On November 25, 1950, more than a month after the Chinese Volunteers were stationed in Korea, Mao Anying died in the Bombing of the U.S. Army on the Korean Battlefield. At that time, Mao Anying was only 28 years old, which can be described as a young talent but died young. Mao Anying's death was also the sixth person in Chairman Mao's family to die for the cause of New China.
At that time, Marshal Peng Dehuai, who was in the Korean War, sent a telegram to Mao Zedong in Beijing to report the funeral. Marshal Peng Dehuai knew that Mao Anying was Mao Zedong's beloved son, and this news was a thunderbolt for Mao Zedong, who was a father. Therefore, a telegram of dozens of words, Marshal Peng Dehuai Did not finish it for more than an hour, until the last burst of artillery shells finally woke him up, and then sent the telegram back to Beijing with a heavy heart.
At that time, the first person to see the telegram was Premier Zhou Enlai, who originally had the ardent expectation of seeing the victory report on the front line, and after seeing the words "Comrade Mao Anying's unfortunate sacrifice," his eyes immediately turned red.
Zhou Enlai thought that Chairman Mao was busy with major state affairs, and his body was a little uncomfortable, and he did not want him to accept the pain of losing his son, so he hid this telegram for a month. It was not until Chairman Mao was well that Zhou Enlai dared to take out this telegram and tell Chairman Mao this fact.
Chairman Mao looked at the fifteen words on the telegram and his hands trembled. Then in the evening, Chairman Mao shed tears, which was a kind of pain of the departure of his beloved son and the sending of black hair by the white-haired man!
Chiang Kai-shek's conversation with Chiang Ching-kuo
At this time, Chiang Kai-shek in Taiwan had already learned the news of Mao Anying's death through the intelligence of the Americans. At that time, Chiang Kai-shek did not have schadenfreude, but talked to Chiang Ching-kuo alone.
According to the later recollections of Chiang Kai-shek's attendants, his gaze was full of complexity and sorrow. At that time, he asked Chiang Ching-kuo:
"That Mao Anying was killed by an American bomb in North Korea, did you see this news?"
Jiang Jingguo nodded and said, "I already know." ”
Chiang Kai-shek also said:
"I saw that this Mao Anying also studied in the Soviet Union before, and you also studied in the Soviet Union, do you know him?" ”
Chiang Ching-kuo shook his head and said:
"When Mao Anying went to the Soviet Union, I was about to graduate and had never met."
Soong Mei-ling, who was listening at the scene, did not seem to be willing to talk about this issue, so she complained to Chiang Kai-shek with some complaints:
"Well, why talk about this?" Your son will not die..."
This sentence made Chiang Kai-shek very irritable to hear this, so he said to Soong Mei Ling:
"Go to sleep first."
After Soong Mei-ling left, Chiang Kai-shek continued to be silent for a while, and then continued to say to Chiang Ching-kuo:
"Jingguo, you have to live well, and the president of the Republic of China can be replaced." However, the president's last name cannot be changed. ”
When Chiang Ching-kuo heard his father's words, he immediately stood up from the bench and then solemnly nodded to his father. Chiang Kai-shek's words were also a political signal, asking Chiang Ching-kuo to take care of himself and not to let the lifeblood of the Chiang family be lost, implying that he would pass on his power to his son. At the same time, it also shows Chiang Kai-shek's ambition to establish a hereditary Chiang family dynasty in Taiwan.
This incident also proves that although Chiang Ching-kuo and Mao Anying are the eldest sons of the supreme leaders of the kmt and the COMMUNIST Party, they are two different models. Chiang Kai-shek trained his eldest son, Chiang Ching-kuo, to prepare for his own succession of power and for the ambitions of the Chiang family dynasty. However, Mao Zedong sent his eldest son Mao Anying to the Korean battlefield not for gilding, but only to let Mao Anying defend his family and defend the country and be a "qualified" son of the people, but a spirit of dedicating everything to the country and the masses of the people.
Chiang Ching-kuo's life
Let's look at the similarity between Chiang Ching-kuo and Mao Anying, that is, they both studied in the Soviet Union. First, let's look at Chiang Ching-kuo, who was born in 1910 in Fenghua, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. Chiang Kai-shek's father had always been in the salt business, and before liberation, salt merchants were all industry that became rich.
When Chiang Ching-kuo was born, his father Chiang Kai-shek returned from studying in Japan and was promoted within the Kuomintang with the help of his eldest brother Chen Qimei. At that time, Chiang Kai-shek also made a lot of money by speculating in stocks on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, and Chiang Ching-kuo also attended the best aristocratic primary school in Shanghai when he was a child.
In particular, Chiang Kai-shek relied on loyalty and courage to defend Sun Yat-sen in the "Zhongshan Ship Incident" and won the promotion and trust of Sun Yat-sen. After 1927, it can be said that it had grasped the real power of the Kuomintang army. Therefore, chiang ching-kuo, as the eldest son of Chiang Kai-shek, grew up in the most superior environment as a child and a teenager, enjoyed rich material living conditions, and had sunshine, temperature and soil.
Later, chiang ching-kuo went to the Soviet Union to study at the age of 15, that is, after 1925, and did not return to China until 1937, when the Anti-Japanese War broke out. At that time, in order to use Chairman Chiang Kai-shek to contain the swollen Power of Japan, the Soviets sent Chiang Ching-kuo back to China.
When Chiang Ching-kuo returned to China, Chiang Kai-shek always treated this eldest son as the successor of power, the "prince". Thus, Chiang Ching-kuo began his life all the way:
For example, in 1938, the year after Chiang Ching-kuo returned to China, the 28-year-old Chiang Ching-kuo was appointed as the county magistrate of Ganxian County, Jiangxi Province, to exercise his ability to engage in politics.
From 1939 to 1944, Chiang Ching-kuo served as inspector of the Fourth Administrative Region of Jiangxi, commander of district security, commander of air defense, head of the protection regiment, director of the Jiangxi Branch of the Three People's Nationalist Youth League, and member of the Jiangxi Provincial Government.
Although Chiang Ching-kuo had a rich official resume from his return to China to 1944, he did not achieve relatively large political achievements in these official posts. Obviously, Chiang Kai-shek gilded his son Chiang Ching-kuo in order to have him succeed him in the future.
Later, in January 1944, Chiang Ching-kuo became the chief of education of the Central Cadre School of the Three Youth Leagues. In October of that year, Chiang Ching-kuo made full use of his aura as the head of school education to successfully call on tens of thousands of students to join the army and organize a youth army to resist Japan. Chiang Ching-kuo himself was the director of the General Political Department of the Youth Army, chiang ching-kuo was in charge of military power at this time, and at the age of 34 he was already a lieutenant general of the Kuomintang.
From this time on, Chiang Ching-kuo also gradually entered the central circle of power of the Kuomintang government. It can be seen that Chiang Ching-kuo, from the age of 27 when he returned to China, and then to the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, in just eight years, has been promoted by his father to the position of lieutenant general of the Kuomintang and lieutenant general of the General Political Department of the Youth Army, which is the signal of cultivating successors like the inheritance of the ancient imperial throne!
After that, Chiang Kai-shek gradually let Chiang Ching-kuo personally participate in some important political activities to hone his ability. For example, in 1945, Chiang Ching-kuo, along with Song Ziwen, president of the Executive Yuan of the Kuomintang government, went to the Soviet Union to sign the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance. In this way, Chiang Ching-kuo participated in the country's foreign affairs and began to emerge.
After the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Chiang Ching-kuo held important posts in the Ministry of National Defense of the Nationalist Government in Nanjing, and was also elected as a member of the Central Executive Committee. In 1948, when Chiang Kai-shek saw that shanghai's inflation was very serious, it was the corrupt Kuomintang officials who had made a mess of the economy of Shanghai, a big city, so he also sent Chiang Ching-kuo to Shanghai to "fight tigers." At that time, Chiang Ching-kuo went to Shanghai to carry out economic regulation and control, but due to limited ability, almost all means of regulation and control failed.
Although Chiang Ching-kuo's political achievements in these matters were mediocre, because he was the bloodline of the supreme head of the Kuomintang, he was always a "prince" and would inherit the "great unification" in the future. After the defeat of the Kuomintang in Taiwan, Chiang Kai-shek continued to arrange for Chiang Ching-kuo to hold various government positions.
In 1964, he also served as deputy director and director of the "Ministry of National Defense". Five years later, in 1969, Chiang Ching-kuo served as vice president of the "Executive Yuan", and in 1972 he was transferred from vice president to president of the "Executive Yuan". In 1975, after Chiang Kai-shek's death, the "crown prince" Chiang Ching-kuo successfully ascended the throne and became the chairman of the Kuomintang Central Committee. In 1978, he officially took over as "president". In 1984, Chiang Ching-kuo was re-elected "president" and leader of the Kuomintang until his death in 1988.
From all this, we can see that chiang ching-kuo's life trajectory after returning to China was all handled by his father Chiang Kai-shek, with the purpose of becoming a successor to power, and it is also a real "gilded"!
Mao Anying's childhood
Mao Anying, the eldest son of Mao Zedong, was twelve years old and was born in 1922. Mao Anying's birth, not as good as Chiang Ching-kuo's, was born with a golden key, and as soon as he was born, he was in a turbulent and displaced revolutionary environment, and his childhood life was also very difficult, just like the pitiful and miserable "Sanmao Wanderer" in the movie!
Mao Anying was born in Qingshuitang, Changsha, the first son of Chairman Mao. At that time, when Mao Zedong first became a father, he naturally had high expectations for Mao Anying's birth, calling him "Mao Anying", which means tall and mighty, and Ying is brilliant.
Unfortunately, not long after Mao Anying was born, he was in a wandering living environment. At that time, after Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12 Counter-Revolutionary Coup", the contradictions between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party further escalated, and the Nationalist government publicly announced the arrest of Communists. Thus, in less than five months, a total of thirty-one thousand revolutionary masses were persecuted.
At that time, the Communists also realized that only by launching armed struggle could they resist the white rule of the Kuomintang reactionaries. As a member of the Communist Party, Mao Zedong ran to Jinggangshan, on the border between Hunan and Jiangxi, to establish a revolutionary base area.
The Kuomintang authorities were also worried that the Red Army was too strong and in crisis to its own rule, and when they could not catch the Communists, they targeted Mao Zedong's wife and children, Yang Kaihui and Mao Anying' three brothers.
In this way, Yang Kaihui took three children and could only return to her mother's home, that is, the Bancang family in Changsha County, Hunan Province. In this way, when Mao Anying was a child, he could be said to have lost the protection of his father, and together with his brother, he and his mother depended on each other. At that time, 26-year-old Yang Kaihui relied on his own strength to earn money and live on a shoestring, and Mao Anying's childhood could be described as very materially scarce.
At first, Yang Kaihui relied on the help of his neighbors to escape the pursuit of the Kuomintang authorities. However, in 1930, Yang Kaihui finally could not escape the clutches of the devil, and was arrested by the Hunan warlord He Jian at his home, and even his children were imprisoned.
In this way, The eight-year-old Mao Anying was arrested and imprisoned with his brother, and experienced the cold of the iron fence window as a child.
At that time, the sensible Mao Anying asked Yang Kaihui in prison:
"Mother, can we still live?"
Yang Kaihui replied:
"Child, learn from your father."
Although this is a short conversation, it is also the final farewell of mother and son. At that time, after repeatedly torturing Yang Kaihui, the enemy could not obtain any secrets, and finally issued an order to brutally kill her.
In this way, Mao Anying, who was only eight years old, watched as his beloved mother was tortured in prison and eventually killed. After that, Mao Anying was released from prison on bail by his uncle Yang Kaizhi and went to live with his grandmother.
If they are children of ordinary people, after being released from prison and witnessing the killing of their relatives, they may be mentally severely injured and will have introverted inferiority from then on. However, Mao Anying was different, seeing his father leave his hometown in pain for the sake of revolutionary ideals, and watching his mother Yang Kaihui use her life to teach him a vivid revolutionary lesson. At this point, the seeds of revolution had completely taken root in his heart.
At that time, in order to let his children escape the pursuit of the Kuomintang reactionaries, Mao Zedong contacted his brother Mao Zemin in Shanghai and sent his three children to the shanghai underground party to establish a kindergarten specially for the orphans of the revolutionary martyrs.
When she was in kindergarten in Shanghai, Mao Anying, who was still in her childhood class, took care of her two younger brothers like her parents. During this period, Mao Anying's younger brother Mao Anying unfortunately fell ill and died.
Unfortunately, in 1931, due to Gu Xianzhang's rebellion, the Shanghai underground party organization was destroyed. In this way, the Mao Anying brothers lost their stable living environment in kindergarten and were raised by Dong Jianwu, a comrade of the Communist Party. In 1933, the Mao Brothers were forced to wander the streets of Shanghai due to economic problems.
At that time, Mao Anying was only ten years old, and he was also a child, and in modern times, he was also spoiled in the arms of his parents and attended elementary school in a clean classroom.
However, ten-year-old Mao Anying is a stray out-of-school child who bears the responsibility of taking care of his younger brother like his parents. In bustling Shanghai, in order to earn money to support himself and his brother, Mao Anying worked as an apprentice, sold newspapers, picked up garbage, and pushed rickshaws, but he took the initiative to do any work that could make money, even if it was humble. As Mao Anying later recalled after watching the movie "The Wanderings of Sanmao":
"Except for not stealing anything from anyone, I didn't recognize a rich man as a dry father, and everything else was the same as Sanmao in "Sanmao Wanderings". Sleeping on the road, mopping the floor, picking up the rags from the dumpsters, it's all dry. There is a Waibaidu Bridge in Shanghai, the rickshaw is very laborious to pull up, my brother An qing and I are behind to help push, push up to give people a few small money. ”
It can be seen that when he was a teenager, Mao Anying lived a life of wandering and starvation, which was extremely miserable, and it was a world away from Chiang Ching-kuo, who attended an aristocratic school in Shanghai and enjoyed a glorious and rich life in his childhood.
Later, Mao Anying and his brother were found by the party organization. Before they could reunite with their father, the party organization sent them to the relatively safe Soviet Union and then to the International Children's Institute in Moscow.
As the saying goes, children of poor families can suffer. Due to the poverty of his childhood, Mao Anying has been studying hard during his school years and serving as the captain of the junior team. In 1939, Mao Anying also served as the secretary of the Communist Youth League branch due to his positive performance. Later, Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union, and the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union also broke out, and Mao Anying also took the initiative to participate in the Great Patriotic War. However, according to the agreement between the two countries, Chinese students did not have any obligation to perform military service, but Mao Anying also took the initiative to ask to join the army.
After that, Mao Anying earned the rank of second lieutenant through his own efforts, and later entered the military academy to study, and participated in many large-scale overseas operations with the Soviet Red Army.
Because of Mao Anying's positive performance, in 1946, on the eve of the victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and Mao Anying's return to China, Stalin personally met with the son of this ill-fated, poor-born, hard-working, and courageous and enterprising supreme leader of the Communist Party of China. Stalin, who had been arrogant all his life, gave Mao Anying a pistol, which was a recognition of Mao Anying's ability.
Mao Anying, who exercised in the poor and lower middle peasants
When Mao Anying returned to China in 1946, he was 24 years old, three years younger than Chiang Ching-kuo's return. If Mao Zedong was committed to cultivating Mao Anying as a successor to power, he should at least learn from Chiang Kai-shek, immediately give his son the same position as a county magistrate (at the department level) similar to (Ganxian County), and then exercise his work experience in the official field, cultivate cronies, and then promote him little by little.
But Mao Zedong was not so doting on children, and he actually arranged for his son to go to the mountains and go to the countryside to become a farmer, and to learn to farm with the model worker Wu Manyou (an old farmer). Mao Zedong mainly disliked the "decency" of his son's Soviet military, and planned to let him mingle with the poor and lower-middle peasants, with the goal of allowing Mao Anying to exercise at the grassroots level and experience the hardships of ordinary peasant life, that is, to study and further study at the "Labor University".
It can be seen that although Mao Anying is the son of Chairman Mao, the supreme leader of the Communist Party, he has not received any preferential treatment, and like a child of an ordinary family, he is doing the simplest work at the grassroots level day after day to serve the people.
After that, Mao Zedong arranged for Mao Anying's career line as follows: after studying labor, he worked with the peasants to carry out land reform, do propaganda, and become a secretary. After the end of the Three-Year Liberation War, Mao Anyingcai was promoted by his father, Mao Zedong, to the highest position of deputy secretary of the party committee at a factory.
However, on the other hand, we also see that Mr. Chiang Ching-kuo, the eldest son of the old Chiang Kai-shek, in just four or five years after his return to China, that is, from June 1939 to June 1945, Chiang Ching-kuo served as the administrative inspector and security commander of the fourth administrative district of Jiangxi Province (which governs 11 counties in Gannan Province), just like the secretary of the municipal party committee of the prefecture-level city and the commander of the local military sub-district today, and he has seized military power. However, Comrade Mao Anying went from an ordinary peasant to the deputy secretary of the party committee of a factory. Although after the outbreak of the Liberation War, Comrade Mao Anying also applied to do things on the battlefield in the past, but was rejected by the central authorities.
From this point of view, it is nonsense to say that Mao Zedong was to cultivate Mao Anying as his successor! In the later stages of the Liberation War, the People's Liberation Army completely beat up the Kuomintang army and defeated the Nationalist army all the way, which was absolutely safe and risk-free. If he really let his son take over, why didn't Mao Zedong arrange for him to go to the rear of the battlefield in the later stages of the Liberation War, and why did he have to follow the old peasants to learn to cultivate land, engage in land reform, and engage in propaganda?
As Mao Anying, the eldest son of Mao Zedong, he was also very clear about his father's wishes. He also proved with his own practical actions that although he was the son of the Supreme Leader, he could not be specialized and regarded himself strictly as an ordinary laborer. Mao Anying did not live up to his father's expectations, strictly disciplined himself, mingled with the workers and peasants, and exercised his ability and increased his knowledge at the grassroots level.
Mao Anying, who was Mao Zedong's qualified son
In early 1950, on the eve of the outbreak of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, US imperialism envisioned the annihilation of the newborn people's power in its womb.
At that time, Mao Anying realized his heavy burden and took the initiative to ask Miao to fight. Initially, everyone in our Party did not support Mao Anying's participation in the war, including his father Chairman Mao, who did not agree. The reason is also very simple, like every parent, who does not give up the departure of his child.
However, at this time, Mao Anying bravely stood up and said:
"You always taught me that I am the son of the people, so now I should go to Korea like everyone else."
Mao Anying's deep patriotism and sincerity deeply touched Mao Zedong. At this time, Mao Anying also became an excellent revolutionary fighter.
On the eve of parting, Mao Anying looked at his father Mao Zedong and asked this sentence:
"Am I qualified to be Mao Zedong's son?"
Chairman Mao smiled and said gently:
"When you come back, I'll give you an answer."
So Mao Anying took the answer to this question to the Korean battlefield. Mao Anying, who came to the Korean battlefield, had a very secret identity, and only a few people, including Peng Shuai, knew his true identity. At that time, Mao Anying refused the treatment of "small stove" and insisted on eating and living with the soldiers. In this way, Mao Anying in Korea, like other comrades-in-arms, was covered in dust and lice.
The weather in North Korea was extremely cold, and even Mao Anying did not receive a coat to be distributed until the commander draped his coat over Mao Anying, and Mao Anying worked and rested in other people's coats until he finally died. It can be seen that Mao Anying did not make any unreasonable demands on the organization because of his special status.
The last photograph of Mao Anying before entering North Korea
Unfortunately, it was this revolutionary fighter Mao Anying, who had the selfless realm of a grand duke, who sacrificed himself for the rescue of documents. At that time, Mao Anying was in the office of commander-in-chief Peng Dehuai, Dayudong, and because there were more wireless signals sent and received, it naturally attracted the attention of the US military. They believed that this was the commander-in-chief of the Chinese Volunteer Army, so they sent bombers to carry out bombing missions every day.
On November 25, 1950, when the morale of the volunteers was soaring and they were preparing to launch the second campaign, Mao Anying was also sorting out documents in the headquarters, when he heard the bombers coming, he immediately followed the soldiers to hide in the hiding place.
Then, when the sound of the plane disappeared, Mao Anying thought that there were some confidential documents in the wooden house, so he ran back to the house to get the documents. However, at this moment, suddenly a US bomber turned around and dropped a bomb over the wooden house. In this way, the wooden house was engulfed in flames, and Mao Anying, who had no time to escape from the rescue documents, died heroically at the age of twenty-eight.
At that time, Peng always knew that it was Mao Anying who died, and he could not cry. After that, Peng Dehuai sat in front of the telegram for more than an hour, and finally wrote less than three crosses: On November 25, the General Headquarters was bombed by the US army, and Comrade Mao Anying died heroically.
When Chairman Mao, who was far away in Beijing, learned of the death of his beloved son, he muttered to himself in the middle of the night, in the midst of his grief:
"You are a qualified son, a qualified son of the people..."
It seems that Mao Anying proved himself to be a fearless proletarian revolutionary fighter with his own actions. Mao Anying's death was "a major loss among all the great losses of our party, our army, and the people of the mainland."
epilogue:
Chiang Kai-shek trained Chiang Ching-kuo for the sake of "the whole world." Even if it were not for the "Jiangnan case", the isolation of Taiwan in the world, and the self-destructive future of Chiang Ching-kuo, Chiang Ching-kuo would not have ended the Chiang family dynasty's rule in Taiwan so easily if it were not for the "Jiangnan case", as well as Taiwan's self-destruction prospects.
Comparing Mao Anying with Chiang Ching-kuo, we can see that the Communist Party can outperform the Kuomintang, not because of weapons or strategy, but because of the dedication of the people. It is this spirit of dedicating everything to the country and the people, and it is the magic weapon for the Communist Party to lead the Chinese people to achieve achievements in revolution and socialist construction!