In early 1979, Huang Kecheng, then executive secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, was alienating himself from a number of unjust, false and wrongly decided cases in a special historical period with his colleagues. However, when everyone turned to Liang Xingchu's file, some people questioned: Should Liang Xingchu be rehabilitated?
Just when everyone was hesitating, Huang Kecheng held out nine fingers. Because of this initiative, in October 1981, Liang Xingchu was completely rehabilitated and enjoyed treatment according to the full post of the Grand Military Region.
(Huang Kecheng)
So, what do these nine fingers that Huang Kecheng stretched out mean? How did he rehabilitate Liang Xingchu?
Today, this episode tells you about the bumpy life of founding Lieutenant General Liang Xingchu.
(Liang Xingchu)
On August 23, 1913, Liang Xingchu was born into a poor family in The Village of Xiangpi, Luling County, Ji'an Road, Jiangxi. Liang Xingchu played iron for his employer since childhood, and was oppressed in his daily life. In April 1930, when the Red Army arrived in his hometown, the 17-year-old Liang Xingchu threw himself into the ranks of the revolution without hesitation.
After joining the Red Army, Liang Xingchu successively served as squad leader, platoon commander, company commander, company political commissar, battalion commander, and regimental commander in the Red Fourth Army, participated in the Red Army's one to five anti-encirclement and suppression campaigns, and captured the newspaper of the Kuomintang Region during the Red Army's Long March, so that the Central Committee of the Red Army was informed of the revolutionary base areas in northern Shaanxi and made a remarkable contribution to the victory of our army's Long March.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Liang Xingchu successively served as the commander of the Fifth Brigade of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army and the brigade commander of the Independent Brigade of the New Fourth Army, and successively participated in large and small battles such as Pingxingguan, Cuizhuang, and the anti-sweeping of the anti-Japanese revolutionary base area in Shandong.
On the eve of the outbreak of the Liberation War, Liang Xingchu led the Shandong First Division of the New Fourth Army to trek thousands of miles into the three northeastern provinces and served as the commander of the Tenth Column of the Northeast Democratic Coalition Army. In the Liaoshen Campaign, Liang Xingchu commanded the famous "Black Mountain Blockade Battle," which enabled the Ten Columns to hold out for five days and five nights under the attack of the Kuomintang's fierce machine guns and artillery, thus creating favorable conditions for our army to eliminate Liao Yaoxiang's corps.
After the founding of New China, Liang Xingchu served as the commander of the 38th Army of the Chinese Volunteer Army and rushed to the battlefield of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. In the second campaign to resist the United States and aid Korea, Liang Xingchu commanded the troops of the 38th Army, at a speed of more than 70 kilometers in 14 hours, interspersed into Suoli and Longyuanli, launched the Songkuofeng Blockade Battle, blocked the retreating UN troops in the south, and finally annihilated more than 11,000 UN troops.
The unprecedented victory during the Korean War excited Peng Dehuai, who was the commander of the Chinese Volunteer Army at the time, and left the words "Long live the 38th Army" at the end of the commendation telegram, which gave the 38th Army the name of "Long Live the Army". The 38th Army, revered as the "Long Live Army", is the prototype of the unit of "Who is the Loveliest Man" written by the mainland corresponding author Wei Wei.
(38th Army of the Chinese Volunteer Army)
In September 1955, Liang Xingchu, who had made many military achievements, was awarded the rank of lieutenant general, and then served for a long time as commander of the Chengdu Military Region and the Sichuan Provincial Party Committee, guarding the gates of the southwestern border of the mainland.
However, why did such a general, who had made many military achievements and worried about his country all his life, be labeled a "thief ship" in the 1970s?
All this is related to Liang Xingchu's "old superior": Lin Biao.
(Lin Biao)
In February 1930, at the age of 23, Lin Biao was promoted to commander of the Red Fourth Army. Two months later, 17-year-old Liang Xingchu came to join the army and was placed under Lin Biao's command. Since then, Liang Xingchu has formed an indissoluble relationship with Lin Biao. Liang Xingchu was promoted from an ordinary soldier to the commander of the Red Army, and Lin Biao can be said to have witnessed Liang Xingchu's growth all the way.
In 1934, Liang Xingchu followed the large troops of the Red Army and during the Long March, which was also under the command of Lin Biao. When the Red Army passed through Hadapu, Liang Xingchu eliminated the local Nationalist garrison and captured all the horses of the Nationalist Army, and under the orders of Chairman Mao and Lin Biao, the first cavalry reconnaissance unit in the history of the Red Army was formed, which was also under the command of the Red Fourth Army.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in 1937, Liang Xingchu was also in the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army commanded by Lin Biao. During the Battle of Pingxingguan, Liang Xingchu and the 685th Regiment under his command were the first to be the first army of the Pingguan Japanese army to carry bayonets. Liang Xingchu's bravery made Lin Biao very appreciative. Later, after Lin Biao was wounded in the Soviet Union to recuperate, Liang Xingchu was transferred to the New Fourth Army, and the two were separated.
On the eve of the Liberation War, Liang Xingchu led the Shandong Division of the New Fourth Army north into the three eastern provinces, and once again met Lin Biao by mistake, and the two saw each other as they always were. People who are familiar with Lin Biao know that Lin Biao is a person with a cold nature and a decisive way to do things, but Liang Xingchu, a subordinate of Lin Biao, is actually one of the few people who dares to "open conditions" with Lin Biao in person.
When the Northeast Democratic Coalition Army planned to establish the Tenth Column, Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan were ready to make Liang Xingchu the deputy commander of the Tenth Column. After learning the news, Liang Xingchu found Lin Biao and said to him:
"Either you let me be the head of the line, or you let me be the commander of a division under a column, and I'd rather be a chicken head than a cow's tail!"
All along, Lin Biao, who had made a decision not to easily retract it, was hesitating by Liang Xingchu's call. Undecided, he discussed the matter with Luo Ronghuan, who was in charge of political work, and Luo Ronghuan, who was in charge of political work, said: "This person is indifferent to fame and fortune in ordinary days, and he wants to be a commander, in my opinion, not out of personal feelings. ”
And Lin Biao, who watched Liang Xingchu grow up along the way, naturally knew Liang Xingchu's own life, so he said: "Liang Xingchu is born of iron, and good steel must be used on the blade, so let him be the commander!" ”
Facts have proved that this was the correct decision of Lin and Luo: Liang Xingchu, after serving as the commander of the Tenth Column, conquered Dehui and Zhonggu in the autumn exhibition of 1947. During the Liaoshen Campaign in 1948, the Tenth Column successfully blocked the Nationalist troops who had aided Jinzhou from Shenyang to the west. Therefore, Lin Biao dared to give liang Xingchu the Montenegrin defense line that affected whether our army could eat Liao Yaoxiang or not. And Liang Xingchu did not disappoint his old superiors in the end.
Although Liang Xingchu and Lin Biao have been in contact for many years, their feelings are based on business. Lin Biao was well aware that Liang Xing, who came from a blacksmith background, was a man of integrity, so in the 1960s and 1970s, he was never regarded as a confidant in his conspiracy. After the founding of New China, Lin Biao only passed through Sichuan to meet with his old subordinate through Sichuan because of his two inspections, and invited Liang Xingchu to drink tea and watch a movie once.
But what Liang Xingchu did not expect was that because of his two meetings with Lin Biao, it became a disaster in his life. After the September 13 incident, Liang Xingchu was implicated and had no choice but to accept the review. During this period, some people accused Liang Xingchu and others of "betraying the revolution and getting on the thief ship."
However, those familiar with Liang Xingchu knew the character of the lieutenant general, and Ye Jianying spoke for Liang Xingchu first: "Some people say that Liang Xingchu went to Chengdu after some conspiracy instructions, which is not right, this is my suggestion to Chairman Mao to let Liang Xingchu take up a post in Sichuan. To be precise, it was Chairman Mao himself who ordered the general. ”
(Ye Jianying)
After investigation, Liang Xingchu was indeed invited by Lin Biao to "drink tea" and went to see a movie, but as Liang Xingchu said, "I was not the only one who asked Lin to watch the movie that day, he shook hands with me, didn't say anything, and began to play the movie."
When Chairman Mao heard about it, he also thought that Liang Xingchu was innocent, and he pointed at Liang Xingchu and said, "He drank Lin Biao's tea, but he was not Lin Biao's person." ”
During the Long March of the Red Army, Chairman Mao always asked Liang Xingchu to help him find a newspaper. Therefore, Liang Xingchu was also one of the few company-level cadres at that time who could meet Chairman Mao. After many years of getting along, Chairman Mao was very relieved that this general, who was honest and honest, was very reassured.
(Chairman Mao in his later years)
Unfortunately, due to the special historical situation, Liang Xingchu was still treated unfairly: in 1973, Liang Xingchu was dismissed from all posts in the party and the army and sent to work at the Yijing Chemical Factory in Shanxi, which made Liang Xingchu very depressed for a time.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee in 1978, the mainland began to rehabilitate the unjust, false and wrongly decided cases in that period of history, and Liang Xingchu's case was also reviewed. The person who presided over the review work was the founding general who also experienced ups and downs and was born in the Northeast Field Army: Huang Kecheng.
(Huang Kecheng)
In fact, as early as when Huang Kecheng took over the review of Liang Xingchu's case, someone had already "complained" about Liang Xingchu. One of them was Qin Jiwei, who succeeded Liang Xingchu as commander of the Chengdu Military Region. Qin Jiwei was also a tiger general during the Period of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and in the course of dealing with Liang Xingchu, he also knew Liang Xingchu's temperament and disposition, saying:
"There are thick piles of cases about Liang Xingchu, but none of them can prove that Liang Xingchu has any direct connection with the betrayal of the revolution."
(Qin Jiwei)
However, not everyone had the same idea as Qin Jiwei. At the beginning of 1979, a considerable number of people still questioned whether it was appropriate to rehabilitate Liang Xingchu. At the critical moment, Huang Kecheng, who has always been "outspoken and dare to speak" in the army, spoke, but this time he did not say anything, but first extended 9 fingers in front of everyone:
"On Liang Xingchu's body, there are a total of 9 scars. These are all things he left behind during the revolutionary war, just imagine how such a person who has fought for the country and the people can betray the revolution? At least I wouldn't believe it. ”
In the end, the crowd was touched by Huang Kecheng's words and supported Liang Xingchu's rehabilitation. However, due to the complexity of the collation work, it was not until October 1981 that Liang Xingchu was formally reinstated as a member of his reputation and all positions inside and outside the party, and was treated according to the full-time position of the Grand Military Region.
In 1982, the 69-year-old Liang Xingchu was taken to Beijing, and when he saw his former comrade-in-arms, Liang Xingchu could not help but burst into tears, and he had waited for this day for too long and too long. At this time, Ye Jianying proposed that Liang Xingchu be appointed as an adviser to the military region of a certain military region, first, to let Liang Xingchu continue to make suggestions and suggestions for the cause of national defense, and second, to make up for Liang Xingchu's losses in recent years caused by the historical situation in some form.
(Second from the left is Liang Xingchu)
However, Liang Xingchu politely declined Marshal Ye Jianying's invitation: during these years, he was too tired. In his physical condition, he was really unable to hold the post of adviser to the military region of the Grand Military Region. Now he just wants to do his own things in his later years, write memoirs, remember those comrades who died on the battlefield or in hospital beds, and live a good time of his own.
When he learned that it was Huang Kecheng who stretched out nine fingers and said something for himself to be rehabilitated, Liang Xingchu was even more moved, and he sincerely thanked this old comrade-in-arms who was also born in the Northeast Field Army, without him, I am afraid that he would not have his own today, and it would be even more difficult to have such a reputation in history. This made Liang Xingchu more determined to write a memoir in his later years, and integrated his gratitude to his comrades-in-arms and nostalgia for the past into a small book.
(Later Liang Xingchu)
In 1985, Liang Xingchu suffered a heart attack and died at the age of 73. The personal memoir he left for future generations has become an important historical material for today's historians to examine the history of the Northeast Field Army. Although his own life has gone through ups and downs, because of his unswerving faith and outstanding military command strength, he has finally left a brilliant page in the history of the republic.