The Latin name of the genus Iris is Iris, the rainbow goddess in Greek mythology, so the plant of this genus has the reputation of "rainbow goddess" or "Alice fairy".
There are about 300 species of iris plants in the world, mainly distributed in the northern temperate zone. China produces about 60 species, 13 varieties and 5 variants, mainly distributed in the southwest, northwest and northeast. There are not many native species in Zhejiang, there are a few species such as jade cicada flowers, butterfly flowers, small irises, small flower irises, etc., there are small flower irises on Ninghai Mountain, but unfortunately repeatedly missed the flowering period, did not take pictures.
Iris plants like a sword, flower type like irises, colorful, land and water, a wide variety, deep culture, deeply loved by global horticulturalists, cultivated varieties are said to reach more than 70,000, in recent years in the domestic garden more and more widely used.
Although the goddess is beautiful, the difference is difficult. Its leaf type and flower type are relatively similar, and the color is changeable, which is a headache to identify, and can be classified as a detour when you see it. However, there has been a slight change since last year. Since moving to live near Yinzhou Wetland Park, there have been more opportunities to observe them up close. This also verifies a truth, recognizing plants is not enough to look at pictures, to the flora, on-site fine comparison and comparison, in order to be able to have more cognition.
Another reason for this study note is that I met Alice Meow. Hongyue held a small gathering of big coffee in the plant circle last year. Because of the time conflict, I lost the opportunity to ask the gods for advice in person, but I also gained a lot of friends in the group, including Dr. Xiao. Dr. Alice Meow Xiao is from Shanghai Botanical Garden, a well-known iris expert, very nice, for Ben Xiaobai's childish problems, always tireless, careful guidance, people admire.
This article mainly records a total of 8 iris species observed in the wetland park this year and photographed in Other places such as Shenzhen and Singapore in the early years. According to the classification of Chinese flora, the subgenus Iris can be divided into six subgenus: chicken crown subgenus, unattended subgenus, hairy appendage subgenus, Nepali iris subgenus, wild iris subgenus, and lychee iris subgenus. Among them, the first 3 subgenus of 6 varieties can basically be covered, and the last 3 subgenus plants are usually relatively rare, which is ignored in this article.
In detail, there are 2 species of subgenus of cockscomb-like appendages, such as butterfly flowers and irises; there are the most non-appendage subgenus, including yellow calamus, calamus flower, Louisiana iris, brook sun, etc.; the typical representative of the subgenera of hairy appendages is the german iris of the subgenus of the genus, but it has not been seen. Brazilian iris and yellow fan iris are other genera, and finally. Here's a brief description.
Subgenus of cockscomb-like appendages
Butterfly flowers, the most common iris in Ningbo, can be seen in all flower beds. The name of the butterfly flower is very beautiful, the shape is also the same, the light blue outer flower is above the midrib, there is a raised yellow cockscomb-like appendage, the overhead picture features are not obvious, if you have the opportunity to observe from a head-up perspective, it is convenient to observe. Butterfly flowers are mainly terrestrial, and the flowering period is also the earliest, and the impression is that the flowers can be seen blooming in early March.
Iris, the flower is blue and purple, so it is also known as the blue butterfly. Although Iris occupies the family name, it seems to be rare in Ningbo. In recent years, I have only seen one bush in the East Liufang community in the early years, and I have seen it again in the wetland park this year, but there is only one plant. However, the iris has a long history in China, and the "Shennong Materia Medica" written in the Han Dynasty has a record of this, named Wuyuan, the root is the iris head, Li Shizhen explained: "And named after the shape." Wuyuan is used as a black kite. "In short, flowers are like irises, and roots are like irises. Its broad outer flowers are covered with white, purple-streaked chicken crown-like appendages, in an irregular ridge-like fissure, and the characteristics are very obvious. Iris is terrestrial and flowers in March and April.
Iris without appendages of subgenus
Iris without an appendage subgenus is most common in Ningbo. The so-called unadoned means that its wide outer flower covers do not have the whiskers like the German iris nor the cockscomb-like appendages like the iris. There are so many varieties of plants in this genus that they can be distinguished from different aspects such as the shape of the base of the outer flower cover, the overall flower color, etc., and the following is combined with the specific varieties.
Yellow calamus, also known as yellow iris, calamus iris, yellow flower calamus, yellow flower iris, aquatic iris and so on. The flower color is goose yellow, and the outer flower is covered with black-brown markings at the base. As can be seen from its alias, this is a kind of iris suitable for planting at the water's edge or shallow water, and it is also the most equipped iris in Yinzhou Wetland Park. The blooming period is in early May, coinciding with the large-scale opening of the chrysanthemum under the forest. For a time, under the forest and the water's edge of the park, there was a lot of yellow everywhere, and it was good to look at.
Flower calamus, flower calamus is a horticultural variant of the jade cicada flower, the Japanese favorite, cultivation history of more than 500 years, cultivated a lot of varieties, plant nutrients, flower type and color vary according to the variety. The more obvious identification mark is that there are yellow markings at the base of the veins in the outer flowers. Wetland Park May waterside, pale pink and dark purple calamus, interspersed on the banks of the river, like a beautiful lace on both sides of the waterway, in the green summer park, very conspicuous.
Then a group of dark purple calamus.
Louisiana Iris. One morning in May, walking through a bridge connecting the two communities of Guanjiang Garden and Golden Waterfront, I saw three or five dark red irises in the north side of the water feature plants, and when I looked closely, there was no appendage, and I asked Alice Meow to learn that it was Louisiana Iris, native to the United States louisiana, Florida and other Mexican Gulf regions, as well as the swamps of the Mississippi River Delta basin. Its main feature is that the leaves are evergreen all year round, with blue, purple, yellow, orange, pink and red and other colors, and the outer flowers have a thin yellow stripe at the base of the cover, which is thinner and longer than the yellow stripes of the yellow calamus, and can live in the water for a long time and can also live on land.
Purple Louisiana iris 2016 at fairy lake botanical garden
Brooks. This is an ancient species recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica, "stream" refers to the habitat of the plant, and "sun" refers to vanilla similar to calamus, which is connected together, meaning vanilla in water. Its native flowers are sky blue, and the horticultural varieties are many colors, and they have been photographed as white. This group of pictures of Xisun was accidentally encountered in 2016 when I went to Yonggui Road to shoot neem flowers, when I only saw a piece of iris flowers colorful, I took some pictures, and it was not recognized until this year that it was originally a xisun. It is characterized by black-brown reticules and yellow markings at the base of the outer flower, which resemble tiger skin, so it is called tabby stripes.
Two other iris varieties are included
Finally, two kinds of irises of different genera in the same family are attached: one is the Brazilian iris, also known as the horse butterfly flower, jade butterfly, etc., from the Brazilian iris genus, native to Mexico to Brazil. This variety is very common in southern China, and several business trips to Guangzhou and Shenzhen have met them on the street.
The second is the yellow fan iris, from the leopard-printed iris genus, which was photographed in the flower bed of Sentosa when he accompanied his father on a trip to Singapore in 2016.
The two varieties of iris have the same flower type, the outer flower quilt pieces of both are stretched out, the base has reddish-brown patches, and the inner flower covers are upright and rolled inside, the shape is very peculiar, which is unforgettable.
(Special thanks to Dr. Xiao Yue'e of Shanghai Botanical Garden for her in-depth guidance of this article)
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