Nepal is a landlocked country in South Asia, located in the southern Himalayas, bordering China and India, with a total area of 147,000 square kilometers. Nepal's terrain is predominantly mountainous, with 83% of its area being mountainous, but Nepal's population has reached 30 million.
The terrain of the world is diverse. Plains are the landforms with the largest population carrying capacity, and mountainous areas have limited carrying capacity. Well, most of Nepal is mountainous. Why can it carry three people? What about millions of people? First, the proportion of high-altitude mountainous areas is not high. Nepal borders China to the north and India to the east, west and south.
On the map, nepal's territory resembles a rectangle, with a distance of 885 km from east to west and 145 to 241 km from north to south. Nepal's terrain is high in the north and low in the south. The northern region is extremely high, with an altitude of 4877 meters to 8844 meters. Many of the world's high-altitude peaks are located in the Himalayas on the China-Nepal border, such as Mount Everest. Northern Nepal is a high-altitude mountainous area that accounts for about 15% of Nepal's total area. The population is very sparse, but the central and southern regions of Nepal are populous. The terrain of central Nepal is still dominated by mountains, but the altitude is below 4877 meters, and the further south you go, the lower the terrain. Compared to the high-altitude mountains in the north, the elevation of the central mountains has decreased significantly. In the central mountains, there are still many valleys, which are more habitable and have a large population. The central mountainous regions make up about Nepal. Southern Nepal is a lowland plain, accounting for about 17% of the total area of Nepal, at an altitude of about 150 meters. The terrain is flat and fertile, accommodating a large population. As can be seen, the terrain of Nepal is very different. The north-south distance is between 145 km and 241 km, but the altitude has dropped directly from more than 8,000 meters to 150 meters. As a result, Nepal's high-altitude mountainous areas are not highly proportioned, and the vast areas of central and southern China can carry a large number of people.
Second, the climate is suitable. Due to the huge differences in topography, Nepal's climate is also divided into three types, namely the northern alpine climate zone, the central temperate climate zone and the southern tropical climate zone. The alpine climate in the north of Nepal is not suitable for habitation, the climate in the central region is mild, and the climate in the valley area is mild, and the four seasons are like spring. The southern tropical climate zone is similar to india's climate and is divided into dry and rainy seasons. It is relatively hot throughout the year, with plenty of rainfall during the rainy season. Nepal's arable land is mainly distributed in the southern plains. The plain is flat, fertile and water resources, suitable for crop growth. Crops such as rice are widely cultivated in southern Nepal, and rice production is abundant, and cash crops such as sugar cane and tea are abundant. Combining these two reasons, although most of Nepal is mountainous, it can also support 30 million people, and the food self-sufficiency rate has reached about 97%.