Diagnosis and treatment technology of koi melon disease in Nanyang City
Huang Guowen
Koi is a variant of carp, with a bright body color, red, white, gold, yellow, purple, blue, black and so on. Koi are a large ornamental fish with a variety of markings. Carp farming has a long history in China. As an ornamental fish, red carp has been recorded in the Ming Dynasty, such as Li Shizhen wrote in the "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Goldfish have several species of carp, crucian carp, loach and turtle". The presence of goldfish and crucian carp is already present at the time of the explanation. In the breeding process of koi, there will be many diseases, such as viral diseases (pox disease, herpes virus, puffy virus, etc.), bacterial diseases (rotten gills, rotten body, rotten tail, enteritis, sepsis, etc.), fungal diseases (water mold, etc.), parasitic diseases (wheel worms, small melon worms, ring worms, three generations of insects, fish mackerels, anchor head fleas, etc.), bubble disease, etc., of which freshwater melon worms are a more serious koi parasitic disease.
1 Prevalence of melon worm disease
Freshwater melon worms, also known as multi-son melon worms, are prevalent throughout the country, no choice of host, all kinds of freshwater fish, migratory fish and ornamental fish can parasitize, especially in the conditions of small water bodies that do not flow, high-density culture, more likely to occur this disease, there is no obvious age difference, from fry to adult fish in all age groups have parasitism, but mainly endanger fish species. The suitable water temperature for breeding is 15 ~ 25 °C, which is popular in early winter and late spring, but when the water quality is poor, the breeding density is high, and the resistance of fish is poor, it also occurs in winter and mid-summer. In life history, transmission is carried out by the cyst and its larvae without the need for an intermediate host. The newly hatched larvae have stronger infestation and gradually weaken with the passage of time; the water temperature is the most invasive at 15 to 20 °C, and the aggressiveness is higher within 24 h after hatching, and it decreases after 36 h.
The life history of freshwater melon worms is divided into larval stage, adult stage and encapsulation stage, and its cyst sinks into the water bottom or other solid matter to divide and reproduce into larvae, and a new round of infection.
2 Precautions for small melon worm disease
2.1 Control measures for koi melon worm disease
The key to the prevention of small melon insects is mainly to strengthen the feeding management and maintain a good environment to enhance the resistance of the fish body; secondly, to remove too much silt at the bottom of the pond, the cement pool wall should also be vigorously washed, and disinfected with quicklime or bleaching powder; sampling examination by microscope before the fry go down to the pond, if it is found that there is a small melon worm parasite, it is necessary to use medicine for medicinal bath treatment.
2.2 Measures for the treatment of small melon worm disease
There are currently 2 ways to treat small melon worms:
(1) Drug treatment: treatment with formalin, when the water temperature is 10 ~ 15 ° C, with 1/5000 of the liquid soaked in the sick fish; when the water temperature is above 15 ° C, with 1/60000 of the liquid soaked in the sick fish for 1 h, or the whole pool sprinkled with 2.5mg / L formalin. Sick fish can also be soaked in glacial acetic acid of 200 to 250 mg/L for 15 min, and then repeated once after 3 days; or soaked with 1% saline solution for 60 min; or sprinkled with methylene blue whole pool, sprinkled with a concentration of 2 to 3 mg/L, sprinkled every 3 to 4 days, continuously used 3 times (this method is limited to the treatment of ornamental fish); or use dried pepper and dried ginger, each add 5 kg of water, boil for 30 min, the concentration is 0.35 to 0.45 mg/L and 0.15 mg/ L, respectively. L, then mix well with water and sprinkle the whole pool, 1 time/day, 2 times. If dried ginger is changed to fresh ginger, the concentration is 1 mg/L.
(2) Increase the water temperature: Raise the water temperature to more than 28 ° C, which can achieve the purpose of automatic shedding of the insect body and dying.
3 The diagnosis and treatment of small melon worm disease is summarized as follows, and the diagnosis and treatment of a case of flower koi melon disease encountered in production practice is summarized as follows, and communication and communication with peers are carried out.
3.1 Incidence of ponds
On October 11, 2020, a fish disease occurred in a carp breeder in Sun Lou, Guozhuang Hui Nationality Township, Zhenping County, Nanyang City, Henan Province.
The pond has an area of 1000 m2, an average water depth of 1 m, a 1.5 kW impeller aerator, and a stocking koi with a size of about 15 cm. The water body is thin and has a transparency of about 30 cm. Flower koi frequently jump on the surface of the water, not many deaths, more than a dozen die every day, the overall feeding is slightly worse.
3.2 Symptoms of onset
At the scene, 2 flower koi that swim slowly at the water's edge were fished, and the naked eye examination found that the eyes of one sick fish were prominent and red, the base of the pectoral fin and the end of the tail fin were red, the end of the tail fin was partially ulcerated, and the eyes of the other fish were normal, and the tail of both fish had obvious small white spots. Dissecting the sick fish found that the livers of the two fish were pink, there was less intestinal food, and other internal organs were basically normal. Microscopic examination of the tail fins and gills of both fish found more small melon worms. The water temperature in the middle layer of the pond was determined to be 17 °C. Ask the farmer, the bottom of the pond silt about 5 cm, previously used iodine preparation disinfection 2 d, internal administration of 3 d of three yellow powder.
3.3 Treatment Options
According to the above test results and the scene situation, the pond flower koi is a small melon worm disease. The treatment plan is as follows: at about 5:00 a.m., use the special effect of guavarin (667 m2 · m / bag) (ingredients are dried ginger, pepper, spicy indigo, etc.) + garlic Changle (667 m 2 · m / bag) (ingredient is allicin) + high-efficiency bottom (4 / 667 m 2 / bag) (ingredient is potassium persulfate), these products for 3 consecutive days, after use to open an aerator; at the same time: immune polypeptide (40 kg material / bag, boiling for 10 min) (ingredients for eucommia, astragalus, etc.) + garlic Changle (40 kg of material / bag) + Hepatobiliary peptides (50 kg material/bag) (composed of bile acids) were fed continuously for 6 days.
On the 15th, check the customer's flower koi 3 again, the small melon worm has disappeared, the fish no longer jump on the water body, eating feed basically recovered. Clients are more satisfied with the results of the treatment. At the same time, farmers are told that they need timely fertilizer water to prevent the recurrence of small melon worms.
3.4 Cause Analysis
3.4.1 In this case, through the dissection of the diseased fish and the microscopic examination of the gill caudal fin, combined with the low temperature period and water thinness, the basic judgment is that the koi has small melon worm disease. One of the two fish examined had protruding eyes, redness, and redness of its fins, which was caused by a small melon worm causing a lack of oxygen in the gills of the fish body, floating on the surface of the water, and secondary bubble disease on sunny days.
3.4.2 In the treatment plan, the use of Chinese herbal medicine-based insecticides (special effect melon worm), relatively safe, less irritating, with allicin to improve the permeability of the drug, but also can effectively prevent water mold caused by low temperature rot. Considering the biological learning of small melon insects, the use of early morning drug, with potassium persulfate to change the bottom, improve the comprehensive killing effect, but need to pay attention to oxygenation to prevent hypoxia.
3.4.3 In the case that most of the fish can still eat feed, with the internal administration of immune polypeptides to improve immunity to small melon insects, the internal administration of garlic Changle to prevent secondary bacterial infections, bile acids can effectively improve liver problems, which is conducive to improving the survival rate of flower koi in the treatment process.
3.4.4 The occurrence of small melon worms is very much related to the water quality, substrate and physique of the fish body in the pond. Ponds with thin water quality and dirty substrates are more prone to small melon worm disease. In addition, when the body of the fish is poor, it is also prone to small melon worm disease. Therefore, in order to fundamentally and effectively prevent small melon insects, it is necessary to maintain the fertility of the pond water body, regularly change the bottom, and improve the immunity of fish.
#pgc-card .pgc-card-href { text-decoration: none; outline: none; display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; } #pgc-card .pgc-card-href:hover { text-decoration: none; } /*pc 样式*/ .pgc-card { box-sizing: border-box; height: 164px; border: 1px solid #e8e8e8; position: relative; padding: 20px 94px 12px 180px; overflow: hidden; } .pgc-card::after { content: " "; display: block; border-left: 1px solid #e8e8e8; height: 120px; position: absolute; right: 76px; top: 20px; } .pgc-cover { position: absolute; width: 162px; height: 162px; top: 0; left: 0; background-size: cover; } .pgc-content { overflow: hidden; position: relative; top: 50%; -webkit-transform: translateY(-50%); transform: translateY(-50%); } .pgc-content-title { font-size: 18px; color: #222; line-height: 1; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; } .pgc-content-desc { font-size: 14px; color: #444; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; padding-top: 9px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.2em; display: -webkit-inline-box; -webkit-line-clamp: 2; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; } .pgc-content-price { font-size: 22px; color: #f85959; padding-top: 18px; line-height: 1em; } .pgc-card-buy { width: 75px; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 50px; color: #406599; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; } .pgc-buy-text { padding-top: 10px; } .pgc-icon-buy { height: 23px; width: 20px; display: inline-block; background: url(https://lf3-cdn-tos.bytescm.com/obj/cdn-static-resource/pgc/v2/pgc_tpl/static/image/commodity_buy_f2b4d1a.png); }
Chinese animal fish food 500g small fish food koi feed dolphin fish food parrot fish tropical fish goldfish fish food patch ornamental fish fish food luohan fish feed universal type 1mm ¥12.9 purchase