Hundreds of pigs infected with African swine fever have been found in 11 townships in Vietnam, how can it be prevented?

Authorities in Vietnam's Bo Liao province have just found hundreds of pigs infected with African swine fever in 11 townships in 4 districts and quickly destroyed them.

According to the Boliao Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, since the beginning of 2022, a total of 662 pigs infected with African swine fever have been destroyed in 75 livestock households in 33 villages in 11 townships and towns in the province's Heping District.

When African swine fever was found to be re-emerging sporadically in some places, veterinary departments have taken urgent steps to localize the outbreak and avoid large-scale spread across the country.

In addition, communes, townships and towns are instructed to mobilize pig breeding, slaughtering, and trading pig households not to buy, sell, and transport live pigs in epidemic areas, not to discharge dead pigs into the environment, and not to buy breeding pigs from other places that have not passed quarantine.

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Characteristics of the spread of African swine fever

1. In summer, due to the rapid reproduction of various mosquitoes, flies, ticks, rats and snakes, it is conducive to the spread of non-plague. Originally is the season of the spread of various diseases, non-plague virus is no exception, through flies, mosquitoes, rats, etc. spread, mosquitoes and flies infected by infecting pig farms after contaminating feces containing viruses, dead pigs, pork, not only through the infection of non-plague pigs, but also through people to buy non-plague virus pork, can also spread, is why pig farms to stay away from the crowd, on the one hand to reduce odor pollution, on the one hand to reduce disease infection.

2. Frequent personnel activities in summer, people have wide contact with people, and it is easy to spread non-plague. For example, feed distribution personnel, pig acquisition personnel, lean meat sellers, pork specialty clerks, as well as restaurant cooks, side vegetable cutters, etc., may be exposed to pigs and pork with non-plague virus, indirectly carrying non-plague virus, so pig farms, strictly unrelated personnel in and out of the pig farm, there must be strict sanitize measures, their own control does not buy market pork, contact with high-risk personnel, timely disinfection, pig farms should have special overalls, as far as possible to cut off the non-plague virus brought by human factors.

Pathogenesis of African swine fever

1. Different pigs have different diseases. The first is that older pigs will have the first onset of the disease, sows will have the disease first, followed by the onset of the disease after the nursery pigs, piglets, and middle pigs, and the unanited suckling pigs will have fewer diseases, or the disease will occur after the **. Sow onset is postpartum sow, empty pregnant sow is the ** predisposed disease, followed by pregnant sows after the onset of disease, according to the symptoms of the disease and the incidence of the pig herd to determine whether non-plague occurs.

2. After the onset of non-plague, the fever persists and is difficult to retreat, and it spreads slowly. When there are non-plague cases nearby, you should carefully observe the changes in pig farm pigs in time, carefully observe the onset of pigs, because the symptoms of high fever are easy to be similar to the mixed infection of the underlying diseases of the pig farm, such as blue ear mixed feeling, respiratory mixed feeling, the symptoms are very similar, here is a little difference is that the basic disease mixed infection, is the first to have the symptoms of the previous basic disease, after no treatment and prevention, a large area of rapid outbreak, not the plague is not, the non-plague is a gradual outbreak, and there is no symptoms of the underlying disease, such as cough, blue ear red phenomenon, etc.

A disinfectant that can effectively prevent African swine fever and foot-and-mouth disease virus - potassium monopersulfate complex salt

One: Product introduction of potassium persulfate complex salt

Monopersulfate compound salt raw material formula can be expressed as 2KHSO5.KHSO4.K2SO4, it is composed of potassium monopersulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium bisulfate three substances, the main effect of the substance is potassium monopersulfate, it is also known as potassium monosulfate (molecular formula KHSO5, referred to as PMPS or KMPS), because the presence of peroxy bonds -O-O-, has a strong oxidation capacity, it can oxidize the protein of pathogenic microorganisms, resulting in the death of pathogenic microorganisms.

The finished potassium persulfate compound salt we actually apply is a compound preparation made of potassium monopersulfate compound salt compound salt compounded with other substances (such as: surfactants, stabilizers, synergists, etc.).

Second: the effect principle of potassium persulfate composite salt products

Let's focus here on the "chain cycle reaction".

Potassium persulfate composite salt in the finished product will generally add inorganic acid, sodium chloride, sulfamic acid, etc., in the water, potassium persulfate composite salt itself produces hydroxyl radicals (OH) and new ecological oxygen [O], and oxidize sodium chloride to produce chlorine, chlorine gas is not released, but interacts with sulfamic acid to form an intermediate (NHClSO3H), and then the intermediate is decomposed, producing hypochlorous acid (HOCl), hypochlorous acid hydrolysis, and then produces new ecological oxygen [O] and chloride anion. Chloride anions continue to be oxidized by potassium bisulfate ... And so on. Continuous production of H+ hydrogen ions, hypochlorous acid, 2 times release of new ecological oxygen [O]. This continuous reaction lasts until potassium persulfate is depleted.

The chain cycle reaction produces OH free radicals that act on the phosphodiester bonds of DNA and RNA, interfering with the synthesis of pathogen DNA and RNA, thereby killing pathogenic microorganisms. The released O free radicals can play the role of peroxide disinfectants. The resulting hydrogen ions, chlorine gas, and hypochlorite ions can exert disinfection effects. These substances can oxidize and chlorinate pathogens, denaturing and coagulating pathogen proteins.

Potassium monopersulfate complex salt is dissolved in water to produce a variety of active ingredients, their synergistic effect is better than any single component, while it has a high oxidation potential, can degrade other chemicals can not degrade organic pollutants, especially the degradation of microcystin is obvious, and the degradation products are non-toxic and harmless to the human body and the environment.

For bacteria, some domestic and foreign studies have shown that potassium persulfate compound salt disinfection powder has a killing effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Hisella, Enterococcus hisi, Mycobacterium, and Bacillus. It has obvious inhibitory effects on Edwardian bacteria, mild aeromonas, aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardianella retardation, and Pseudomonas fluorescent.

For fungi, studies have shown that potassium persulfate compound powder disinfectant has a certain killing effect on Candida albicans, Tinea prunus and Ringworm bacteria. Studies have shown that after 30 minutes of action with 1% potassium persulfate compound powder disinfectant and Aspergillus fumigatus, the sterilization rate reached 100%.

For viruses, potassium persulfate compound powder disinfectant has a killing effect on human HIV-1 virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. Viruses that can also be used for prevention and control include: avian influenza H5N1, Newcastle disease, bursal, African swine fever and foot-and-mouth disease, and potassium persulfate compound powder is the first and only veterinary disinfectant approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for the prevention of foot-and-mouth disease. It is also the only disinfectant recommended by the Australian Government for the control of foot-and-mouth disease in the Australian Emergency Disease Control Programme Guidelines. In 2019, the Ministry of Rural Agriculture of the mainland included potassium persulfate compound salt disinfection powder in the catalogue of African swine fever prevention and control disinfection products. It has really caught fire and made more farming practitioners familiar with this product.