In the early summer, the temperature began to heat up, in many places the temperature just reached more than 30 ° C, everyone feels that the heat can not stand it, do not know that in South Asia's India and Pakistan, many of the temperature on the ground has been approaching 50 ° C, the highest temperature in 122 years.
The above is the temperature distribution map of parts of South Asia on April 29 this year, India and Pakistan in a large area are above 40 degrees, many areas up to 46 degrees, the central part of Pakistan up to 49 degrees, such a temperature on the road to fry eggs is very easy.
On April 29, the World Meteorological Organization issued a document saying that from March to April this year, south Asia experienced a century of rare high temperature roasting, especially at the end of April, India and Pakistan have appeared in many places nearly 50 ° C high temperature, india central and northwest pakistan, the temperature is extremely hot, WMO said that this year's south Asian heat wave is the highest peak in 122 years, the region's heat wave is more frequent, more intense, start earlier than in the past, most of the daytime temperature is 5-8 degrees Celsius higher than the same period in previous years.
Extreme heat is actually a weather disaster, northern India is the Himalayas, there are a lot of glaciers and snow, and the high temperature will melt ice and snow leading to flash floods, so floods and geological disasters may occur.
Not only will it cause floods, high temperatures are more likely to cause drought, because rising temperatures will accelerate the evaporation of water, and the dry season is not easy to rain, so rivers and lakes are more likely to dry up, it is reported that some sections of the Yamuna River, the largest tributary of the Ganges, have dried up, and crops and other plants are also easily killed by dry heat waves or dry and dry to death by lack of water, people in some areas of India and Pakistan have also had difficulty eating and drafting, and the official had to call vehicles to supply water to residents.
In addition to floods and droughts, high temperature weather is also easy to cause fires, the so-called dry weather, be careful of fire candles, the more drought and less rain, hot and hot weather, flammables are more likely to catch fire, fires in the wild have become easier, according to the Indian Forest Survey Bureau data, on April 27 this year, there were more than 300 fires burning.
High temperatures also have a greater adverse impact on human health, the most direct impact is heat stroke, data show that the heat wave in June 2015 once caused more than 2,000 deaths in India, and the heat wave during this time was hotter than that one. The Indian Weather Channel reported that the hot temperatures and lack of water had caused "serious casualties", with a group of monkeys in Rajasthan finding themselves dead from heat stroke, and reports that "dozens of people had died from heat stroke and heat-related causes".
The temperature is too high is indispensable to the cooling of the air conditioning system, then the cooling of the air conditioning system also consumes a lot of electricity, but also created India's electricity consumption record, because 75% of India's electric energy is emitted by burning coal power, so a large amount of electricity has led to a sharp decline in India's coal inventory, in order to strengthen coal transportation capacity, India canceled 753 passenger trains and increased the coal capacity of freight trains.
South Asia is hotter every year, and this year it is even hotter, although it has been the highest temperature in more than 100 years! But since the rainy season in South Asia doesn't arrive until at least June, sometimes July, strong heat waves will continue to scorch South Asia in May and June, most likely creating higher weather temperatures. The Indian Meteorological Service has also predicted that temperatures in northern and western India could reach 50 degrees Celsius in May, and even set a record in the history of temperature monitoring (more than 52.6 degrees Celsius).
The figure above shows a schematic map of the ground temperature in South Asia, where the black part is as high as 50 °C, while the white part is 60 °C and above.
Speaking of the hottest regions on the earth, we usually think of Africa, because Africa has the Sahara Desert, the summer world is very hot and arid, but in fact, the Sahara Desert is deserted, where the high temperature has little impact on humans, and sub-Saharan African countries are not particularly hot in summer, in the areas where humans gather more, South Asia and West Asia are the hottest places on the earth, of which South Asia is one of the most densely populated areas in the world. Today, 1.86 billion people live here, and every year they experience a heat wave in late spring and early summer, and although the mainland has a large population, the temperature is much cooler in most areas, and the high temperature in the middle of summer is much lower than in South Asia.
Why is this happening in March and June, when the dry season in India and Pakistan is at its hottest in South Asia? In fact, it is mainly related to the terrain here, the north of the South Asian subcontinent is the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the average altitude of the Himalayas is as high as 6000 meters, the northwest has the Hindu Kush Mountains and the Suleiman Mountains, the East Rakhine Mountains, and the Indian Peninsula has the East Ghats in the east, and the West Ghats in the west, such terrain is like an oven that can keep warm, making it difficult to release the heat generated in the summer, and the hot air flow from West Asia and the Indian Ocean can enter the South Asian subcontinent, so every year 3 ~ When the weather starts to get hotter in June, the South Asian subcontinent is subjected to a prolonged wave of heat. However, in recent decades, the annual average temperature here has gradually increased, which is also related to global warming.
Only at the end of June or July, when the South Asian season changes to the wet season, the warm and humid air flow in the Indian Ocean begins to enter the South Asian subcontinent, and the wet season from July to October of the year begins, when the rain is continuous, tropical storms often visit the Indian peninsula, and the temperature will drop. But it's only now May, and with just over a month to go before the cooler season, people in South Asia have to put up with it.
Resources:
"Shangguan News" May 1 article "50 degrees high temperature! India may suffer the strongest heat wave in 122 years, canceling passenger trains under the power crisis"
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