Liu Ying, the main founder of the revolutionary base area in southwest Zhejiang

Liu Ying (1905-1942) was one of the leaders of the Anti-Japanese Advance Detachment of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in the north and the three-year guerrilla war in the south, and the main founder of the revolutionary base area in southwest Zhejiang. On May 18, 1942, Liu Ying was the ninth secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee who died heroically for the revolution in Fangyan, Yongkang, Zhejiang, at the age of 37.

"Night quiet book for friends, spring deep pen spit flowers"

On November 26, 1905, Liu Ying was born in Ruijin, Jiangxi Province, to a poor peasant family, whose original name was Liu Shengmu. From an early age, he adhered to the inherent diligence and frugality of the peasant children, hard-working and hard-working character, entered school at the age of 9, was talented, diligent and studious, and achieved excellent results. At the age of fourteen or fifteen, he was able to recite poems against him, and once inscribed a poem on the wall of his home: "Night quiet book for friends, spring deep pen spit flowers", indicating that it is necessary to take books as friends, study hard and read diligently, and use them to encourage themselves.

In 1922, Liu Ying graduated from primary school and dropped out of school to work as a farmer at home, but he was not willing to be mediocre and insisted on self-study. He was deeply praised by the villagers for his life, and was successively invited to teach by his hometown Songshan Primary School and Sex Ding Primary School, teaching students to love the country first, learn to be a person first, and have a sense of justice. During this period, he read progressive books such as "New Youth" and "Guide", and began to accept new ideas and think about the problem of transforming Chinese society. The cultural foundation laid by Liu Ying when he was a teenager paved the way for his later growth.

"From now on, everything I have, until my life, has been handed over to the Party!"

In March 1929, the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, led by Mao Zedong and Zhu De, won the great victory of Changling Village in Changting, Fujian Province, and took advantage of the victory to occupy the county seat of Changting County. After Liu Ying learned of this news, he signed up for the Red Army with the young people with the same surname who had already agreed, and changed the names of himself and his companions to "Liu Ying" and "Liu Xiong" respectively. He said: When we join the Red Army, we must be "heroes", not bears! In September 1929, Liu Ying joined the Communist Party of China. In correspondence with his comrades-in-arms, he wrote: "I joined the Communist Party and became a Communist Party member. From then on, everything I had, until my life, was handed over to the Party! He expressed his revolutionary feelings of great reverence for the party, bold loyalty, and willingness to sacrifice his life for the party's cause.

After joining the party, Liu Ying threw himself into the revolutionary work even more selflessly, and was selected to work as an accountant in the military department, and later transferred to the head of the cashier unit of the supply department. When Mao Zedong saw that Liu Ying could write family letters with a good writing foundation, he asked Liu Ying if he would like to do clerical work in the military department. In this way, Liu Ying was transferred to the military department as a clerk and worked around Mao Zedong and Zhu De, and made rapid progress. Later, on his own initiative and with the consent of Mao Zedong, he went to the front to fight, successively serving as a company political instructor, battalion political commissar, director of the regimental political office, regimental political commissar, and division political commissar, and participated in the previous anti-"encirclement and suppression" struggles in the Central Soviet Region. In July 1934, the situation of the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" in the Central Soviet Region was tense, and the Seventh Red Army of the Central Committee formed the Red Army's anti-Japanese advance team to go north, to respond to the strategic shift of the main force of the Central Red Army by attacking the west from the east, and took the lead in raising the anti-Japanese banner to promote the anti-Japanese movement.

Liu Ying, then director of the political department of the advance team, fought with the army. In December, he was seriously wounded at the Battle of Tanjiaqiao. Due to the shortage of drugs in the troops and the lack of narcotic drugs available, Liu Ying, with a strong will, endured severe pain, and successfully completed the operation, and his comrades-in-arms were moved, calling Liu Ying "the Guan Gong in the Red Army." Due to the severe damage to the traumatic tissue, Liu Ying had a dysfunctional right hand and was unable to write and use chopsticks. In order to keep working, he learned to write with his left hand and use a gun with amazing perseverance. As he wrote in his Memorandum: "I can endure all the unbearable life, and none of this can shake my determination in the slightest; on the contrary, it tempers my will even more, and I can give up everything, but I cannot abandon the Party, the class, or the revolutionary cause." I live one day, I should work for them for a day! ”

"Dedication to the revolution with all heart, never to return"

In February 1935, according to the instructions of the Central Bureau of the Soviet District transferred to the Central Bureau, Liu Ying and Su Yu, who had not yet recovered from their wounds, took the lead in sending the rest of the troops to form an advancing division, with Liu Ying as the political commissar of the division and Su Yu as the division commander, advancing into Zhejiang to carry out guerrilla warfare and wage tenacious struggles against enemies dozens of times their own. In an environment far from the center and behind the enemy, they often walk through the deep mountains and dense forests, where the sky is the house, the ground is the bed, and the wild vegetables are used as dry food. Although he has lost contact with the central authorities for a long time and has experienced the test of life and death countless times, he has never wavered in his determination to participate in the revolution, and has always practiced the Zhengzheng oath he wrote when he first joined the revolution: "When I was young, I did not know the road, and today I am on the smooth road." Dedicating oneself to the revolution with all one's heart will never return." Under the leadership of Liu Ying, Su Yu, and others, after three years of arduous guerrilla warfare and more than 300 battles involving Zhukou and Zailang, the revolutionary base areas in southwest Zhejiang were created, which successfully smashed the enemy's "liquidation and suppression" one after another, and established an important strategic fulcrum of the Chinese revolution in the south. In September 1937, in accordance with the spirit of the Central Committee, Liu Ying negotiated with the representatives of the Director's Office of the Kuomintang Fujian-Zhejiang-Gansu-Anhui Border Region on behalf of the Provisional Provincial Party Committee, reached an agreement on cooperation in resisting Japan, and threw himself into the torrent of the Nationwide War of Resistance Against Japan.

In March 1938, the Party Central Committee instructed the abolition of the Fujian-Zhejiang Border Provisional Provincial Committee and the establishment of the Zhejiang Provisional Provincial Committee, allowing Liu Ying to continue to stay in Zhejiang and persist in the struggle. After May, Liu Ying successively served as secretary of the Provisional Provincial Party Committee of Zhejiang, secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee and director of the United Front Work Department, and commissioner of the three provinces of Fujian, Zhejiang, and Gansu. With the cooperation of the revolutionary forces in southwest Zhejiang, Liu Ying presided over the first congress of the CPC Zhejiang Province, which formed a climax of the province's anti-Japanese struggle to save the people. In March 1939, Liu Ying led the provincial party committee to move to Lishui in order to better lead the work of the party in the province. Later in the same month, Zhou Enlai inspected Zhejiang, and Liu Ying reported to Zhou Enlai on the situation in Zhejiang, and Zhou Enlai praised: On the southeast battlefield, Zhejiang is standing in a forward position and is worthy of emulation by other provinces.

Therefore, during the period when the provincial party committee organs were relocated to Lishui, Liu Ying, as the owner of the Xinghua Department Store, led the Zhejiang party organization to persist in the hidden struggle, and was ready to sacrifice at any time, writing to his wife: "Abandon all wavering, prepare all sacrifices, concentrate all forces, and everything should be subordinated to revolution and war."

"Death in battle on the battlefield is self-exhilarating, and I am divided in the prison room!"

In April 1941, the situation deteriorated, and Liu Ying led the provincial party committee to move back to Wenzhou from Lishui. In early 1942, the Kuomintang made the thorough "suppression of the Communists" an "urgent move" and searched everywhere for the Communists. On February 8, Liu Ying was arrested for informing traitors. If the Kuomintang authorities had obtained the treasure, they shouted: "Liu Ying has been operating on the border between Zhejiang and Fujian provinces for many years, and once he is arrested today, he will win the enemy's capture of 100,000." So he tried every means to recruit Liu Ying, and every time he was severely reprimanded by Liu Ying. Seeing that the persuasion was fruitless, on February 23, the Kuomintang transferred Liu Ying to Fangyan in Yongkang County. Although Liu Ying is in prison, she still uses every opportunity to work. He explained to the guards the truth of the anti-Japanese national united front and exposed the various crimes of the Kuomintang in sabotaging the War of Resistance and hunting down communists. After Liu Ying's inspiration and education, the guard Ren Genrong admired Liu Ying very much, helped deliver the note, and also sent the paper and pen to the cell at Liu Ying's request.

The Kuomintang authorities interrogated Liu Ying almost every other day. In the face of coercion, inducement, and torture, Liu Ying always said the same old saying: "My situation is all in the archives, and there is nothing to say." He was beaten to the point of spitting blood and reprimanded the Kuomintang for its criminal acts of not thinking about resisting Japan and being bent on opposing communism. The interrogation lasted more than two months, and Liu Ying never revealed any secrets of the party. Seeing that all means were ineffective, Chiang Kai-shek ordered Liu Ying to be executed as soon as possible. In the early morning of May 18, Liu Ying was killed at the foot of The Matou Mountain in Fangyan, Yongkang County. In prison, Liu Ying left a poem: "Ten years of collecting dust to the present, stealing bullets and raining guns." Death in battle on the battlefield can be happy, prison indoors what I am divided! ”