#头条创作挑战赛 #
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, there was such a historical figure, his father and grandfather were in charge of Jinyiwei, and he himself was also entered by Jinyiwei, and all the way to the high position of the left governor and Jinyiwei commanding envoy, after the fall of the Ming Dynasty, he surrendered to the Qing court, and was ordered to be the governor of Tianjin and other military affairs, he was the last Jinyiwei commanding envoy of the Ming Dynasty and the first governor of the Qing Dynasty - Luo Yangshi.
01. During the apocalypse year, Jinyi Wei joined the service
Luo Yangshi was born in a noble family of the Ming Dynasty, and his ancestors served at the emperor's side for military merits, and since his great-grandfather has served in Jinyiwei, among which the great-grandfather Luo An has commanded envoys from Jinyiwei, and his grandfather Zhao Mengyou also served as the commanding envoy of Jinyiwei during the Wanli years, and his father Luo Sigong was an official at least Fu and crown prince and crown prince, commanding envoys in charge of Jinyi Wei, and Zuo Dudu of the left army governor.
In October of the third year of the Heavenly Apocalypse (1624), because of his father's merits, Luo Yangshi was able to grace the hereditary Jinyi Wei hundred households, thus being enrolled, and later promoted to the post of Fushi Youshu of Nanzhen in the second year of Chongzhen (1629), and promoted to the post of Governor of Chongzhen in the tenth year of Chongzhen (1637). In the thirteenth year of Chongzhen (1640), in order to raise military salaries, Chongzhen called on ministers to donate, and Luo Yangshi responded to the call and donated 68 taels of silver.
Although Luo's father died as early as the eighth year of Chongzhen (1636), with the political legacy of his father and grandfather for several generations, and he was in Jinyiwei, whose family power was deeply rooted, his early career was generally relatively smooth.
In the early years of Chongzhen, the first assistant Zhou Yanru and the second assistant Wen Tirenming fought secretly, and Zhou Yanru finally failed and went into hiding. In the thirteenth year of Chongzhen (1640), Xiong Kaiyuan, a member of the Donglin Party who had been demoted from official exile, was promoted to deputy of the pedestrian department, and because he failed to seek the post of Guanglucheng from Zhou Yanru, he ran to impeach Zhou Yanru in a fit of anger.
At that time, Zhou Yanru had been in hiding for seven years, and Xue Guoguan, the first assistant in power in the DPRK at that time, was a close associate of Wen Tiren, which could be described as Zhou Yanru's mortal enemy, so he impeached Zhou Yanru, not only would he not take any risks, but he might be able to please Xue Guoguan and get the opportunity to be promoted.
However, at that time, under the operation of Zhang Pu, the leader of the restoration society, Wu Changshi, a member of the ceremonial department, and others, Chongzhen already had the intention of reactivating Zhou Yanru, and was angry because Wen Tiren and others were engaged in party struggle, and Xiong Kaiyuan's move was simply hit at gunpoint. Soon, Xiong Kaiyuan and Jiang Yu, who also impeached Zhou Yanru, were arrested and sent to Jinyiwei Prison, and asked Jinyiwei to strictly investigate the mastermind behind him.
Luo Yangshi had a contradiction with Zhou Yanru, so he intended to protect the two, and the next day the interrogation result was played, but this result was not satisfactory to Chongzhen, and Chongzhen asked him to strictly interrogate him and find out who was behind it.
One night, a lieutenant holding the imperial pen of Emperor Chongzhen ordered Luo Yangshi to execute the two in secret, but Luo Yangshi did not execute immediately, but consulted with his colleagues. The colleague persuaded, "Have you forgotten the fate of Tian Ergeng and Xu Xianchun?" Tian Ergeng and Xu Xianchun were also in charge of Jinyiwei, and both were ordered to torture Yang Lian, Zuo Guangdou and others, but were finally liquidated and killed.
Therefore, Luo Yangshi ran to reply to Emperor Chongzhen, if Xiong Kaiyuan and Jiang Yu should die, then the emperor should issue a clear edict, let the world know their crimes, if someone is sent to execute them secretly, let the world and future generations think of Your Majesty? And make it clear that he will not start. At the same time, Luo Yangshi inadvertently leaked the matter and used public opinion to pressure Emperor Chongzhen, and the matter was finally closed.
02. Chongzhen was in charge of Jinyiwei in the last years
In September of the fourteenth year of Chongzhen (1641), Zhou Yanru was reactivated as the first assistant to the cabinet, and in July of the following year, he was promoted to the rank of major and promoted to the rank of Zhongjidian University. After Zhou Yanru's comeback, he immediately overthrew the maladministration of Wen Tiren when he was in power, and at the same time wantonly won the hearts of the people, and Luo Yangshi was one of the objects of his coax, so Luo Yangshi first served as the governor Tongzhi in the fifteenth year of Chongzhen (1642), and soon because of Zhou Yanru's recommendation to supervise the Jinyi Weishi.
The relationship between Zhou Yanru, the first assistant to the cabinet, and Wu Cai, the second assistant to the cabinet, was extremely poor, and Wu Cai, as a member of the Donglin Party, already had a grudge against Zhou Yanru's impeachment of Qian Qianyi, the leader of the Donglin Party, in the early years. Therefore, when Zhou Yanru made a comeback and wanted to restore his family Feng Quan, he was obstructed by Wu Cai in every way, so the two formed their own henchmen, and the "History of the Ming" said that "Cai lives in the north of the Jiang, Yanru lives in the south of the river, and each tree party".
Therefore, when Zhou Yanru recommended Luo Yangshi to take charge of Jinyiwei, he was resolutely opposed by Wu Cai. Moreover, later when Emperor Chongzhen discussed the shortcomings of various yamen with his ministers, Wu Cai once again said that Jinyiwei had the most maladministration, and asked for the cleaning up of Jinyiwei's redundancy.
However, not knowing what happened during the period, Zhou Yanru not only did not protect Luo Luo, but "also talked about the harm of riding and riding", and asked for the removal of Dongchang and Jinyiwei. You know, the right to arrest is the foundation of Jinyiwei, which undoubtedly touches the fundamental interests of Luo Yangshi, and it is precisely because of this that Luo Yangshi is extremely annoyed with Zhou Yanru and Wu Cai.
The first to be retaliated against was Wu Cai. In March of the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), Li Zicheng captured Xianyang, Jingzhou, Chengtian and other places, and the chongzhen emperor ordered Wu to poison Huguang, and Wu Zicheng asked for 30,000 elite soldiers to be sent to extinguish it. However, due to the difficulty of collecting enough salaries for the soldiers, they did not set out until May, and as a result, they were reprimanded by the Chongzhen Emperor.
Wu Yan finally waited for Tang Tong's soldiers, and when he was about to set off, Emperor Chongzhen asked him to stop sending troops and return to the Beijing division first. Before the panicked Wu Yan returned to the Jingshi, he was attacked by Luo Yangshi in front of Chongzhen, and Emperor Chongzhen was furious and sent him to the Golden Tooth Guard.
While the rebels were raging, the Qing army also broke through the pass in the same year, and arrived near the Beijing division in April of the same year, Emperor Chongzhen summoned the courtiers on the platform, and Zhou Yanru asked himself to supervise. On the fourth day of the first year, Emperor Chongzhen ordered Zhou Yanru to use the cabinet to supervise the division and cut off the enemy's way back, and Zhou Yanru did not dare to delay after being ordered to avoid following in the footsteps of Wu Yanru, and set off on the same day.
However, when Zhou Yanru arrived in Tongzhou on the sixth day of April, he stopped and held banquets every day with the four ministers Fang Shiliang, Jiang Gongchen, Yin Minxing, and Liu Jiaji, and the four general soldiers of King Qin, Liu Zeqing, Tang Tong, Zhou Yuji, and Huang De, completely throwing the war aside, but reporting to the Beijing division twice a day. Emperor Chongzhen did not know the inside story and praised Zhou Yanru.
Soon, after investigation, the Jinyi Weidu Governor Luo Yanghe and the eunuch Wang Zhixin of Dongchang reported what Zhou Yanru and others had done to Emperor Chongzhen, and Emperor Chongzhen was furious after hearing this, and that night he ordered the ministers of the Governor's Mansion of the Five Armies and the Military Department to publicly inspect Zhou Yanru and other situations, but in the end, Emperor Chongzhen still put away his murderous intention, and only let Zhou Yanru return home.
Although Emperor Chongzhen did not kill Zhou Yanru, his political enemies would not let go, and then under the continuous impeachment of Cao Liangzhi and others in the incident, Zhou Yanru was finally given death. Later, Luo Yangshi, Yushi Jiang Gongchen, etc. impeached Zhou Yanru's nemesis Wu Changshi for corruption and bribery, because Wu Changshi had defended Zhou Yanru in every way, Emperor Chongzhen not only personally interrogated Wu Chang, but also personally ordered the use of torture, breaking Wu Changshi's thigh, and after the charges were confirmed, Wu Changshi was finally beheaded and displayed to the public.
03. Became the first governor of the Qing Dynasty
In March of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), Li Zicheng led an army to the city of the Beijing Division, and the Beijing Division at that time was ravaged by the plague and could not muster enough troops to defend the city, as a result, the two sides fought for several days, Li Zicheng's peasant army easily attacked the city on the 19th of the same month, and the Chongzhen Emperor hanged himself on the coal mountain, and the Ming Dynasty was destroyed.
After Li Zicheng entered Beijing, order in the capital was maintained for only a few days, and then it was broken when the army broke through the army to raise military funds and torture and chase old Ming courtiers. At that time, there were nine officials in Jinyi Weitang, four who were tortured to death, and four who fled and hidden, and Luo Yangshi finally exchanged his life after paying 30,000 military salaries, but his younger brothers Luo Yangxin and Luo Yangzhi were tortured to death by the peasant army.
On 13 April, Li Zicheng personally led an army to Shanhaiguan to confront Wu Sangui, and took Zhu Ciyun, the crown prince of the Ming Dynasty, and others with him, but was defeated because Wu Sangui surrendered to the Qing Dynasty. After Li Zicheng led the remnants back to the capital, he hurriedly ascended the throne on April 29 and withdrew from the capital.
At that time, there were rumors in the capital that Wu Sangui would return the crown prince Zhu Cixun to Beijing to take the throne. On the second day of May, after learning that a large army was marching towards the capital, Luo Yangshi, Shen Weibing and others first set up the Chongzhen Emperor's spiritual seat at the noon gate to cry and salute, and the reserve law drove outside the Chaoyang Gate to prepare to welcome the crown prince.
However, what they did not expect was that it was not Zhu Ciyun, the crown prince of the Ming Dynasty, who was waiting, but the regent of the Qing Dynasty, Dolgon. Under such circumstances, Luo Yangshi and the others finally chose to surrender to the Qing Dynasty, so the Qing army took the capital without bloodshed.
The capital changed hands twice, and the regime changed twice, causing panic and chaos in Gyeonggi and even in Hebei, so Dorgon ordered Luo Yang to try to retain the former Ming courtiers who went south.
On the third day of June, Dolgon appointed Luo Yangshi as the crown prince and the governor of Zuodu, responsible for military affairs in Tianjin and other places, and as a result, Luo Yangshi became the first governor of the Qing Dynasty. After Luo Yangshi went to Tianjin to take up his post, he "collected sea boats, provoked Tu Kou, calmed down the gods, and benefited the merchants", which quickly stabilized the local situation.
Later, in order to appease people's hearts, Luo Yangshi asked for "exemption from sending more money and grain next season, stopping the collection of positive amounts and burning fire", and was approved. This is also considered to be the greatest good deed Luo has done in his life.
In August of the first year of Shunzhi (1644), the Southern Ming Hongguang regime sent Zuo Maodi, Ma Shaoyu and Chen Hongfan north to negotiate with the Qing court, and arrived in Luo Yangshi in September. According to the order of the Qing court, Luo Yangshi received and strictly supervised everyone, but even so, he was impeached by Song Quan and others, saying that he received the southern envoys extremely warmly, suspecting that he had different intentions.
Dorgon was greatly annoyed when he learned of this, and was about to dismiss Luo from his post for investigation. On the tenth day of October, on the day when the Shunzhi Emperor issued the edict on his enthronement, Luo Yangshi was dismissed from his post as a civilian, but he was dismissed from his post as governor, so he was only removed from the position of governor and appointed to the titles of crown prince and prince and Zuo Du.
According to the information of the "Original Crown Prince Fu Zuo Dudu Du Luo Yang Sex Transcript", after Luo Yang was deposed, he explained his behavior and described his achievements since his surrender, and wanted to make a comeback, although unsuccessful, but also basically resolved the Qing court's suspicion of him, which is not difficult to see from the Qing court's attitude towards him later.
In May of the second year of Shunzhi (1645), the Qing court discussed the merits of the surrender, and Luo Yangshi was awarded the title of crown prince. The following month, An Qimao impeached Luo Yangshi, and as a result, not only did the Qing court not hold a regular meeting, but An Qimao was dismissed from his post. After that, Luo Yangshi wanted to make a comeback again, and the Qing court ordered him to "wait for simple use".
It was not until August of the fifth year of Shunzhi (1648) that the official Shangshu said that Luo Yangshi was originally from a military background and should not be replaced by civilian posts, and suggested that the military department demote him. In February of the following year, Luo Yangshi was appointed as the Zhejiang Palm Printing Capital, in charge of Caoyun Weitun. However, soon after his comeback, Luo Yangshi died.