Tao Yuanming (陶元明), courtesy name Yuanliang (字元亮), was a native of Wuliu ( Wuliu ) , a private Jingjie , a native of Chaisang , Xunyang ( present-day Jiujiang , Jiangxi ) .
Tao Yuanming, an outstanding poet in the history of Chinese literature, brought the theme of pastoral life into poetry and opened up a new field of expression. Moreover, he created a new type of beauty in the artistic conception of Chinese poetry, a diluted beauty with an extremely pure and simple charm, and "opened up the bland sect of eternity", thus laying its immortal position in the history of literature.
Tao Yuanming's contributions to the history of Chinese literature:
(1) One of Tao Yuanming's major contributions in the history of Chinese literature was to create a new field of literati poetry creation, pastoral poetry.
(1) Tao Yuanming's idyllic poems affectionately and naturally depict the idyllic scenery, writing out its idyllic mood and Pu Mao's vitality. Such as "Return to the Garden". "There is little vulgar rhyme, and sex loves QiuShan." Mistakenly fell into the dust net, gone for thirty years. Birds love the old forest, pond fish think of the past. Open up the wilderness in the south, and return to the garden. The square house is more than ten acres, and the grass house is eight or nine. The eaves of the elm willow shade, in front of the tao li luo hall. Ambiguous distant village, clinging to the smoke in the ruins. Dogs bark in the deep alley, chickens chirp mulberry trees upside down. The household garden is dust-free and cluttered, and the virtual room has spare time. After a long time in the cage, return to nature."
(2) Tao Yuanming's idyllic poems really describe his own life of ploughing, but the poet who works hard shows a calm and optimistic attitude, and his ambition to cultivate is always unswerving. Such as "Return to the Garden and Rural Residence" the third. "Planting beans down the mountain, grass is full of bean seedlings. Morning Xingli is desolate, with the moon lotus hoe return. The road is narrow and long, and the dew stains my clothes. The clothes are not enough to be sorry, but the wish is not broken. ”
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(3) Tao Yuanming's poetry idyllic poems also recount his contacts with farmers and close friends. Such as "Migration" two songs.
One
In the past, he wanted to live in the south village, not to be Bu Qi's house. Smell more vegetarian people, happy and count the morning and sunset.
Pregnant with this for a long time, today from the service. Why should we be wide, take the foot to cover the bed.
Neighbors come and go, and anti-talk is in the past. QiWen appreciates, doubts and analyzes.
Second
Spring and autumn are good days, ascend to the top and give new poems. The door is more called, and there is wine to drink.
The farm work is divided into separate tasks, and the leisure is in love. Acacia is dressed and smiling tirelessly.
Will this be better? Nothing goes wrong. Food and clothing should be disciplined, and hard work should not be deceived.
(2) Another contribution of Tao Yuanming in the history of Chinese literature is to create a diluted beauty with a strong sense of emotion.
(1) Tao Yuanming has opened up a world where dilution is beautiful. The realm charm of his poems is a kind of peaceful and indifferent, the natural flow of the realm of life in which there is no dispute in the world, nothing to seek, and the heart and nature are one, which is expressed as a quiet and plain realm, which is a new type of artistic beauty.
(2) The reason for the formation of the plain and natural beauty of Tao poetry lies in the peace and lightness of the poet's state of mind, and the second lies in the simplicity of the poet's language. Tao Shi wrote about the daily scenes in the life of the Tian family, such as several family treasures. Tell it like it's kind and peaceful.
(3) The language of Tao's poetry is simple and unpretentious, without carving, and the pure beauty of the language is exhausted. The charm of his verses lies in the fact that they are all words that flow naturally from temperament, and in the inner emotional power. However, the language of Tao Shi is not a rough and ordinary folk spoken language that has not been processed and tempered, but a higher realm and level that can be achieved by the language master after stripping off the glitz and splendor.
(4) He used the quality of natural language to create an artistic realm of extremely emotional diluted beauty. Writing that snow "pours out of the ear without hope, in the eyes of hao hao self-purity", only ten ordinary words, write the soft attitude of the snow falling silently. Writing style "there is a wind from the south, wings and new seedlings", only a "wing" word, it will be the south wind slightly whisking the new seedlings swaying state is written in a warm and warm way.
(5) Therefore, the language of Tao poetry is a highly artistic stroke of the gods that is not chiseled, and it is the ultimate realm of the poetry master's language skill, which is not comparable to ordinary generations.
Tao Yuanming's present biography of 4 essays: "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu", "The Tale of Peach Blossom Origin", "The Biography of Shi Mengfujun, the Great General of the Jin Dynasty", and "The Book of Youzi", the previous two achievements are the highest.
"The Biography of Mr. Wuliu" is an essay with the nature of an autobiography, the writing is concise and clean, and the full text is more than 100 words. However, he wrote a hermit who was pure and unworldly, poor and happy, that is, the master's own way, and the ideal of life that pinned on the author's attitude towards life.
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The ideological and artistic characteristics of "Peach Blossom Origin": By depicting a beautiful paradise, the author's social ideals are expressed, thus ironifying the darkness of real society. The author yearns for a peaceful, stable, well-being, and affluent social environment: "The land is flat, the houses are like houses, and there are good fields and beautiful ponds of mulberry bamboo. Strange traffic, chickens and dogs smell each other. Yearning for simple interpersonal relations: "Among them, the exchange of works, men and women dressed, like outsiders." Yellow hair hanging down and enjoying himself." This equal system without oppression and exploitation, the beautiful customs of being happy and quiet, simple and generous, and the peaceful life of self-sufficiency and abundant food and clothing have become the paradise of the world that future generations will pursue and call. In terms of writing, "Peach Blossom Origin" writes fictional stories in a documentary way, which is quite interesting. In terms of language, nature is concise and extremely vivid, "the herbs are delicious, the fall is colorful", "the land is flat, the house is like a house", all of which are better than more.
Tao Yuanming has three articles of resignation: "Return to Xi Ci", "Feeling The Soldier Does Not Meet the Endowment", and "Idle Affection Endowment".