Whenever I am sick, I will be told from various channels such as parents, relatives, friends, etc. that I need to avoid eating, and I can't eat this! That can't be drunk! Although some practices are not scientific, in fact, the "taboo" is to make the disease get better faster, and we should understand the contraindications of common diseases.
If you do not pay attention to the corresponding dietary taboos when you have different diseases, it is not only not conducive to rehabilitation, but even aggravates the condition.
This article helps you list all the dietary taboos for high blood pressure, diabetes, and gout, and quickly collect it after reading it!
What do people with high blood pressure eat less?
Most patients with hypertension have no specific symptoms, and a small number of people will have headaches, swelling, neck stiffness, and will only occur after mental tension, anger and vigorous physical activity, and most of them will return to normal after rest. However, long-term hypertension may cause harm to the heart, brain, kidneys, and fundus organs and corresponding complications. Therefore, high blood pressure has been called a "silent killer"!
A reasonable diet can prevent the prevention and control and delay the occurrence of hypertensive complications. There is no specific type of food that is forbidden to eat in a reasonable dietary pattern for high blood pressure, but it is strongly recommended to avoid foods that are high in sodium, high in fat, and drinks that cause vasoconstriction and brain excitement. People with high blood pressure need to strictly restrict the following foods:
High sodium salt foods
Sodium is an indispensable constant element in the human body, and plays a role in regulating the water and osmotic pressure in the human body; Maintain acid-base balance; Participate in the production and utilization of energy; Muscle movement; Important physiological effects such as maintaining normal blood pressure and cardiovascular function.
However, many studies have concluded that a long-term high-sodium diet is a major risk factor for hypertension worldwide, and the evidence is grade A. A high-sodium diet can also increase the risk of tumorigenesis such as stomach cancer.
Common foods that are high in sodium are bacon, bacon, ham enemas, pickles, shrimp skin, sea rice, kelp, and some condiments are also very high in sodium, such as soy sauce, monosodium glutamate, oyster sauce, vinegar, bean paste, etc. If these condiments have been added in cooking, the amount of salt must be reduced. It's important to be wary that many processed foods and drinks also contain invisible sodium salts, such as soda biscuits, sodas, beer, etc.
Foods rich in oils and fats, especially animal fats
The oils and fats in food, mainly oils from plants and fats from animals, are triacylglycerides composed of glycerol and fatty acids, and oils, as one of the three major energy-supply nutrients, are closely related to human health.
Studies have shown that the total oil supply ratio of no more than 30% helps to maintain body weight, if the functional ratio drops below 24%, it can reduce blood pressure, under the premise of controlling the total energy supply ratio, increasing the intake of olive oil can reduce blood pressure. Therefore, patients with hypertension should eat less oil, eat good oil, do not eat and eat less animal oil and fatty meat, and reduce the intake of saturated fat.
The cooking method of food will change the content of fat, the fat content of fried fried food will be very high, and you should choose more processing methods such as steaming, stewing, stewing, and baking every day.
Wine, spicy foods and finely processed foods
The high potassium components of wine and other alcoholic beverages and some phytochemicals help maintain normal blood pressure and reduce inflammation, but drinking alcohol in large quantities can increase heart rate, vasoconstriction, increase inflammation, and also promote the deposition of calcium salts, cholesterol, etc. on the walls of blood vessels, resulting in increased blood pressure.
Spicy foods and finely processed foods with low dietary fiber can easily lead to difficulty defecating, and blood pressure rises sharply when defecating forcefully, which may also induce cerebral hemorrhage. Therefore, avoiding excessive intake of alcohol, spicy foods, and fine foods is crucial for people with high blood pressure.
What can't diabetes eat?
The diet of diabetic people, if it can control the total calories, form the following habits, and can live as long as healthy people.
#保证食物多样化
#低脂, low salt, high dietary fiber
#少量多餐
#先吃菜, eat meat again, and finally eat staple food
However, there are many misunderstandings about the dietary taboos for diabetes, and the results of the wrong dietary taboos do not achieve the purpose of making the patient's blood glucose and blood lipids reach or close to normal levels, maintain or achieve the ideal weight, and delay or reduce the occurrence of complications. The diet of diabetics should pay attention to the following contraindications:
Strictly limit added and free sugars
White sugar, brown sugar, rock sugar, sugar cubes, honey, all kinds of candies and sugary drinks belong to the category of added sugar, while fruit juice, dried fructose and glucose belong to free sugar, added sugar, free sugar are pure energy foods that almost do not contain other nutrients, very unsuitable for diabetics to eat, should strictly limit the intake of added sugar, free sugar, unless hypoglycemia occurs.
Reduce the consumption of foods that digest well, absorb quickly, and quickly raise blood sugar after meals
Rice porridge, white bread, noodle steamed buns, soup noodles and almost all Chinese and Western-style pastries, lychee, guiyuan, persimmons, sugar cane, jujube and other fruits that belong to the high glycemic index can quickly raise blood sugar, diabetics should try to reduce or avoid eating.
Cut down on foods high in saturated fat and cholesterol
Animal oil, animal offal, fatty meat and chicken, duck, pig skin and other ingredients are high in saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, and it is recommended that diabetics eat less or not.
What can't I eat with high uric acid?
Hyperuric acid is a metabolic disorder characterized by decreased purine excretion or/and excessive endogenous purine production. If hyperuricemia is not controlled, uric acid deposits in the blood may induce gout after crystal formation. In addition, hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for the development of diabetes, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, and stroke.
Reducing the intake of exogenous purines in the diet and promoting and maintaining the body's appropriate nutritional status can reduce the burden of blood uric acid, reduce the risk of further development of gout and delay the occurrence and development of related complications. In general, the dietary contraindications to high uric acid are to reduce the intake of foods that are high in purines and foods that affect uric acid excretion. The details are as follows:
Avoid a high-purine diet
Livestock and poultry meat, seafood and animal offal, as well as spinach, mushrooms, asparagus and other foods have a high content of purines, and patients with high uric acid should avoid eating. The content of purines in food is as follows: offal> meat> fish> dried beans> nuts> leafy vegetables> cereals > fruits.
Reduces oil intake
Because patients with high uric acid are prone to secondary hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other diseases, the proportion of energy and fat energy supply that needs to be controlled should be reduced by 10%-20% compared with normal people. Therefore, we should try to avoid foods with high fat content and adhere to the cooking habit of less oil.
Do not overeat or eat large amounts of meat in one meal
Seafood, meat and high purine plant foods can reduce the amount of purines after cooking and discarding the soup.
Avoid a high-salt diet
Long-term high-salt diet will increase the burden on the kidneys and affect the excretion of uric acid, so patients should avoid eating foods with high salt content such as sausages, salted fish, and kimchi.
Abstain from alcohol and control fructose intake
Alcohol metabolites in the body inhibit the excretion of uric acid, and excessive fructose intake also reduces uric acid excretion from the kidneys. Alcohol and juice should be avoided as much as possible.
Expert of this article: Li Lize, chief physician of nutrition, member of the science popularization committee of the Chinese Nutrition Society
(Popular Science China)