Beijing News (reporter Ma Jinqian) On August 29, the reporter learned from the Palace Museum that the "Hundred Forms of All Beings - The Palace Museum's Special Exhibition of Calligraphy and Paintings of Past Dynasties (Phase III)" will be exhibited tomorrow, and the special exhibition will be carried out in the Wenhua Hall of The Palace Museum and will end on October 30.
This exhibition is the third phase of the special exhibition of the palace museum's collection of historical figure paintings, and a total of 96 paintings of historical figures and customs in the palace museum's collection are selected for display. In ancient Chinese figure paintings, there are not only Han Chun Yongde that expresses "temple etiquette", "elegant style under the forest", but also there is no shortage of custom paintings depicting the daily hard work and festive joys of the Li people. The gestures of the characters in the painting masterpieces, the smiles and smiles, all present vivid and vivid images of sentient beings and scenes of ancient life.
In conjunction with the exhibition of the third phase of the "Palace Museum's Special Exhibition of Calligraphy of Past Dynasties", the Palace Museum Publishing House published the catalogue of "All Beings and Hundreds of Beings" with the exhibition, and arranged the works into the collection according to the exhibition content, comprehensively showing the exhibition style. "Hundred States of All Beings" contains 105 paintings, including the volume of the Five Dynasties "Zhuo Xie Tu", the Northern Song Dynasty "Spinning Wheel Map" volume, the Southern Song Dynasty "Feng Feng Tu" volume, the Southern Song Dynasty Xia Gui "Snow Stream Grazing Map" page, the Southern Song Dynasty Li Song "Cargo Lang Map" volume, the Song Ren "Hundred Sons Playing Spring Map" page, the Southern Song Dynasty Liu Luzhong "Tian Qi Drunken Return Map" volume, the Yuan Ren "Dragon Boat Capture Map" volume, the Southern Song Dynasty "Spring Travel Late Return Map" page, the Ming Dynasty Zhou Chen "Xia Qi Shi Ze Tu" page, the Ming Dynasty Zhang Ling "Fishing Music Map" axis, the Ming Dynasty Li Shida "Nian Chao Village Qing Tu" axis, the Qing Dynasty Xu Yang "Duanyang Story Map" books and other wonderful paintings. The catalogue also contains the Forbidden City expert paper "It is difficult to draw a picture - the ancient character customs paintings collected by the Palace Museum", which is suitable for reading and appreciation as a popular reading book, and provides reference materials for professionals to study and study.
It is reported that the exhibition was exhibited at the Wenhua Hall of the Palace Museum from August 30 to October 30, 2022. This exhibition is free to visit with the Entrance Ticket to the Forbidden City, but reservation is required. Audiences can make real-name reservations for tickets and exhibitions in the Palace Museum through the "Palace Museum" WeChat Mini Program, and they need to hold a 72-hour nucleic acid test report to enter the hospital, verify the health code, measure body temperature, and brush the IDENTITy documents used when purchasing tickets.
Links: Highlights of exhibits
1. Five Generations of Hu Zhen (Biography) Zhuo Xietu Volume
Silk coloring
Zhuo Xie refers to the ethnic minority car tent to stay and rest, this picture depicts the scene of the ethnic minority tribe Zhuo Xie during the journey. Tribal chiefs sat on felt to feast and drink, sergeants and servants rested on their horses and on the mat, and there were songs and dances in front of the felt. The upper echelons of the tribe often wear scarves, there are also those with high crowns on the left, ordinary people have many hair, the clothes are round necks, tight sleeves, and belted boots, which is a typical style of integration of Khitan tribal costumes and Han costumes in the Liao Dynasty. This diagram technique is exquisite, the style is high, and it is a representative work that expresses the life of the northern ethnic groups in the Song and Yuan dynasties.
This figure was painted by the fifth generation of Khitan painters Hu Wan, Hu Wan (born and died unknown), ju Fanyang (present-day Hebei). Hu Hu and his son Hu Qianju were good at painting Fanbu Ren riding, and the Xuanhe Pictorial Notation recorded 65 works by Hu Wan, all of which have been published. This work was written by Gao Shiqi in the early Qing Dynasty's "Records of Jiangcun Pinxia", and later included in the Qing Gaozong Inner Province.
2. Song Ren "Spinning Wheel Diagram" volume
Silk coloring
Spinning wheels are tools that use manpower to extend silk, hemp and other objects, and have a long history in the mainland. This painting of a village woman spinning thread scene. Predecessors discussed this painting on the study of the fifth generation of Southern Tang Dynasty painter Zhou Wenjie "war stroke", thin lines, multi-fold pen, light and elegant color, childish hair play toad, with auspicious meaning. Spinning wheel production is based on the family as a unit, and gradually evolved into the "silk map" paradigm with beautiful meaning. Once the Southern Song Dynasty Jia Xiangdao, Yuan Zhao Mengfu and others handed it to Tibet. Behind the canvas are Qing Liu Xuan, Lu Xinyuan and the modern Zhang Daqian inscription.
Although this figure is not the original handiwork of the Northern Song Dynasty King Juzheng, it is actually the handiwork of the Yuan people, but it is an artistic masterpiece that reflects the living conditions of male cultivators and female weavers in ancient China, and has high artistic and historical value.
3. Southern Song Dynasty Ma Hezhi (Biography) Volume of "Feng Feng Tu"
Silk coloring
Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty loved Ma Hezhi's paintings, and every time he recorded a poem in the Book of Poetry, he ordered Ma Hezhi to accompany the picture. This is a facsimile. This exhibition only shows the "July" part of the scroll that is closely related to customs. "Feng Feng July" is a poem depicting the agricultural activities of the early Western Zhou Dynasty, this picture selects some scenes of poetry, draws them in one, and skillfully arranges different scenes, separated by trees and stones. The characters are elegant and elegant, the lower pen and the closing pen are thinner, the middle ring is thicker, and the penmanship is handsome and elegant, rich in change. Its houses do not seek detail, the tree stones use thick brushes to outline the shape, and the leaves use double hooks, slightly rendered, not similar. In the paintings with the theme of "July", the painter not only adopts the peasant life expressed in it, but more importantly, the vision of the ancient simple folk style and the taiping rule of the world.
Ma Hezhi (born and died unknown) was a native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Waiter of the Ministry of Official Works. Good at painting landscapes and people. The character teacher Wu Daozi, quite ancient rhyme, and created "Orchid Leaf Painting" by himself, which had a great influence on the character paintings of later generations.
4. Southern Song Dynasty Xia Gui "Snow Creek Grazing Map" page
Silk coloring
This page is selected from the fourth opening of the second volume of the "Song and Yuan Collection", which depicts the scene of farmers grazing in the snow, using silk as snow, light colors to render the sky and streams, a few old trees on the shore of Pishiya, farmers and cattle although they are simply outlined with a thin pen, but they have a difficult walk.
Xia Gui (born and died unknown), Yi Zuo Jue, character Yu Yu, a native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang. During the Southern Song Dynasty (1195-1224), Emperor Ningzong of the Southern Song Dynasty was a painting academy to be edicted, and was given a golden belt, which was equally famous as Ma Yuan, and was known as "Ma Xia". Li Tang changed between the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, making good use of ink, brush strokes Canggu, and ink breathing. Snowscape study Northern Song Dynasty Fan Kuan. Composition often takes the lower frame of the picture, known as "Summer Half", and the Southern Song Dynasty Painting Academy has been unsurpassed since Li Tang.
5. Southern Song Dynasty Li Song "Cargo Lang Tu" volume
Silk coloring
Cargo lang is a mobile vendor selling daily necessities and food along the streets in rural areas and cities, which is the product of the development of the commodity economy. The "Cargo Lang Map" that appeared during the Northern Song Dynasty depicts this economic activity. This painting depicts the scene of the mother and the cheering children coming to the village when the cargo lang enters the village, which is full of rich life atmosphere. From the handwriting on the shelves, it can be seen that the cargo man is also a feng shui master, writing documents, reciting the Immortal Scriptures and other things. The painter outlines with a thin brush and applies light colors, the child's look is innocent, the happy and urgent mood jumps on the paper, and there are many items on the shelves, but the stroke is not chaotic, reflecting the exquisite skills of the painter.
The author signed "Jiading Xin Wei Li Congshun Male Song Painting", that is, this picture was made in 1211. This painting has the imperial inscription of Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty: "Shouldering heavy burdens, that is tired, snatching children to protect them." Mo Xiao Lang lang is already very stupid, and no one in the world is like a fool. 癸巳仲春下浣御題。 "钤"石渠宝笈", "Imperial Study Room Treasure Collection" and other inner house treasure seals.
Li Song (1166-1243), a native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang. The adopted son of li Congxun, a painter of the academy, during the Southern Song Dynasty, he was a painter of the academy. Good at painting folk customs, characters, Taoist interpretations, especially fine boundary painting.
6. Song Ren Page of "Hundred Sons playing in the spring"
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The theme of the baby play is children's play, focusing on its innocence, which is an important part of ancient genre painting. The paintings convey a relaxed and festive atmosphere, the picture is vivid, the form is interesting, and can be combined with the image of the zodiac, auspicious artifacts and other images, implying that there are many children and many blessings, and the heirs are long, giving people good expectations.
This picture is selected from the fourth opening of the "Four Dynasties Selection of Algae and Heng Book", the old title "Su Hanchen Hundred Sons Frolicking Spring", which was actually made for the Song people to impersonate Su Hanchen. The picture depicts many young children playing scenes, including imitation of adult ancient appreciation, hand talk, Buddhist worship activities, but also climbing, kite flying, puppet play and other entertainment activities, vivid pictures, rich details, bright colors, coordinated proportions of children, and a peaceful atmosphere.
The imperial inscription of emperor Gaozong Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty reads: "Spring Garden Wind and Mist Theater, Vicious Head Horn General Guizhang." Ask him where the powder book came from, and it should be in chapter 5 of the Lu Treatise." Plutonium "Treasure of the Eight Signs of Immortality" and "Treasure of the Emperor Taishang" and other seals.
7. YuanRen "Dragon Boat Capture Map" volume
Ink pen on silk
According to legend, dragon boat racing is related to Qu Yuan, or originates from the ancient customs of Wuyue and other places, and it is a very popular water frolic activity in ancient times. The former site of Jin Mingchi was excavated in the later Zhou Dynasty in present-day Kaifeng, Henan, and was large-scale repaired in the second year of the Taiping Revival of the Northern Song Dynasty (977), and was the royal pond garden of the Northern Song Dynasty. The emperor often taught water troops here, held dragon boats to win the championship, feasted and other activities. Every year from March 1 to April 8 of the lunar calendar, Jin Ming Pond and Qionglin Garden are opened, allowing tourists to enter and leave freely.
This depicts the scene of the Northern Song Court holding a dragon boat to win the bid at Jinmingchi, which is a microcosm of the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The court of the Northern Song Dynasty generally held dragon boat water frolic activities in March, which is described in more detail in the Tokyo Dream Record. The paintings in the picture are exquisite, purely painted in white, showing the magnificence of the palace garden and dragon boats, in addition to games such as water swings, there are small dragon boats, flying fish boats, loach boats, etc. in the pool, which is a grand view. Although the characters in the picture are small, they are numerous, and the forms and actions are diverse, or racing, or juggling in the water, or performing music, or standing, the details are rich and sufficient.
8. Ming Zhou Chen,"Xia Qi Shi Ze Tu" page
Silk coloring
This selection is from the eighth opening of the "Four Dynasties Selection of Algae and Zhen Book", showing the scene of the summer rain falling sharply and the farmer returning home in a hurry. The characters in the picture are concise in line, but the mood is vivid, the slope stone of The Shore is used to "axe split", the pen is strong, the leaves of the field are meticulously painted, and the scenery is empty, making the viewer feel like they are in the smoke and rain. At the bottom left of the canvas, there is the author's inscription "Dongcun Zhouchen" and the white text print of "Zhouchen Yin".
The imperial inscription of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty: "On the fifth day of the summer, the scenery of The village of Zedong was in view. Leak-proof is in a hurry, strike and look at the car. Runyang desert is thick and long, and wild trees are far away from the beach. Those who still have grievances and have not yet been satisfied, have known the difficulties for Jun Zhou early."
Zhou Chen (born and died unknown), courtesy name Shunqing, was a native of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. He was a professional painter who was active in the early periods of Ming Zhengde (1506-1521) and Jiajing (1522-1566). His pen and ink are based on the Southern Song Dynasty Li Tang and Ma Yuan, and also the teacher dai jin in the Ming Dynasty, the landscape gorge is deep and thick, the characters have ancient faces and strange makeup, and there is a pale color, but it is suspected of lacking xiao shanyuan's interest. In the "Four Houses of Wumen", Tang Yin and Qiu Ying both went out of their doors.
9. Ming Zhang Ling "Fishing Music Map" axis
Pen and paper
The picture depicts the fisherman's drinking scene in his spare time, the boat berths at the end of the water, the willow leaves flutter, the fisherman drinks for fun, and life is full of fun. The characters are dressed in simple patterns, their eyebrows are clearly conveyed, the mountain stones are "axe splitting", the pen and ink are smooth and vigorous, and the bamboo branches and grass leaves are sketched with rapid brush strokes, which has both the "Zhejiang School" style, which is quite the painter's wild temperament.
The author's self-title: "The mood of the fishing water is strong, and the gull wave is leisurely." Fish for wine and drunkenness, bright moon reed flowers full of boats. Dream Jin Zhang Ling painting and title". The two seals of "Zhang Ling's Seal" and "Dream Jin". This picture is collected by the Qingnei Province, and there are prints such as "Shiqu Baodi", "Sanxitang Jingjian Seal", "Imperial Study Room Treasure Collection" and so on.
Zhang Ling (active from the second half of the 15th century to the beginning of the 16th century), zi Mengjin, a native of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Zhang Shi was a famous scholar in Wuzhong, his family was poor, his early years were not famous, he was not inhibited, he was drunk and wild, he once wrote a hundred poems after getting drunk, and he did it instantly. He studied under Zhu Yunming, who was close to Tang Yin and was also friendly, and once played a beggar with Tang Yin in the snow to sing "Lotus Fall", and the money he earned was sold to drink wine. Zhang Lingshan bamboo stones, flowers and birds, painting characters with ancient costumes, halal elegance, no humble atmosphere, and the landscape is also good.
The pictures in this article are provided by the Palace Museum
Edited by Liu Xixian
Proofread by Liu Yue