In August, saihan dam, there are endless forest seas, magnificent grasslands, vast wetlands, clear lakes... The eyes are full of stunning scenery. It is known as "the source of water, the home of clouds, the world of flowers, the ocean of forests, and the paradise of birds and beasts" here.
In the past 60 years, Saihanba has experienced the vicissitudes of changing the wasteland into a forest sea and the sandy land into an oasis, and now it has excavated "gold" from the forest sea and oasis, creating considerable economic benefits. Behind this is the dedication and perseverance of generations of Saihanba people, who interpret the concept that green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains with practical actions, and cast the saihanba spirit of keeping in mind the mission, hard work and green development.
In the theme interview activity of "Promoting the Spirit of Saihanba • Green Development in Hebei" held from August 8 to 12, the reporter went deep into the Saihanba Mechanical Forest Farm, Yudaokou Ranch Management Area, Weichang Manchu Mongol Autonomous County and other places in Hebei to explore the local green ecological development and pursue the "Saihanba Spirit" flowing in the blood of saihanba people.
Saihanba forest resources.
24 years of protection, in exchange for a million acres of forest and sea peace
Driving from chengde city into Saihanba, the temperature dropped by 7 degrees Celsius, and along the way, the forest sea is green, the grass is green, the cattle and sheep are flocked, and the scenery is beautiful. Seeing such a scene, it is difficult to think of the former Saihan Dam, which is actually a desert sandy land with "yellow sand covering the sky and birds without perching trees".
Saihan Dam is located in the northernmost part of Hebei Province, the southern edge of the HunshandakSha land of the Inner Mongolia Plateau, and is one of the birthplaces of the two major river systems of the Luan River and the LiaoHe River. The term "Saihanba" is a Mongolian-Chinese word meaning "beautiful high ridge". Historically, this area was densely forested and abundant in water and grass, and was an important part of the "Mulan Paddock" during the Qing Dynasty, often holding the Mulan Autumn Fox (a large-scale hunting activity unique to the Qing Dynasty).
By 1949, however, the primeval forests of Saihanba had become vast wastelands, unable to stop the wind and sand from invading the hunshandak sands. Some people figuratively say that if this nearest source of sand to Beijing cannot be stopped, it is like "standing on the roof and raising sand to the courtyard."
60 years ago, in order to maintain water and soil and change the wind and sand hazards in the Beijing-Tianjin belt, the state decided to establish a large state-owned forest farm in the northern part of Hebei. After three generations of forest builders, today's Saihan Dam has come today: the total operating area is 1.4 million mu, the forest land area is 1.151 million mu, the forest accumulation is 10.368 million cubic meters, and the forest coverage rate is 82%.
At the top of the mountain in different locations of the Saihanba Mechanical Forest Farm, there are 9 man-made Wanghai Towers, which are an important post for fire prevention in the Saihanba Forest, which is called "Husband and Wife Wanghai Tower", because the lookouts here are usually served by husband and wife, Liu Jun, Wang Juan and his wife are one of them.
Moon Mountain Lookout Sea Tower.
On the 3rd floor of the Wanghai Building on Moon Mountain, there is the office area of Liu Jun and his wife, and a telephone, a record book, a pen and a telescope by the window are the tools they use to look. Every year in the spring and autumn fire emergency period, they have to be stationed at the Wanghai Tower, reporting the observation situation every 15 minutes during the day, and reporting every hour from 9 p.m. to 6 o'clock in the morning, so day after day, year after year.
The telescope used by Mr. and Mrs. Liu Jun.
"In the past, the conditions were relatively difficult, the traffic was inconvenient, and the draft was difficult, but now they have been improved." Wang Juan told reporters that she and her husband Liu Jun originally worked as forest rangers, and later worked as lookouts in two Wanghai Towers, which has been more than 24 years. "Looking at this forest sea, I feel very happy and very accomplished." Wang Juan said with a smile.
Nowadays, although the Wanghai Tower of Saihan Dam is equipped with automated infrared monitoring and communication equipment. But Liu Jun said that because the machine has dead ends and is easy to misreport, artificial lookout is still irreplaceable, "We will continue to stick to our posts and guard the safety of Lin Hai." ”
Liu Jun and Wang Juan.
Three generations of relay, open a new journey of "secondary entrepreneurship" in the forest farm
In Saihanba, a pair of "Wanghailou couples" like Liu Jun and his wife still silently insisted, providing a solid guarantee for the safety of forest fire prevention in the forest farm. At the same time, a group of forest farm builders are also silently contributing to the green development of forest farms.
The Shanghai Memorial Forest located in the Saihanba Mechanical Forestry Farm commemorates the exploits of Wang Shanghai and other entrepreneurs of the older generation: 60 years ago, Wang Shanghai, then the first party secretary of the Saihanba Mechanical Forestry Farm, took his family to take root in Saihanba and led the workers to plant 540,000 acres of greenery for 13 years.
Shanghai Memorial Forest.
Nowadays, Saihanba has emerged more "Lin Second Generation" and "Lin Third Generation", and Liu Xinyang, a post-90s technician, is one of the "Lin Three Generations", because her parents are "Lin Second Generation", she grew up in the forest farm since she was a child, so after graduating from the master's degree, she did not choose to stay in the city development, but devoted herself to the cause of Forest Protection of Saihanba.
As a technician, Liu Xinyang has work tasks all year round, in spring and summer to attack afforestation, carry out technical guidance, lay out sample land, autumn and winter to inventory the wood into storage. "Winter is a tough time when it snows, the snow does not exceed the knees, the temperature is minus thirty or forty degrees Celsius, you have to wear thick clothes and wear rubber gloves to work." Liu Xinyang said.
Despite the difficult working conditions, Liu Xinyang enjoyed it, and she knew every grass and tree, flower and bird in the forest farm: "In recent years, there have been more wild animals in the forest, and you can often see roe deer, pheasants, gray cranes, swans, badgers, wild boars, etc., indicating that the quality of the forest in Saihanba is getting better and better." ”
Wild boar.
Black lyre chicken.
After 60 years of construction, today's Saihan Dam has built a solid green barrier, forests and wetlands conserve 284 million cubic meters of water per year, the frost-free period has increased from 52 days to 64 days, and the average number of windy days per year has been reduced from 83 days to 53 days.
In terms of economic benefits, the operating income of forest farm owners reached 2.64 billion yuan, mainly from forest care and utilization of log products, engineering afforestation and landscaping seedlings, eco-tourism and other aspects. Among them, in terms of eco-tourism, the forest farm has continuously strengthened the construction of natural protected areas through the construction of national forest parks and national nature reserves, and has created 18 scenic spots such as Qixing Lake, Saihan Pagoda, Liangbingtai and Mulan Qiuhu Garden.
Forest within the Qixing Lake Wetland Reserve.
Qixing Lake Wetland Conservation Area is a major "net red attraction" in the tourist season. Here, tourists walk leisurely on the boardwalk, sometimes stop and look out, sometimes take photos to "punch in", and are overwhelmed by the scenery in front of them: the gentle autumn wind blows the grass, the mountains and green forests surround the surrounding, and within the 1 million square meters of wetlands, there are 7 natural lakes of different sizes and shapes, overlooking the sky like the Seven Stars of the Big Dipper.
Qixing Lake Wetland Reserve.
Chen Zhiqing, director of saihanba mechanical forest farm, said that today, Saihanba is fully opening a new journey of "secondary entrepreneurship", and it is expected that by 2030, the forest area of the forest farm will reach 1.2 million mu, the forest accumulation will reach 16 million cubic meters, and the forest coverage rate will reach 86%. "Hard work is the essence of generations of Saihanba, and green development is our further pursuit." SaihanBa must do a good job in green development today. Chen Zhiqing said.
Cleverly shaped, the price of a single tree can be doubled by 30 times
The ecology is good, and the road to development is also wider. Over the years, the green development concept of Saihanba has also influenced the development path of surrounding villages. In Hariha Village, Hariha Town, Hariha Town, a paddock of Saihanba Mechanical Forest Farm adjacent to Saihanba, a good ecological forest has also become the largest benefit resource in the local area.
In the 1970s, many villagers in Hariha Village went to Saihan Dam to participate in afforestation and brought back the afforestation techniques they learned to the village, setting off a variety of afforestation booms in the village. At present, the forest area of the whole village has reached 23,000 mu, the forest coverage rate has reached 78%, the conservative valuation of forests is 100 million yuan, and the annual income is 400,000 yuan through scientific inter-cutting.
In the past few days, Zhang Yi, a 65-year-old villager in Hariha Village, is busy modeling pine trees, watching the seedlings in front of him take shape little by little on his hands. "Mastering a craft, it is quite easy to do this work, as long as you build a tree can produce great value, both ornamental value and high price." The shape pine I made can sell for up to 8,000 yuan! Zhang Yi said.
Staff are styling pine trees.
"After exquisite shape, the price of seedlings can be increased by more than 30 times." Liu Yang, secretary of the county party committee of Weichang Manchu Mongol Autonomous County, introduced that taking oil pine, sassafras pine and other tree species as an example, the price of a single plant of 1.5 meters in 4 years is 15 yuan, the price of 5 meters per plant in 10 years is 800 yuan, the price of a single plant of shaped pine is 4,000 to 10,000 yuan, and then cultivated for 3-5 years, and a single plant can reach 30,000-50,000 yuan.
By the end of 2021, the total area of the paddock seedling industry base is 122,000 mu, the business entities engaged in the production of seedlings reach 1,056, the stock of seedlings is 630 million, the annual sales of various types of seedlings are more than 90 million, the output value is more than 700 million yuan, the income provided by the seedling industry accounts for more than 12% of the per capita net income of farmers in the county, and the average household income has reached 5,000 yuan to 10,000 yuan.
The price of a single plant can sell for tens of thousands of yuan.
Today, through the implementation of the "Seedling Industry Value Doubling Plan", Weichang County is actively cultivating and developing the "Modeling Pine" industry, carrying out a series of activities and competitions such as the "Magnolia Pine" Horticultural Landscape Competition and the Works Display Competition, cultivating thousands of local modeling skills talents, establishing a thousand acres of "Modeling Pine" base, and realizing the transformation of the county's seedling industry from selling saplings to selling garden services, selling landscapes, and selling creativity.
[Reporter] Chen Wei
【Photography】 Chen Wei
【Author】 Chen Wei
【Source】 Southern Press Media Group South + client