Source: "Smart Mine" 2022 No. 4 "Science and Technology Pioneer" column
In June 2008, a scholar took the lead in proposing the idea of using inertial navigation technology and improving the autonomous positioning accuracy of shearer based on environmental characteristics, road sign recognition and GIS technology in the paper entitled "Unmanned Face Shearer Autonomous Positioning System". After 3 months, another paper by the scholar entitled "Research on The Mining Technology of Unmanned Working Surfaces in Coal Mines" was published in the 9th issue of Science and Technology Herald in 2008, which was based on the concept of "scientific mining", and for the first time pointed out the key technologies of unmanned working surface mining in domestic coal mines: automatic height adjustment of shearers, autonomous positioning and navigation system of shearers, automatic identification of coal-rock interfaces, two-way communication between wells and downholes, and intelligent coal mining processes.
Taking these 2 papers as the starting point, the scholar led the team to carry out scientific research and innovation in the aspects of intelligent face shearer attitude high-precision perception, hydraulic support attitude intelligent perception, working surface scraper conveyor straightness fiber perception, mining environment intelligent perception and safety decision-making, intelligent monitoring instrument and equipment research and development, etc. For 14 years, the company has worked silently for fourteen years, established a complete technical system for intelligent face mining in coal mines and a complete set of equipment and technology for intelligent perception of optical fibers in coal mining, and applied scientific and technological achievements to Serve China Coal Energy Group. Shanxi Coking Coal Group, Huadian Coal Industry Company, Jinneng Holding Group, Shandong Energy Group, Huayang New Material Technology Group and other large mining areas more than 40 mines, to help the mining area to achieve intelligent and efficient safe production, explore a coal mine intelligent mining scientific research and innovation road.
This scholar is Professor Fang Xinqiu of China University of Mining and Technology.
01 From the interest, intelligent mining to explore the road
From 1992 to 1996, while studying mining engineering at China University of Mining and Technology, Fang Xinqiu majored in computer science and application with great interest, laying a solid professional foundation for subsequent scientific research. From 1996 to 2002, Fang Xinqiu studied for a master's degree and a doctorate in mining engineering at China University of Mining and Technology. During the doctoral period, he studied under Qian Minggao, the main founder of the mining engineering discipline in mainland China and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and the words and deeds of the tutor had a great influence on the other party's new autumn. He always kept in mind the mining spirit taught by Academician Qian Minggao to "never accept defeat, never bow to difficulties, and always strive for the first", and in the process of in-depth coal mining frontline learning and scientific research, he keenly captured the future of safe, efficient and scientific mining in the mine, which must be developing in the direction of unmanned, and the most important core of unmanned mining is control. Therefore, after graduating with a doctorate in 2002, Fang Xinqiu entered the postdoctoral mobile station of control science and engineering of Southeast University to start a new research, and the co-supervisor was Professor Wan Dejun, a well-known navigation expert. Under the guidance of Professor Wan Dejun, he gradually opened up his research ideas: around the needs of the transformation and upgrading of the coal industry, through the intelligent perception of the mining environment, the intelligent regulation of mining equipment, the autonomous cruise of mining operations and other functions and technologies, the mining equipment independently completed the process of recovery operations, and focused on the development of a new generation of mine intelligent perception technology and equipment, especially inertial navigation technology and fiber grating sensing technology, to achieve intelligent and unmanned mining.
Schematic of the fiber grating sensing system
In August 2004, after the postdoctoral departure, Fang Xinqiu returned to China University of Mining and Technology to work, while doing teaching and scientific research in mining, mine pressure and rock formation control, while adhering to the research and exploration of intelligent and unmanned mining in coal mines. Based on the concept of "scientific mining", he realized that "the higher the level of mining productivity, the higher the requirements for safe production, and to solve the safety problems that plague the development of the industry, the essence is to have fewer people or even no one to mine; and the only way to unmanned mining is to first go from mechanization to automation to intelligence." Faced with the low level of intelligent mining research at home and abroad and the lack of references, Fang Xinqiu led the team to rely on themselves and innovate independently, without a ready-made model, he led the graduate students to model, derive and verify; there was no example to follow, so he actively communicated with mining enterprises and equipment manufacturers to carry out on-site industrial tests under the coal mine. Under the exploration of the unchanged original intention and thirst for knowledge, the team has achieved fruitful results, one paper after another, one patent after another, and has explored a scientific research and innovation road for intelligent mining from the aspects of high-precision perception of the attitude of the intelligent working surface shearer, the attitude perception of the hydraulic support, the linearity of the scraper conveyor fiber perception, the intelligent perception of the mining environment and safety decision-making, and the research and development of intelligent monitoring instruments and equipment.
Fang Xinqiu investigates underground coal mines (first from the left)
02 Science and technology staff, to help the development of frontier mines
In November 2009, Fang Xinqiu went to Xinjiang as a member of the "Tenth Batch of Doctoral Service Groups" selected by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee and was cordially received by Comrade Li Yuanchao, then director of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee. During his service in Xinjiang, Fang Xinqiu served as the deputy general manager of the Aral Tongzhong State-owned Assets Management Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the company) of the First Agricultural Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, giving full play to his professional advantages in the mining field, often going deep into the front line of mine production, and rushing to the Gobi Desert, desert and ravine in Hami, Korla, Baicheng and Kucha for on-site inspections. Under the overall deployment of promoting the construction of new industrialization and accelerating the transformation of superior resources in the division and city, he actively participated in the energy, science and technology and other fields of industrial development of the division and city, gave full play to the role of science and technology staff, and made positive contributions to the development and construction of the First Agricultural Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.
In the acquisition and integration of mining resources in Shishi City, he actively contributed to the integration of mining resources, and successfully acquired two major coal mines, Kuqa County Yushuquan Coal Co., Ltd. and Kuqa County Yushuling Coal Mine Co., Ltd., so that the industrial development of the First Agricultural Division was guaranteed; through cooperation with outstanding mining enterprises in other provinces, it helped the small coal mines under Tahe Mining Company to increase coal mine production capacity; completed the resource status of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang and the proposed scientific research project on the planning and utilization of mineral resources of the First Agricultural Division; and used its own professional and school advantages to play a role as a bridge. Special lectures on the current situation of coal industry development and scientific mining were held at the Corps Cadre Training College, special lectures were held at the Division Party School on accelerating the construction of new industrialization in the division and city for the cadres of the whole division and company, and professional and technical lectures were often held within the company, which broadened the horizons of the corps technicians and strengthened their professional knowledge; in addition, Fang Xinqiu also actively carried out various activities such as poverty alleviation and poverty alleviation and donation of funds for education together with other cadres who aided Xinjiang.
During the period of aid to Xinjiang, Fang Xinqiu strictly followed the requirements of the doctoral service group of "scientific and technological staff, bridge ties, and personnel training", brilliantly completed the tasks assigned by the division party committee and the company where he was employed, made significant contributions to the development of the industry and the company in the division, and won the third class meritorious award of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. At the end of his service period, Fang Xinqiu rejected the political suggestions put forward to him by the main leaders of the First Agricultural Division, returned to his favorite university teaching and scientific research work, and was rated as "Top Ten Communist Party Members" by China University of Mining and Technology. At the "Symposium on The Return of Dr. Fang Xinqiu of the Mining Institute to Aid Xinjiang" held for him by the China University of Mining and Technology, looking back on the experience of aiding Xinjiang, he sighed: "The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps itself is a history of struggle, the conditions are very difficult, many people have dedicated their youth, dedicated their lives, and dedicated their children and grandchildren; what Xinjiang lacks is not financial support, but a lack of professional talents, and only by transforming the Tungong Shubian into the Tuncheng Shubian and invigorating the industry can we attract talents."
Zhang Aishu, then deputy secretary of the party committee of the China University of Mining and Technology, welcomed Fang Xinqiu's return from Xinjiang
03 Deep ploughing scientific research, intelligent mining has yielded fruitful results
"Dr. Fang Xinqiu has been engaged in mining teaching and scientific research for many years, has long been committed to the research and practice of intelligent and unmanned safe mining technology, and has taken the lead in establishing an intelligent working surface system engineering model at home and abroad, after years of integrated innovation and application exploration, the traditional coal mining science and technology and modern information technology have been deeply integrated, and in-depth research has been carried out in terms of intelligent perception of the mining environment, stope space disaster monitoring and early warning." Yuan Liang, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, wrote this evaluation in the preface to Fang Xinqiu's monograph "Theory and Practice of Stope Three-Machine Attitude Intelligent Perception". Since the publication of the first paper on intelligent mining in 2008, Fang Xinqiu has been committed to the research of intelligent mining in coal mines, intelligent perception and decision-making in mining, and has gradually formed a team development idea of "interdisciplinary-group team-strong alliance", and formed a safe and intelligent mining teaching and scientific research innovation team with an echelon structure of "academic leader - backbone member - general member", specializing in mining engineering, mechanical engineering, communication and information processing, measurement and control technology and instrumentation, computer science and technology, and intelligent control 3. Optical fiber communication and other discipline background, with a solid theoretical foundation and many years of practical experience in scientific research work, fruitful results.
Under the guidance of Academician Qian Minggao, Professor Fang Xinqiu's team put forward for the first time the core concept of "mining protective layer with intelligent working surface, multi-dimensional spatio-temporal extraction of adjacent layer pressure gas", conquered the key technical problems of safe and intelligent mining of high-gas coal seam group, and successfully applied it in The Shaqu Coal Mine of Huajin Coking Coal Co., Ltd., and the relevant transformation results won the highest award in the industrial field of mainland China - China Industry Award. At the same time, following the guidance of Academician Qian Minggao's concept of "scientific mining", along the road of intelligent mining, national projects such as "Research on Key Technologies of Longwall Working Surface Shearer Autonomous Positioning System", "Key Technology and Equipment for Thin Coal Seam Mining", "Research on Operation Attitude Perception of Longwall Working Surface Shearer Based on Optical Fiber Jet Inertial Navigation" have been completed or carried out, and have been summarized as unique intelligent working surface mining complete sets of technical systems and complete sets of intelligent perception of optical fibers in coal mining.
1) Intelligent working surface mining complete set of technical system. Intelligent working surface mining technology is a key component of intelligent mining, in view of the current technical bottleneck of intelligent mining, Professor Fang Xinqiu's team conducted in-depth research on the intelligent perception technology of the "three machines" attitude of the working surface, and for the first time built a complete technical system for intelligent working surface mining. Developed intelligent working surface shearer autonomous positioning technology and system, established a systematic error compensation model, developed navigation error reduction and systematic error processing technology, improved the positioning accuracy of shearer; constructed a shearer dynamic model and an automatic frame transfer constraint model, realized the real-time detection of shearer attitude and the automatic follow-up of the bracket; based on the principle of hydraulic bracket kinematics, established a hydraulic bracket attitude perception theory and technical system, combined with the hydraulic bracket top beam swing angle, bracket attitude and working resistance relationship, The coupling relationship around the bracket and the stability characteristics of the bracket clarify the attitude perception index system and safety range of the hydraulic bracket, and with the help of neural network and multi-sensing fusion algorithm, the real-time monitoring of the posture of the bracket on the movement state of the top plate, the strength of the mine pressure, the stability of the bracket, and the key structural conditions of the bracket are realized; the centralized control technology of the back mining roadway is used to realize the safe and efficient mining of the intelligent working surface.
Intelligent working surface mining complete set of technical system
2) Complete sets of equipment and technology for intelligent perception of optical fiber in coal mining. Intelligent perception is one of the key technologies of intelligent mining, in view of the low level of intelligent perception in coal mining, the small number of sensor types and other technical problems, fully combined with the advanced nature of optical fiber grating intelligent perception technology, through the analysis of FBG perception principle, the spectral distribution law of the strain field to the fiber grating reflection wavelength is revealed, the change law of the uniform/non-uniform strain field on the reflection spectrum of the fiber grating is analyzed, and the sensor response characteristics of the uniform/non-uniform strain field to the fiber grating are verified. Realized the multi-feature parametric dynamic strain function fiber grating target spectral reconstruction, established the fiber grating-matrix strain perception transmission theory and perception model, constructed the intelligent perception system of the working surface mining environment, innovated the intelligent perception technology of the surrounding rock information of the roadway, developed the data processing software of the optical fiber intelligent perception system for the coal mining environment, designed and developed the three-dimensional curvature sensor of the optical fiber grating for the first time, and proposed the three-dimensional bending morphology fitting perception and reconstruction method of the scraper conveyor. The three-dimensional bending test experimental platform of the scraper conveyor was established, the model of the straightness perception system of the scraper conveyor of the working surface was constructed, and the fiber perception technology of the straightness of the scraper conveyor of the working surface was proposed, which realized the real-time perception of the three-dimensional bending form of the scraper conveyor, and laid the foundation for the accurate control of the straightness of the scraper conveyor. A multi-parameter precision perception and safety decision-making technology system for intelligent working surface based on optical fiber intelligent perception is constructed, which realizes the comprehensive perception of mining environment information and equipment posture, and forms a complete set of equipment and technology for intelligent perception of optical fiber in coal mining.
Coal mining optical fiber intelligent perception complete set of equipment and technical system
Professor Fang Xinqiu and his team developed patented technologies such as "Missing Data Compensation Method for Mine Fiber Grating Monitoring System Based on Support Vector Machine", "Online Monitoring Method for Bracket Running Attitude Based on Fiber Grating Sensing", "Coal Mine Underground Safety Comprehensive Monitoring System Based on Fiber Grating Sensor" and other patented technologies are widely used in coal mine underground data monitoring and collection, and many other inventions have been authorized by international patents in Russia, Australia and other countries.
Fiber grating sensing technology is applied in the field underground
04 Preaching and teaching, cultivating mining science and technology talents
Professor Fang Xinqiu taught undergraduate and graduate courses such as "Smart Mine", "Intelligent Mining", "Intelligent Perception of Mining Environment", "Introduction to Intelligent Mining", "Mining Science", "Resource Development and Planning", "Non-coal Mining Technology", etc.; the "Intelligent Perception of Mining Environment" and "Introduction to Intelligent Mining" and other textbooks led to the "Series of Textbooks for Intelligent Mining Engineering in Ordinary Colleges and Universities", "Theory and Practice of Intelligent Perception of Three-Machine Attitudes of Stopees", "Theory and Practice of Intelligent Perception of Surrounding Rocks in Roadways" And other monographs are desk books for many scientific and technological workers engaged in intelligent mining. In recent years, the concepts of intelligent mining and unmanned mining in coal mines have gradually been well known by the coal industry and have become the technical consensus of the high-quality development of the coal industry, and as early as 2008, Professor Fang Xinqiu has added a professional elective course of "unmanned mining technology" to the training program of the mining engineering major ("Discussion on the Setting of the Elective Course of the "Unmanned Mining Technology" can be learned in detail), so that students can understand the most cutting-edge coal mining technology.
Fang Xinqiu edited the academic works and textbooks
Fang Xinqiu edited the academic works and textbooks
Fang Xinqiu edited the academic works and textbooks
Fang Xinqiu edited the academic works and textbooks
Professor Fang Xinqiu gave dozens of lectures on intelligent mining in government departments, enterprises and institutions of higher learning such as the State Mine Safety Supervision Bureau, the Training Center of the Ministry of Emergency Management, the China Coal Industry Association, the China Coal Society, the National Energy Group, the China Coal Energy Group, the Shandong Energy Group, the Shanxi Coking Coal Group, the Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum Mining Co., Ltd., the Yunnan Coal Chemical Group, the Zhejiang University, the Shanghai Jiao Tong University and other government departments, enterprises and institutions of higher learning, and actively popularized and popularized the ideas and technologies of intelligent mining.
"One party new knowledge, three autumn peach plum", this is the text engraved by the graduating students on the pen given to Professor Fang Xinqiu. Professor Fang Xinqiu has trained more than 70 masters and doctors, most of whom are still engaged in mining mining related work in mining universities, scientific research institutes, and coal mining enterprises, and they have memorized Professor Fang Xinqiu's strict teachings of learning, diligence, honesty, and leniency, and have been externalized in practice, and many have served as directors of scientific research institutes, chief engineers of coal mines, and teachers of colleges and universities. Teacher Fang is sincere and tolerant when getting along with students, and often discusses and stimulates thinking with students in the research group on specific academic or work issues, and this team atmosphere has always affected students to continuously improve their work style in their work.
05 Keeping in mind the original intention, intelligent mining scientific research continues to stop
Intelligent mining bright, this is Professor Fang Xinqiu's screen name, but also his expectations for the future development of the coal industry. At present, although intelligent mining and intelligent perception technology have achieved a series of achievements, there is still a big gap between the real realization of intelligent and unmanned mining. How to use multi-sensor information and big data to deeply integrate and focus on mining effective information; how to accelerate the visualization and intelligence of the perception and decision-making system, so as to realize the integration of mine safety coordination and decision-making control; how to realize the integration of "human-machine-ring-pipe" perception, analysis, decision-making, control, management and many other scientific and technological problems still need to be deeply studied and solved. Tackling key technologies of intelligent mining and serving the intelligent, safe and efficient development of coal mines is the original intention and mission of Professor Fang Xinqiu and his team to explore up and down the mining field, and it is also the common goal of mine scientific researchers!