During the pandemic,
Students study at home,
A large number of learning tasks need to be completed through online courses and self-discipline,
This is a healthy brain, a reasonable arrangement of learning time
Higher demands are set.
The brain is the core of learning,
Mastering the laws of brain learning can learn more efficiently.
so
How to use the knowledge of brain science,
Make a study plan that suits you,
What about making learning at home more efficient?
recently
Jing'an District Science and Technology Association invites well-known brain scientists,
Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University
Dr. Huang Xiang, deputy chief physician of neurosurgery, made the interpretation.
The essence of learning:
Information is engraved into the cerebral cortex to form a stable long-term memory
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Like computers, information must be screened and encoded before it can be carved into the cerebral cortex, and the key part of performing these steps is the hippocampal gyrus of the brain. The hippocampal gyrus is located deep in the brain, one on each side, and is named hippocampal gyrus because it looks like an animal hippocampus.
Key to learning:
Make good use of the physiological characteristics of hippocampal gyrus
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From the perspective of brain science, most of the ways to improve learning efficiency are to fight with the hippocampus. The key to learning is to make good use of the physiological characteristics of the hippocampal gyrus. So how does the hippocampal back work? Hungarian neuroscientist Gerji Buzhy Buzsaki once wrote in The Rhythm of the Brain that if the neocortex of the brain is imagined as a huge library, the hippocampus is the librarian.
The task of the hippocampal gyrus is to sift through useful information and store it for long-term memory, which works in two ways:
First, the hippocampal loop measures whether a message is remembered by whether that information is beneficial to your survival. Therefore, it is easier to remember which poisonous mushrooms to eat than how many emperors there were in the Tang Dynasty. How to escape in the event of an earthquake is easier to remember than the mathematical calculus formula.
Second, hippocampal back work often happens when you're asleep.
Based on the working characteristics of the hippocampal return, four methods to improve learning efficiency are sorted out.
Method 1: Stimulate interest in learning
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When you feel like learning content from the bottom of your heart, the brain will judge that this content is conducive to survival and quickly carve it into the cerebral cortex. Therefore, you can choose what you are interested in learning, or actively create an interest in learning. Try doing this:
Give meaning. Give meaning to content that you weren't originally interested in. For example, if learning English is not really interesting, but you are interested in studying abroad, or your favorite person likes to speak English, then tie the two together, set ambitious goals, and make English part of achieving the goal.
Create rewards. Create rewards that the brain likes for completing content that you're not interested in. For example, after completing a certain learning task, reward yourself to do a favorite thing (mobile game, playing ball, watching TV, eating chicken legs can be), when you associate what you like to do with the learning task, the interest will come, and the hippocampus will also be activated.
Method 2 to improve efficiency: Keep repeating
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If you are really not interested in what you are learning, you can stimulate the hippocampus with a lot of repetition. In the case of constant impact of information, the hippocampal gyrus will be considered to be related to survival and judged to be long-term memory storage. So the secret to learning memory is ultimately repetition.
Repetition, commonly referred to as review, is skillful, and there are four key words to pay attention to:
▲Review time
According to the German psychologist Ebbinghaus's study of the forgetting curve, forgetting begins immediately after learning, and the process of forgetting is not uniform. Forgetting is fast at first, but gradually slowing down later. After a day of learning, if you do not hurry to review, you will only have 33.7% of the original.
Over time, the rate of forgetting slows down and the amount of forgetting decreases accordingly. According to the law of the forgetting curve, it is recommended to arrange the review time as follows→
First review: 2 days after study; Second review: 1 week after the first review; 3rd review: 2 weeks after the second review; 4th review: 1 month after the third review.
▲Review quality
To ensure that each review is as attentive as each review, can not because you feel that you have learned, will, began not serious, so that the hippocampus will still feel that this content is not important, reduce the efficiency of memory.
▲Review content
The content of each review should be basically the same, not too different, otherwise the hippocampus will be judged as new information to re-enter the memory information screening. It should be noted that there is no conflict in learning new knowledge and review, and can be carried out at the same time. In your day's study plan, there must be both review content and new knowledge learning.
▲Apply what you have learned
You may have heard the saying, "Force input with output." When a knowledge point is finally applied, it is the best time point for the hippocampal gyrus to be activated.
Method 3 to improve efficiency: use the lambda wave
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The θ wave is a kind of brain wave, and its role is to stimulate the hippocampal gyrus, improve the efficiency of memory, and also enhance the creativity of the brain. However, the θ wave does not appear all the time, and is a kind of brain wave with considerable conditions. When you study what you're interested in, the lambda wave appears. When the brain feels movement, it also emits a wave of lambda. From an evolutionary point of view, it is the long hunting life that allows the human brain to evolve the characteristics of thinking quickly in the chase. Some people shake their heads and endorse it will improve efficiency, some people can get a lot of good ideas by pacing back and forth or walking, and the principle behind the brain science is to create conditions for the brain to feel the movement to produce θ waves and improve learning efficiency.
So you can also go out for a walk and be inspired when you don't have ideas, or you can also have the opportunity to open your mind while looking at the scenery on a fast-moving vehicle. Of course, during the pandemic, we can't go out, and pacing back and forth at home can also lead to waves of lambda.
Method 4 for efficiency gains: Moderate hunger
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When the stomach is hungry, the stomach will secrete a hunger hormone, which can enter the hippocampal gyrus of the brain after entering the blood circulation, prompting hippocampal neurons to produce a long-term enhancement effect, making the brain's memory center more active and more stable. On the contrary, after eating a full meal, not only will the level of ghrelin decrease, but the blood will be relatively concentrated in the stomach and intestines, often resulting in a decrease in the level of brain activity, which is why people will be sleepy once they are full. This also reminds us that we must make good use of the time before meals, for example, we can arrange breakfast after morning reading, and use the moderate hunger before breakfast to improve the memorization efficiency of morning reading.
Method 5 to improve efficiency: Get enough sleep
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Sleep is a very important part of memory, because the coding and screening of hippocampal gyrus mostly occurs in sleep at night, like summarizing and combing through all the content of daytime learning and experience. Staying up late or not getting enough sleep can lead to hippocampal return work disorders, decreased memory ability, and seriously affect learning efficiency.
Source: Shanghai Jing'an