Han, lettuce was introduced to the mainland; This also corroborates with the folklore that Zhang Liang offered dried moss and Liu Bang gave dried moss as "tribute vegetables", which is enough to prove that lettuce has been cultivated in the mainland for more than 2,200 years.
After lettuce was introduced to the mainland, after the domestication of the working people on the mainland, the species was improved from the original leaf lettuce with bitter taste to the leaf stem with good taste and lettuce; For example, edible stem lettuce represented by green shoots and red shoots, and leaf lettuce represented by oil wheat; Among them, green shoots or red shoots are varieties derived from lettuce, although they are the same plant kingdom, but the class groups are different; For example, lettuce is a phylum of angiosperms, dicotyledons, chrysanthemums, Asteraceae, chicory or lettuce subfamily, glossary flower subfamily, lettuce; The green shoots are angiosperms, monocots, superfamily, Asteraceae, and bamboo plants; Simply put, lettuce and green shoots have undergone great changes in terms of class, population and plant attributes; If you still think that dried moss is made of lettuce, it is obviously inaccurate, not rigorous, and unscientific.
There are morphological differences
In addition, lettuce is also quite different from green or red shoots in morphology; For example, the stem of lettuce is relatively thick and fat, spinning cone-shaped; Lettuce is shorter than green shoots, only about 25 cm to 75 cm; The leaves of lettuce are mostly inverted-lanceolate or oval, with compact petioles and unsmooth leaf folds; The stem of lettuce is rough, easy to hollow, the epidermis layer is thick and hard, and a large amount of milky white milk milk spills after peeling; After lettuce matures, the skin color changes from blue to white, and the gloss is poor; The flower color of lettuce is mostly egg yellow.
The green shoots plant is tall and tall, naturally long legs, and the general plant height is about 75 cm to 150 cm; Although the green shoots are tall and handsome, the single plant appears relatively thin; The leaves of green shoots are smaller than lettuce, the leaves are mostly slender pointed leaf type or round leaf type, the leaves are smooth, the mesophyll flesh is thinner, the leaf base is longer, and the leaf margin is flat without lanceolate; The stalks of green shoots are relatively thin, but the thickness is basically uniform, the flesh is full and green, the water content is rich, the flesh is tender and firm, and it is not easy to hollow; The skin of green shoots is thin, the skin is soft, it is very easy to peel off, and a small amount of white milk spills after the skin; The flower color of green shoots is mostly light yellow.
Under normal circumstances, the raw material for making dried moss is relatively old green shoots that have begun to appear; Because the texture of the brittle and tender unsmoked green shoots is easy to break in the process of making dried moss, which is not conducive to making slender and high-quality dried moss; Dried moss made of green shoots, uniform thickness, green color, dense frosting, not easy to return to moisture, high commodity value; And lettuce can also make dehydrated vegetables, but the products produced, the color is dull, the thickness is uneven, often cannot be cut into strips, the quality is poor, easy to return to moisture and deteriorate, the commodity value is low, at most it can be called dried bamboo shoots.
There is an ecological difference
Lettuce is a semi-hardy vegetable, which prefers cold climates and can withstand frost and low temperature rain and snow; However, the heat tolerance of lettuce is general, especially in the high temperature summer season, and the temperature is too high to inhibit the growth ability of lettuce; The appropriate temperature requirement for the growth of lettuce is between 15 and 20 degrees, and the crude fiber increases beyond 25 degrees, and it is easy to smoke; If there is no protection in the hot season, it is generally impossible to grow high-quality and high-yield lettuce; Lettuce is a full-sun crop with sufficient light, which is conducive to leaf photosynthetic production and transformation of nutrients, and conducive to the accumulation of pulp nutrients; Lettuce likes acidic soil, and over-acidic or overly alkaline soil is conducive to the growth of lettuce; Lettuce likes deep and fertile soil, likes loose and permeable moist soil, if it is planted in sandy loam or loam land with high organic content, balanced and comprehensive trace elements, convenient drainage and irrigation, it is more conducive to improving the quality and yield of lettuce.
The green shoots used to make dried moss have stricter ecological requirements; For example, the soil, temperature, environment, water quality, light and other conditions are demanding; Only with the right soil quality and environment can high-quality green shoots suitable for making moss dry grow; Green shoots, like lettuce, are both semi-hardy vegetables and prefer cold climates; Not resistant to high temperature, not resistant to extreme heat; Green shoots are suitable for growing in an environment of 15 to 20 degrees, the growth temperature of the stem is required to be between 11 and 18 degrees, and the fruiting temperature of the straw is required to be between 19 and 22 degrees, but green shoots prefer a large temperature difference between day and night; If it is planted in a soil with deep and fertile soil, loose and permeable soil, rich organic matter, good moisture content, convenient drainage and irrigation, and good ventilation, it is more conducive to making high-quality and high-quality dried moss products.
overview
Dried moss is a kind of pure natural high-quality high-grade dehydrated vegetable, which not only has rich nutritional value, but also has a valuable value; It is made from green shoots or red shoots of a variant of lettuce, but the dried moss made of red shoots is dull in color, soft in taste, and not of high quality, and the dried moss that we commonly eat is mostly made of green shoots; Some people will ask, is dried moss made from lettuce? Strictly speaking, dried moss is not made from lettuce; Because lettuce and green shoots have made a relatively obvious distinction in the gang, clan and genus, green shoots are only a variant of lettuce; For example, although lettuce and green shoots have the same ancestor and root, green shoots have separated, established their own portals, and have a name; Therefore, green shoots are not lettuce, and dried moss is not made of lettuce.
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