Yang Hongsheng, a member of the Qingdao Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, | hot spot of the two sessions: to build a "Chinese core" and build a world-class seed industry center

Yang Hongsheng, member of the Qingdao Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and executive deputy director of the Institute of Oceanography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has always been concerned about the development of Qingdao's marine fisheries industry, and at this meeting, he brought a proposal on accelerating the construction of Qingdao's aquatic seed industry system.

Yang Hongsheng introduced, at present, China's aquatic seed industry has formed a certain scale, Qingdao also attaches great importance to the selection of aquatic seeds and the development of modern aquatic seed industry, determined to build an aquatic seedling science and technology research and development center, proposed that by 2022, aquatic seedling research and development and breeding capacity to improve, "research and development - pilot - promotion" seedling system is basically completed, Qingdao will become a national aquatic seedling science and technology research and development center.

But we also face some problems. Yang Hongsheng pointed out that first of all, the protection of germplasm resources is imminent, and due to the comprehensive impact of various factors such as social and economic development, ecological environment destruction, overfishing, etc., aquatic germplasm resources in natural waters have decreased sharply. As of 2019, there are only 86 national aquatic origin breeding farms, and there are very few seed enterprises with core competitiveness, the lack of scientific protection of germplasm resources, the relative dispersion of funds, technical forces and talent teams, the strength of seed industry enterprises is generally weak, and the same is true of Qingdao aquatic origin farms, such as Qingdao's most important economic species - imitation ginseng, which has also been included in the Red List of Endangered Species by the World Conservation Union. Therefore, the conservation of wild germplasm resources is urgent.

Second, some of the sources of seed industry are subject to people. Yang Hongsheng said that some of the original seeds in the seed industry rely heavily on imports. With the rapid development of the domestic aquaculture industry, the demand for fry has increased significantly, and the price of introducing parents has also increased year by year, but the import quality is unstable, and it is in a bad cycle of "introduction → maintenance → degradation → re-introduction", the perfect "breeding-breeding-pushing" system is difficult to build, and it is difficult to achieve sustained and efficient production and promotion and application of the seed industry.

Third, the research on the selection and breeding of fine seeds is disconnected from the industry. The early breeding of fine varieties was mainly led by scientific research institutions, and the market influence of new varieties was limited. At present, there are still few enterprises implementing breeding work, insufficient technological innovation in breeding engineering, imperfect breeding theory and technical system, etc., and the main role of enterprises and technological innovation are not really played, and the research on breeding of good seeds is disconnected from the industry.

Finally, new breeding technologies need to be broken through. The basic biological research on economic traits such as growth, development and stress resistance of important farmed animals needs to be further deepened. The basic work such as the evaluation and utilization of germplasm resources and the construction of breeding materials is weak, and the molecular breeding theory and technology suitable for the characteristics of many descendants of aquatic organisms and high genetic polymorphisms still need to be developed, and the seedling breeding technology of some valuable breeding species needs to be developed urgently.

In view of the above problems, Yang Hongsheng put forward several suggestions on promoting the construction of the aquatic seed industry system. Yang Hongsheng said that it is necessary to build a pool of original (good) various quality resources, strengthen the technological innovation ability of the seed industry with enterprises as the mainstay, give full play to the original innovation ability of scientific research institutes in the field of seed industry, formulate standards and norms for the aquatic seed industry, significantly increase the coverage rate and market share of fine seeds, build a modern aquatic seed industry center, and realize the leapfrog development of the city's aquatic seed industry.

First of all, it is necessary to build a resource bank of original (good) various qualities. Yang Hongsheng said that good seed farms are the basis for establishing the diversification of breeding varieties, and the original seed farms are an important measure to ensure the germplasm safety of biological resources in the waters. According to the "Measures for the Qualification and Acceptance of National Aquatic Origin and Fine Seed Farms", the national original fine seed farms should be prepared in areas that meet the conditions, and the construction, transformation and upgrading of the original fine seed farms at the provincial level should be actively promoted, and the number of original fine seed farms should be increased. Second, it is necessary to give play to the core role of technological innovation of enterprises. Yang Hongsheng said that through the close combination of "production, learning and research", guiding large seed enterprises to actively participate in the selection and breeding of fine seeds and cultivating front-line breeding practitioners and technicians in production is an important measure to effectively improve the coverage rate of fine aquaculture seeds. Third, it is necessary to give play to the original driving role of colleges and universities. We should advocate the mode of combining "production, learning and research", encourage scientific researchers to use new technologies and new theories for production practice, participate in the formulation of relevant technical standards for the selection and breeding of good seeds, and establish an efficient breeding model for characteristic varieties; make full use of the talent advantages, equipment advantages and information advantages of colleges and universities to train technical backbones for seed production and breeding enterprises, and realize the full integration of technology, talents and industries. In addition, germplasm quality monitoring and assurance capacity needs to be enhanced. Yang Hongsheng pointed out that it is necessary to prepare for the establishment of functional laboratories such as disease and environmental regulation, feed nutrition, breeding technology and equipment, product quality testing, etc. of the aquatic seed industry, apply modern computer technology and information technology, and establish a computer information platform and breeding database integrating parental management, seedling breeding, trait determination, quality testing, disease prevention and control, and production and trading, so as to realize the information management of the seed industry production process and the traceability of the Internet of Things of products.

Yang Hongsheng believes that our goal is to build the world's first-class seed industry center. Construct the original (good) resource bank of various qualities, and on this basis, establish a new model of integrated development of the whole industrial chain that integrates the creation and technology of germplasm creation, the standardization of production demonstration, the informatization of technical support, and the intellectualization of science education, drive the benign and rapid development of China's aquatic seed industry, realize the globalization of seed industry transactions, the electronicization of business, and the internationalization of academic exchanges, create the "Chinese core" of the aquatic seed industry, and build a world-class aquatic seed industry center.

(Reporting by Wang Liping, Liu Xiaoxiao, Xiao Lingling, Bai Xiao, and Bai Xiao, reporters of the public newspaper)