Cover news reporter Li Yuxin
"The light-colored shirt is as light as fog, and the spinning gauze is thinner than the clouds. Don't be light but know, you are afraid of Tongzhou hot killing Jun. During the Yuan and Tang Dynasties, when the poet Yuan Shu was demoted to Sima of Tongzhou, his friend Bai Juyi was worried that Tongzhou was overheating, and once sent a set of light gauze raw clothes to Yuan Shu. From the description in the poem, we can see how light and breathable this set of clothes is, heat-reducing and cool.
"It's a three-volt day, and the weather is hot as soup." In the poems written by Bai Juyi, we can see the "power" of the hot three-volt day for people. Especially in ancient times, when there was no air conditioning and fans, people wanted to escape the heat, in addition to "calm and natural cool", naturally there are other ways to spend this seemingly long and boundless bitter summer. And light clothing has become the choice of the ancients to survive the three volt days.
Plain gauze single dress
The brocade five-fold is still light and cool
"The pool of the East Gate can be made of hemp." Pi Mei Shu Ji, can be sung with the song. "In the "Poetry Sutra : The Pool of the East Gate", you can see the beautiful girl and the young man in the labor of soaking hemp and washing hemp, and the scene of relying on the song and the scene. In the poem, there is also a long-established textile in China, the xiabu.
Xiabu, referring to the linen cloth spun from ramie as a raw material, is one of the oldest textiles in China. Ancient history says: "The ancients first clothed with a ramie, cotton entered China without a beginning, and the ancients had nothing to do." All the cloth is ramie, crowned from the top and served with grass on the bottom. "Before cotton was introduced to China, silk production was scarce, so the summer cloth made of ramie became the main textile that could be worn by the princes and nobles down to the common people.
In fact, the so-called shabu at present was called sackcloth for a long time in ancient times. According to folk legend, the reason why linen is called xiabu is because it is breathable and thin, and it is suitable for wearing in summer. "Tender white and even, passing in all directions, merchants spoke." A good summer cloth can not only be light and thin enough to rival silk fabrics, but also more white than snow.
"Lotus Picking Summer Map"
In addition to the shabu made of ramie, in ancient times, it was also made of the stem fiber of the plant kudzu, commonly known as the shabu. The poet Du Fu once wrote a poem "Dragon Boat Day Gifts", which wrote: "Palace clothes are also famous, and the Dragon Boat Festival is honored." Fine kudzu contains wind and soft, and the snow is light. "The gebu is as soft as the wind, and as light as the snowflakes stacked together, which shows the lightness of the garment." In addition, Bai Juyi's "Summer Works" also wrote: "The clothes are sparse and single, and the gauze hat is light and wide." A coat and a hat can pass a hot day. ”
When it comes to lightness, it is natural that there can be no yarn. In the Mawangdui Han Tomb, a plain gauze cicada coat has been unearthed, which as a work of the peak period of textile technology in the Western Han Dynasty, is talked about as a weight of less than 50 grams, which is described as "light as smoke", which is most appropriate. It is conceivable that such clothes are naturally extremely cool and without the slightest burden.
In the ancient literature, there is also a story of "five-fold brocade". When an Arab businessman met with Tang Dynasty officials, he noticed that under the gauze clothes worn by the other party, the moles on his chest could still be seen, and he was amazed and asked, how can he wear two layers of gauze and still penetrate? The official laughed and asked the merchant to look closer, and it turned out that the yarn he was wearing was not two layers, but five layers.
Song Dynasty "Acacia Shade Summer Map"
The upper body of the pearl shirt is cool and bone-piercing
In addition to ordinary clothing, the ancients also had some "magical" inventions. For example, when the heat is unbearable, in order to facilitate perspiration, the ancients specially made a kind of clothing for heat dissipation and cooling, called "sweat jacket". It is reported that this kind of "sweat jacket" is a bamboo coat strung together with small single-branched bamboo pipes to form a network. Before wearing the outer garment, people wear this garment close to the body, which can better isolate sweat, breathe and facilitate perspiration.
Even the wealthy in the family can also wear a "pearl shirt" made of pearls. In the "Yu Shi Mingyan" written by Feng Menglong at the end of the Ming Dynasty, there is a volume of "Jiang Xingge Reunion Pearl Shirt", which writes that Wang Sanqiao secretly gave Chen Dalang a "pearl shirt", describing the object as "cool and penetrating through the bones if worn by him in the summer".
Not only the things worn, but also the shoes of the ancients are quite exquisite. A sentence "Bamboo cane and mango shoes are lighter than horses, who is afraid?" A cloud of smoke and rain allows you to live a peaceful life", in one of Su Shi's poems "Fixing the Wind and Waves", you can see his open-minded and free attitude towards life. But if you taste it carefully, the "mangshoe" in the text is actually a good thing for summer travel. Mango shoes, that is, grass shoes woven from the leaves or rods of plants, are light and cool, and are a common thing for literati to travel far. The Song dynasty Wu Fu also wrote: "Idle on the lake to find cool, bamboo sticks and shoes grow wildly." "It can be seen that this bamboo cane and mango shoes are indeed a cool thing in summer."
"There are no three days in the summer, and the new cool is straight." Seeing that the summer heat has come, the summer heat will gradually fade, and the coolness of early autumn is already on the way. Although there is still a possibility of the arrival of the "autumn tiger", the increasing autumn intention is unstoppable, and it will soon be the day of the "ambush", and it is ready to say goodbye to the high temperature of the three-volt day.
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