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On June 19, 1953, General Peng was on his way to Korea to sign an armistice with the United States.
On June 20, when General Peng arrived in Pyongyang, he received an urgent telegram from Chairman Mao.
Chairman Mao said in a telegram:
The signing of the armistice must be postponed until it is appropriate, depending on the development of the situation. It is extremely necessary to annihilate more than 10,000 puppet troops.
At the moment when this War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was coming to an end, why did Chairman Mao tell General Peng Da not to sign a contract and continue the war?
General Peng Dehuai
In July 1951, the United States, with the bravery of the Continental Army, decided to sit at the table and negotiate an armistice with the mainland and North Korea, which was also the first armistice negotiations of the Korean War.
Why is it the first time? Because this negotiation did not go smoothly.
The armistice negotiations lasted for two years before they could be signed smoothly.
The first time, because of the UNREASONABLE land division demands of the US military, it caused dissatisfaction between China and the DPRK.
Immediately after the Rejection, the United States led the United Nations Forces to war against China and North Korea.
After two months of motivating fighting.
Even if the Continental Volunteers were trapped by floods at the time, the UN army only pushed the front forward by 2 kilometers.
At this time, US Army Admiral Ridgway has once again realized that with China's strength, there is certainly no way to win this battle.
So he began to plan again and continue to talk with the mainland and north Korea.
Ridgway
But how can the United States allow itself to suffer losses?
Constantly pulling with China and North Korea on the condition.
Today he offered to maintain the "38th Line," and tomorrow he wants to occupy some of the main powers in some areas.
Today, this problem has been solved, and the next problem has come out again.
So the two sides have been fighting and stopping.
Until the end, the problem that caused the two sides to fight for the longest time was the problem of "prisoners of war".
At that time, the United States always believed that only they were constantly regressing, and in the end they did not benefit at all.
It was then proposed that "prisoners of war" should be released "one-on-one".
Faced with such unreasonable demands, China and the DPRK certainly could not agree.
For, on the one hand, as early as the previous Treaty of Geneva, it was stipulated that prisoners of war should be released and repatriated without delay;
On the other hand, the gap in the number of prisoners of war between the two sides is too large.
At that time, the consistent style of China and north Korea toward prisoners of war was either to release them on the spot or to be included in our army.
Moreover, most of the prisoners of war captured by our side were Koreans, and South Korea was originally a person belonging to the same ethnic group as North Korea, so many South Korean prisoners of war were quickly incorporated into the Korean People's Army after being captured.
In addition, although the Soviet Union had secretly sent its air force to help at that time, it was only slightly improved.
The US military does have a strong advantage in the air force, and from time to time it will send planes to bomb our side.
It is in this situation that our volunteer army and the Korean People's Army are facing bombing at any time, and can only pay more attention to their own thoroughness, and cannot pay more attention to better control of those prisoners.
According to statistics, there were 130,000 prisoners of war captured by the United States! There are only more than 10,000 people on the Chinese and North Korean side.
Therefore, for this unreasonable request, the Representative of China and the DPRK refused at that time.
Subsequently, the United States falsely put forward the request for "voluntary repatriation".
On the surface, the prisoners of war were allowed to choose whether to return to China and North Korea, but behind the scenes, they used some despicable means to force the prisoners not to choose to go back.
The little calculations of the Americans could not have been clearer.
It is nothing more than the fear that the prisoners of war will increase our combat effectiveness when they return, and by the way, they also want to smear our volunteers.
Faced with such treacherous conditions, the armistice negotiations once again collapsed.
The Battle of Shangganling was thus fought.
Although the Mainland Volunteers suffered heavy casualties this time, our spirit once again made the US army afraid.
Once again, they offered to negotiate.
On April 26, 1953, the two sides held another negotiating meeting.
On May 25 of the same year, the United States accepted the Sino-North Korean proposal to repatriate all prisoners of war.
But the United States did not tell Syngman Rhee about this decision in advance.
Rhee, as the leader of South Korea, was very angry about this result and withdrew all the negotiators in one breath.
In fact, as early as a month ago, Syngman Rhee had anticipated this incident.
On April 15, 1953, then-U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower sent a telegram to Syngman Rhee asking him to come to the United States to discuss the Korean War.
Eisenhower
On April 22, after Rhee arrived in the United States, Eisenhower informed Syngman Rhee that the United States would take the negotiations seriously.
To appease Syngman Rhee, Eisenhower informed him:
The United States, with the necessary congressional appropriations, is prepared to continue to provide economic assistance to South Korea.
But Syngman Rhee was immediately unhappy in his heart.
Because at that time, his presidency was to rely on the power of the United States to be re-elected.
If the U.S. and China-North Korea peace talks succeed this time, he may have to step down from this position.
And his ambition to unify the Korean Peninsula will be shattered.
Syngman Rhee
Two days later, Syngman Rhee told Eisenhower that if the United States and China and North Korea reached an agreement, he would withdraw from the United Nations army and fight the Sino-North Korean coalition alone.
On May 7, Syngman Rhee threatened at a press conference:
"If necessary, South Korea will fight alone and launch a full-scale military offensive on the Yalu River."
Subsequently, Syngman Rhee held a series of large-scale demonstrations in Seoul, Busan and other places.
After learning that his actions did not change the thinking of the United States, Rhee decided to attack first.
In fact, what gave Syngman Rhee so much confidence was the United States.
Because after Rhee told Eisenhower that he would go out alone, only four days later, the United States allocated a one-time appropriation of $200 million to Rhee.
That amount is two-thirds of the total U.S. appropriations for Syngman Rhee since the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950 and the application for renegotiation in April 1953.
This is also enough to prove that although the United States was ostensibly willing to agree to the conditions of China and the DPRK at that time, it still supported Syngman Rhee's attack behind its back.
Moreover, from the time Syngman Rhee threatened to attack, the US troops did not even stay in place, but slowly advanced forward.
In order to see the situation and act opportunistically.
Syngman Rhee
How could our great Chairman Mao not see these situations?
On June 17, Under the pretext of "releasing" prisoners on the spot, Rhee secretly escorted more than 20,000 prisoners of war from North Korea to the Training Center of the South Korean Army.
A large-scale press conference was also held to publicly reject the armistice:
"Under current terms, a truce means death for us. We have consistently demanded that the Chinese communist forces should be driven out of our territory, and even when we do so, we will not hesitate to fight alone. ”
For this matter, the "United Nations Army" command was also surprised.
Eisenhower also immediately called Syngman Rhee to stop fooling around.
Because as recently as June 15, China and north Korea and the "United Nations Army" had reached a unified agreement, and all armies were not allowed to take the initiative to attack again.
And Syngman Rhee's move is nothing more than dismantling Taiwan.
When Chairman Mao learned of this incident, he was also furious on the spot.
"We must beat them up and hurt them, so that we can never have any trouble!"
Chairman Mao, at an impromptu meeting, decided to postpone the signing for the time being, so that Syngman Rhee would consciously retreat in spite of the difficulties.
Chairman Mao also specifically stressed that only Rhee was attacked, and as for the "United Nations army," if they did not come forward, we would not attack them.
On June 22, General Peng Da, after receiving Chairman Mao's telegram, immediately presided over a combat conference.
The Battle of Jincheng broke out.
Syngman Rhee placed his elite Third, Sixth, and Eighth Divisions at the defensive line south of Jincheng.
To this end, Rhee also specially built many tunnels, tunnels, minefields, and other fortifications to form a "modern defensive position."
But how could his little trick stand up to our heroic volunteers!
In order to give Rhee a heavy blow, Yang Yong, commander-in-chief of our army, made sufficient preparations.
In order to enhance the configuration of the 20th Corps, the Volunteer Command was equipped with five regiments plus seven battalions of howitzer regiments, two regiments plus a rocket artillery battalion and three anti-aircraft artillery regiments.
7,000 tons of artillery shells were also prepared for it.
The 20th Corps had 1,104 artillery pieces alone, which threw Rhee's firepower several streets away.
On top of that, even the most mysterious unit of the Volunteer Army, the Katyusha Rocket Artillery Division, was dispatched.
From this position alone, it is enough to see the determination of our army to win.
Yang Yong
On the night of July 13, 1953, under the cover of night, the volunteers fought the Battle of Gyeongseong from the east, west, and middle directions towards the troops stationed in the South Korean capital.
In an instant, more than a thousand artillery pieces were fired at the same time.
Tens of thousands of shells rained down on Syngman Rhee's "modern defensive positions."
In less than half an hour, the volunteers had dropped 1,900 tons of artillery shells.
And the "modern defensive position" that Rhee was once proud of also vanished in an instant.
After the artillery bombardment, as the charge horn sounded, the heroic volunteers rushed towards the positions of the South Korean troops.
In just an hour, south Korean forward positions were breached by volunteers.
The volunteers who attacked from the middle took a day to occupy the forward position of South Korea.
The volunteers who attacked from the west, under the leadership of deputy platoon commander Yang Yucai, dressed up as Korean troops, attacked the "White Tiger Regiment", an ace unit of South Korea.
After going through thousands of efforts to infiltrate the vicinity of the "White Tiger Regiment" regimental headquarters, Yang Yu discovered that the "White Tiger Regiment" was tightly surrounded by more than twenty armored fighting vehicles and more than a dozen tanks.
Just when Yang Yucai was thinking about how to sneak inside, a South Korean officer who happened to be out of the house was bumped into by them.
Under the inducement of Yang Yucai and the soldiers, the officer promised to lead the way for Yang Yucai and others.
In this way, they smoothly entered the interior of the "White Tiger Regiment".
At that time, the "White Tiger Regiment" was holding a meeting in the command room, and a volunteer soldier threw a grenade directly from the window, and Yang Yucai led the crowd directly into it.
Except for the commander of the "White Tiger Regiment" and the deputy commander of the "Capital Division", who escaped through the window.
All 70 members of the "White Tiger Regiment" were annihilated by Yang Yucai and 12 others.
Later, they also used a fire to ignite all the ammunition depots and oil depots near the "White Tiger Regiment".
Faced with the threat of death, the leader of the White Tiger Regiment directly ordered the surrender and abandonment of resistance.
Before leaving for retreat, Yang Yucai also ripped off the military flag of the "White Tiger Regiment" with his bare hands.
The 12 volunteers suffered no casualties, killing 223 enemy troops and taking 23 prisoners in one hour.
This is the story of the famous "Surprise Attack on the White Tiger Regiment".
The volunteers were captured with the White Tiger Regiment flag
The volunteers attacking from the east were even more rapid, divided into more than 20 routes, and it took only six minutes to conquer the positions of the South Korean army.
The South Korean troops, whose combat effectiveness was already inferior, did not know how to resist in the face of the direct attack of the volunteers, and could only flee in the wilderness.
The volunteers, on the other hand, saw where there was a Taiji flag and chased after it.
Although the U.S. military said that it did not care about this matter before the Battle of Jincheng was launched, but seeing that its little brother was about to be eliminated, the U.S. military sent its own troops to support the South Korean army.
From July 17 to 20, over a four-day period, the volunteers repelled more than 1,000 enemy troops at Jincheng.
Seeing that the volunteers were about to invade Seoul, Rhee no longer dared to be arrogant.
His ambitions were also shattered by the volunteers.
In just 15 days, the 20th Corps, led by Yang Yong, killed and captured more than 50,000 South Korean troops and recovered 160 square kilometers of positions.
At 10 o'clock on July 27, 1953, China and north Korea signed an armistice agreement with the "United Nations Army" exactly.
The Korean War, which lasted two years and nine months, finally came to an end at Panmunjom.
To say that Rhee's combat effectiveness is so weak, and the combat effectiveness of the mainland volunteer army, even the United States is afraid, how dare it be so arrogant?
In fact, in addition to the secret support of the United States, the most important thing is the political struggle within South Korea.
Because at that time, Rhee arrested more than a dozen parliamentarians in succession in order to succeed in re-election, resulting in chaos in the internal political arena of South Korea.
In the end, although Syngman Rhee was successfully re-elected, internal contradictions remained unresolved.
Syngman Rhee felt that his rule over the country could not be stabilized.
So he turned his attention to foreign wars.
He is bent on using external forces to unify the Korean Peninsula.
Therefore, it began to continuously obstruct the peace talks between China and the DPRK and the United States.
Chairman Mao
But he did not expect that China would lay down such a big "Ben" to beat him up.
Chairman Mao's decision to launch the Battle of Jincheng was also to "kill chickens for monkeys to see."
This makes it clear that the mainland has always longed for peace, and we can solve problems face-to-face in a friendly manner.
But if there is no friendly communication, then we are not afraid to pick up guns and fight.
"Punch a punch, lest a hundred punches come"
This is what Chairman Mao said when he decided to support Korea in 1950.
I have to say that Chairman Mao is really wise and great.
The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was the founding battle of New China.
It was also a war in which the United States and other countries that once looked down on the mainland were afraid of the mainland.
Salute to the great leader Chairman Mao!
I also want to pay tribute Chinese The People's Volunteer Army!