The vast majority of marine life is limited in distribution, and there are few animals in the world as widely distributed as sperm whales, which occupy all the waters from near the poles to the equator. They are diving champions and are able to sink into the ocean at thousands of meters deep in search of food, which is very rare among marine mammals.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > cetaceans that are widely distributed because of love</h1>
Sperm whale females and males are geographically separated for most of the year, with females and pups living in warm waters below 40° latitude, while males travel to higher latitudes as they age and grow in size. The largest male sperm whales were found near the edge of the Arctic and in the ice floes of the South Pole. In order to mate, male sperm whales must migrate to the tropics, where females are located.
Genetic studies have shown that all sperm whale populations are broadly similar, with mitochondrial DNA inherited only through the mother, suggesting that there are no geographical structural differences in the range of less than one ocean basin. Half of the nuclear DNA is inherited through widely distributed males, while nuclear DNA is more geographically identical, suggesting that there is no clear distinction between sperm whale populations in the ocean, and that whatever differences exist is between marine populations.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > giant beast living in groups</h1>
Speaking of sperm whale life, they live in deep water, often more than 1,000 meters deep, and far from land, and the edge of the continental shelf looks like a good fit for them.
Sperm whales are absolutely gregarious, and their social life is based on their familial communities of about a dozen long-term, closely related females and their pups. Several communities would gather for days to form a group of about a few dozen whales, perhaps to improve the efficiency of predation, or at least to reduce conflicts between different communities feeding in the same area.
Male sperm whales, on the other hand, leave their birth colonies as they approach the age of 6. As males age, they gradually congregate into smaller communities. Mature males rarely combine with other male communities for more than 1 day, but near the beach, males congregate to show that their social relationships have not completely disappeared Other sperm whales may play the role of babysitter in order to attract female sperm whales to join.
Sperm whale pups cannot dive into deep water with the mother whale to feed, and when they are left alone on the surface of the sea, they are vulnerable to shark or killer whale attacks, so the members of the group alternately dive into the water, so that there are some adult sperm whales on the surface of the water. In addition to the public concern between these familial communities, there is strong evidence, although not authoritative, that female sperm whales feed pups that are not her own.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > amazing collective care</h1>
The sperm whale public community protects other adult sperm whales when defending against predators. Sperm whales congregate closely together in a special pattern, with their heads clustered in the center and their bodies spread out like petals, and they also adopt a head-facing formation. The former is a strategy for sperm whales to use their tails for defense, and the latter is a defense strategy for using its upper and lower jaws.
Sometimes, individual sperm whales may even put themselves in danger in order to help their companions. Far away from California, we have observed an incident in which a sperm whale attacked by a killer whale was severely injured by a killer whale that was severely injured by a relatively safe defense mode in order to "rescue" another isolated sperm whale.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > socializing of sperm whales</h1>
Female sperm whales gather at the surface of the water each day to rest or socialize for hours. They sometimes take a posture called a "log" because they are very much like immobile logs at this point. They lie side by side with each other in parallel, or in the water, spinning, rolling, or touching each other. They also perform "jumps", that is, jumps from the water, or shoot the water with their tails, and "jumps between jumps" that only expose the head to the water. The female and cub perform a "jump" or "tail beat" to the best of their ability about an hour. However, "jumps" and "tail beats" always converge into rounds, often coinciding with the start or end time of sea surface social networking.
During social hours, sperm whales often emit "code names", which are old-fashioned, combined strings of sounds that consist of about 3 to 20 ticks, which are easily reminiscent of Morse code, which lasts for 1 to 2 seconds, which can be used as communication, or "dialogue" between individual members. So, when one sperm whale makes a "tick tick tick The two sperm whales emit the same code almost at the same time, forming a "duet" that sounds like an echo. Female groups have their own different instructions, there are nearly 12 common "secret codes", and depending on the region, the code instructions may be the transmission of their culture, passed on by the mother whale and the family community to future generations.
More commonly, sperm whales make precisely spaced echolocation ticking sounds, which are repeated about 2 times per second. There are also instructions that consist of a string of ticks, called "squeaks", because when combined together they become squeaks. These are used in social situations when "coded", or used in hunting, and perhaps to direct potential target prey. The slow ticking sound, which rings approximately every 6 seconds, is characteristic of large male sperm whales in estrus. This slow ticking sound is thought to indicate the appearance and size of a male sperm whale in estrus, its size and health, and can also be used to warn males, attract females, or suggest that other sperm whales assist the vocalizer in echo localization. Sperm whales are distinctly different from other social-type toothed cetaceans, whose sounds consist almost entirely of ticking sounds.
However, there are also some species of sperm whales that are more special, such as the small sperm whale family, which is not as social as the sperm whale family. Baby sperm whales either live alone or in small groups of up to 6 baby sperm whales, while pygmy sperm whales coexist with a group of 10 pygmy sperm whales. Unlike sperm whales, male pygmy sperm whales form small groups with females and their cubs, and also form juvenile groups.
At present, due to the large number of human hunting, sperm whales have been listed as key protection objects by international animal protection organizations.