Majestic and exuberant, he crossed the Yalu River. To safeguard peace and defend the motherland is to protect the homeland. Good sons and daughters of China, united in unity. Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea defeat the wolf of US imperialist ambitions!
This is the lyrics of "Chinese Volunteer Army Battle Song". It is about the entry of the Chinese People's Army into North Korea to resist the US aggressors.
In the two-year War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, too many martyrs returned to their homeland, and a total of 197653 martyrs of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea sacrificed their precious lives. Mao Anying, the son of the great Mao Zedong, was among them. Mao Anying was also forever linked to his beloved cause of revolution and liberation.
Why send troops to North Korea
On October 1, 1950, the people of the whole country were celebrating the first anniversary of the founding of New China, and the streets and alleys of Beijing were full of lights and flags fluttering to commemorate this hard-won day.
However, the clouds of war have crept over China. On the same day, MacArthur issued an ultimatum to the Korean People's Army to surrender, because the Korean War had already begun on June 25, 1950, so the North Korean leader Kim Il Sung asked the Chinese government for Chinese troops to support.
Therefore, the party Central Committee held a meeting overnight and finally made a strategic decision to "resist US aggression and aid Korea and defend the family and the country." Peng Dehuai was appointed commander-in-chief of the Volunteer Army. Mao Anying was also the first batch of volunteers to enter the DPRK at this time.
As for why the mainland wants to send troops to North Korea? The first is the request of the DPRK side, which is the most direct reason. The second is to safeguard China's national interests, which is the most fundamental and core reason. Because the U.S. Seventh Fleet invaded the Taiwan Strait and interfered in China's internal affairs, it was considered that it might be forced to go to war with the United States. The third is to safeguard the national defense and security of the northeast region of the mainland and maintain stability in the northeast region. The fourth is to maintain social stability in New China, because after the outbreak of the Korean War, the domestic reactionary forces were obviously active, which was not conducive to the stability of New China.
So on October 19, 1950, the first batch of volunteer troops on the mainland entered the DPRK, and Mao Anying was among them.
"Go through the back door" into the DPRK
Mao Anying was the eldest son of Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui. He was born in Hunan in 1922. Because of the social environment at that time, coupled with the fact that his parents were both great proletarian revolutionaries, Mao Anying's life was destined to be inseparable from the revolutionary movement.
In 1927, Chiang Kai-shek launched the April 12 counter-revolutionary coup d'état, a large number of party members were slaughtered, and Yang Kaihui has been insisting on underground struggle. In 1930, Yang Kaihui was arrested and imprisoned, and Mao Anying was also imprisoned. Later, Yang Kaihui was killed by the enemy, Mao Anying was only 8 years old at the time, and when he saw that he was relatively young, he was released on bail. At this time, the seeds of revolution had been planted in his heart, and he was determined to be like his parents and seek the welfare of the vast number of poor people.
Later, he was arranged by the underground party at the "Datong Kindergarten" in Shanghai. Soon after, the underground party organization was destroyed, and Mao Anying was forced to live on the streets, and he tried every means to make a living for himself.
In 1936, the underground party found Mao Anying, and the organization decided to send him to study in the Soviet Union, where he entered the International Children's Institute, joined the Communist Youth League, and later entered the Soviet Military Academy. In 1943, he graduated from the military academy with honors, was awarded the rank of lieutenant in the Red Army, and joined the Bolshevist Party of the Soviet Union, participating in the battle into Belarus, Poland, and the Czech Republic, so he himself accumulated a very rich combat experience. During his time in the Soviet Union, he also contributed to the liberation of Eastern European countries. On the eve of Mao Anying's return to China, Stalin personally received him and gave him a pistol as a reward.
In 1946, Mao Anying returned to the embrace of the motherland, and after returning to China,
Mao Zedong said to Mao Anying: "You have eaten foreign bread for ten years, participated in the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union, and also attended a higher military academy, and there is still a lesson to be learned, you should go to China's Labor University, first go to the countryside to see how the peasants cultivate land, and understand and understand the Chinese countryside." ”
After that, he actively mingled with the working masses and ate and lived together. After the founding of New China, in order to participate in the restoration and construction of the national economy, Mao Anying put forward the requirements of the grass-roots level and tempered himself again.
After the PARTY Central Committee made the decision to resist US aggression and aid Korea, Mao Anying took the initiative to request to join the DPRK and participate in the war. Those around Mao Zedong disagreed, knowing that Mao had lost five of his relatives for the Chinese revolution, not to mention facing the world's most militarily powerful American army.
But Mao Anying's desire to go to the front line requires layers of approval, plus his special status. However, due to the tight war in the front, Mao Anying could not wait to ask his superiors for instructions layer by layer, and reached him through the bottom layer by layer. Mao Anying went directly to Mao Zedong and hesitated for half a day before he reluctantly opened his mouth and expressed his thoughts, hoping that his father could give him a "back door." Because Mao Anying knew that Mao Zedong always did not like to do things specially. His own demands may embarrass his father.
When Mao Zedong heard this, he did not rebuke his idea of "going through the back door", but agreed very happily.
It says: "Whoever calls him the son of Mao Zedong, he will not go and who will go back!" ”
As a sentence in the movie "Chosin Lake": "The children of hundreds of thousands of ordinary people went to the battlefield with one order, what reason did I Have not to go?" ”
In fact, when Mao Anying proposed to join the war in the DPRK, he was also very happy in his heart, and he understood that his son had grown up, and his son was not a coward, but a man with a warm heart, a revolutionary fighter with ideas and ideals. Therefore, Mao Zedong, who was usually selfless and selfless, also made an exception to open a "back door" once.
He sent troops to Korea and became a people's volunteer army, showing a heroic side
On October 19, 1950, Mao Anying joined the Chinese The Headquarters of the People's Volunteer Army and served as the Russian translator and secretary of the Volunteer Army Headquarters, that is, "Secretary Liu". Due to Mao Anying's special status, except for a few leaders such as Peng Dehuai, who knew his origins, everyone else knew that he was a lively, simple, and capable ordinary young man.
Mao Anying himself also brought his father's "no special" work style to the Korean battlefield, where he ate and lived with his comrades-in-arms, and no one knew that he was the son of a great man.
Mao Anying mainly held some civilian work during his time in Korea, many people think that there is not much danger, in fact, what they do not know is that Mao Anying was already a very good tank officer in the Soviet Union, and also made great achievements in the international anti-fascist war, and on the Korean battlefield, everyone also experienced Mao Anying's bravery and brave side.
One day, a bomb dropped by a US aircraft was found near the headquarters, but it was a dud and did not explode, and the US military also had some delay bombs at that time, so it was uncertain what type of bomb was also a great threat to the command, and in order to take precautions, it must be removed as soon as possible. However, there was no professional sapper to dismantle it for a while, at this time, Mao Anying stepped forward and took the initiative to defuse the bomb.
Colleagues are worried, they all say it is too dangerous,
But Mao Anying smiled and said, "Rest assured, it's okay, don't tell Mr. Peng."
This shows that because of his special status, Peng Dehuai does not let him do some dangerous work, but also to ensure his safety.
Mao Anying let everyone hide well, picked up simple tools, walked to the bomb, carefully observed for a while, and began to dismantle it, colleagues in the distance were also very nervous, some people did not even dare to look, after a while,
Mao Anying shouted, "Okay, the danger is lifted, let's come out!" ”
Everyone rushed over to see it, and it was creepy to see a full of explosives. However, in Mao Anying's view, it is very casual and relaxed. Everyone quickly asked Mao Anying when he would learn this craft. Mao Anying introduced them to his experience in the war in the Soviet Union, and as a professional tank officer, he was as skilled in laying bombs as a peasant.
At this time, everyone knew that Mao Anying was by no means a simple translator, he was a warrior with rich combat experience.
Mao Anying was not only proficient in Russian, but also learned English and French himself, and actively studied Korean and Japanese after entering the DPRK. Therefore, it is a person who is proficient in the six Chinese words. In his spare time, Mao Anying also served as a trial of UN prisoners of war.
Once, our army captured a major officer of the Us Army, and at the beginning he was very uncooperative, coupled with the language barrier, the interrogation can be said to be difficult. Later, he asked Mao Anying to conduct interrogations, and through Mao Anying's good inducements, he not only obtained some very important information, but also learned about the true mental state of the US military at present. Later, the US major also very sighed, comparing the Attitude of the Chinese Volunteer Army to prisoners of war and the Japanese army to prisoners of war, the gap is self-evident, and sincerely praised the Chinese army as a benevolent and righteous division that has always been invincible.
Mao Anying not only did a very good job in the matter of prisoners of war, he also did the ideological work of Liang Xingchu, a famous general of the Volunteer Army.
The 38th Army led by Liang Xingjun has always been an ace unit and has made many military achievements. Because he had just entered the DPRK, the intelligence department provided incorrect information, and as a result, the first battle was not well fought, and he was criticized by Mr. Peng, and Liang Xingchu's mood was even more depressed.
Mao Anying then found him and persuaded: "Commander Liang, don't be discouraged, General Peng actually values you very much, always at the headquarters to talk about your 38th Army, it doesn't matter if you don't fight well this time, the next time you fight well." ”
After Mao Anying finished speaking, he made another request, because he always wanted to go to the front line to fight.
He said: "Commander Liang, I have long known that the 38th Army is an invincible heroic unit, can you see if I can go to the 38th Army and become a regimental commander or regimental political commissar?" ”
Liang Xingchu knew Mao Anying's identity, the front line was so dangerous, he would definitely not let him go,
He smiled and said, "Hahaha, our regimental commanders are all old Red Army, you just came down, you want to replace them?" ”
Mao Anying's encouragement made Liang Xingchu very moved, and in the subsequent battles, the 38th Army played a prestige that should have belonged to them.
The story of Mao Anying saving a North Korean child during his time in North Korea is also widely circulated today.
There was a village near the headquarters, once bombed by the US army, many houses were on fire, Mao Anying saw it, immediately rushed over, and saved a big lady in the fire. The eldest lady cried that her grandson was still inside, and Mao Anying rushed into the fire again after soaking herself with water and rescued the child.
Afterward. After Mao Anying's sacrifice, the eldest lady took out the cemetery she had prepared for herself. Mao Anying was buried inside.
Mao Anying was tragically killed
On the morning of November 25, the second battle began, because the Previous Day's American aircraft were constantly circling over the headquarters for reconnaissance, so the chief immediately decided, except for those who remained on duty, the rest of the people all withdrew to the air raid shelter for covert protection. Mao Anying offered to stay on duty, and the leader dragged him into the air raid shelter.
Because the second battle had just begun, many important documents had not been sorted out, and Mao Anying worked in the temporary wooden house, at this time, the US military planes suddenly attacked, and quickly called the rest of the people to run out of the wooden house and hide in time. As soon as this round of bombing passed, Mao Anying rushed into the wooden house to rescue the confidential documents, but unexpectedly, at this time, the bomber suddenly turned around and came back to bomb again. Incendiary bombs were dropped on the bomber, turning the wooden house into a sea of fire in an instant, and Mao Anying and another soldier were engulfed in a merciless fire and died heroically.
At the age of 28, Mao Anying left his young life forever on the Korean battlefield. Later, others learned that this Secretary Yang was actually Mao Anying, the eldest son of the great Mao Zedong.
The pain of the great man's loss of his son
When Peng Dehuai heard the news of Mao Anying's sacrifice, he was silent for a long time, silently picked up a telegram and went into the room, and after a while, Peng Dehuai's crying was heard in the room, and finally, he made a report to the Central Military Commission. A short telegram, Peng Dehuai wrote for more than an hour, using several telegrams.
Finally, it was written: "We entered the air raid shelter at seven o'clock today, Mao Anying was in the house with three staff officers, at eleven o'clock, when the enemy planes passed by, the four of them had already come out, and after the enemy planes passed, the four of them returned to the house, and suddenly four enemy planes came, dropped nearly a hundred incendiary bombs, and hit the house. ”
When the Central Military Commission received the telegram, it did not know what to do for a while, so it kept the telegram confidential and held an urgent meeting to discuss it. Therefore, the Central Military Commission found Zhou Enlai, and when Premier Zhou saw the contents of the telegram, he could not help but blush, and finally decided to let Premier Zhou tell Chairman Mao the contents of the telegram.
After Mao Zedong learned of his son's sacrifice, he was also heartbroken for a while.
According to Li Jiaji, who was Mao Zedong's defender at the time, "When the chairman heard this, he took the cigarette again and threw it there. Looking back, he lit another cigarette. The matchbox was right in front of him, he didn't know, still looking in his pocket. ”
Then Chairman Mao said: "Fighting a war always means killing people." Chinese Volunteers have sacrificed the lives of so many commanders and fighters, and their sacrifices are glorious. Kishi is an ordinary warrior, don't take it as a big deal just because I'm my son. ”
Maybe Mao Zedong himself could know the heartache of being a father.
Later, it was proposed that Mao Anying's body be transported back to China. Mao Zedong said: "Shore Ying is one of the revolutionary martyrs, and Shore Ying is an ordinary soldier in the volunteer army. Kishi's body was not transported back to China and buried on the territory of the DPRK, which embodies the revolutionary spirit of sharing weal and woe with the KOREAN military and people, and also shows that the friendship between our Chinese and DPRK peoples is condensed with the blood of martyrs. ”
summary
As a soldier, Mao Anying was very good, and as Mao Zedong's son, he did not disgrace his father. Mao Zedong's sacrifice was undoubtedly the saddest and most heartbreaking. Mao Anying's body has not been transported back to China so far, which is also a good home for Mao Anying.