【Lecture Hall】
Author: Lin Dong (Professor, Doctoral Supervisor, National Defense University)
The new military reform is not designed to be formed naturally, and the advanced organizational model, institutional arrangement and operation mode also depend on the improvement of people's behavior quality and the transformation of behavior mode, that is, the need for an organizational ecological environment suitable for change, to avoid the end of "oranges born in Huaibei are oranges". Practice has shown that organizational behavior is the most intuitive reflection of the state of combat effectiveness, and under the condition that no actual combat test is used, the superiority or inferiority of organizational behavior is the internal basis for judging the victory of the armed forces of various countries in fighting battles, and it is the most direct benchmark for examining the effectiveness of new military reforms.
The Hainan Provincial Headquarters of the Armed Police force has carried out a red-and-blue confrontation exercise, and the disposal detachment is making arrangements for tactics. Ray Ray Photo/Bright Picture
Without a change in organizational behavior, the new military reform will not be completed
Organizational behavior change is a sign that the new military change has penetrated deep into the marrow. As Bacon's "Theory of Habits" pointed out: Thought determines behavior, behavior determines habit, habit determines character, and character determines destiny. The fate of a soldier is determined by his or her individual military actions, while the overall fate of the army is determined by the conduct of the organization.
Historical experience shows that only by implementing advanced military thinking into organizational behavior can we realize the military revolution. The military revolution boils down to the transformation of people and weapons, and the innovation of the combination of man and weapon is the most critical. The so-called combination method is military organization, and organization is the unity of structure and behavior, of which the organizational structure is the explicit organizational structure, which is easy to become the focus of the military revolution; but the weapons revolution and structural reform are only the first half of the explicit military revolution, and the final realization of the military revolution is the implicit change of organizational behavior. To reflect Bacon's "Theory of Habits" to the new military reform, advanced military thinking is the guide and guide for the combination of man and weapon innovation, advanced military organization is the essence of the internalization of the combination of man and weapon innovation, advanced military behavior is the externalization of the combination of man and weapon innovation, is the embodiment of the innovation of the combination of man and weapon, including the innovation of decision-making behavior, command behavior, leadership and management behavior, and coordinated behavior, precipitated into the fine work style and work habits of the military revolution. Throughout the ages, every structural reform and institutional innovation in the military has been a contradictory movement between organizational structure and organizational behavior. The military revolution is not in the absence of organizational and behavioral changes, it is in vain, the late Qing Dynasty foreign affairs movement is a typical representative, the First Fleet of Asia's Beiyang Marine Division, whether from the organization system, weapons organization, or copying and copying of the Western-style training regulations, are advanced, but the ship gun clothes, dirty and messy small workshop military production exposed the decline of the feudal army organization behavior, indicating that the body of the army has not undergone qualitative changes. As a result, the advanced organizational structure is dragged down by backward organizational behavior, and the deformed children of institutional progress and backward behavior are doomed to failure. It can be said that organizational behavior change is a key part of the new military change, and it is a substantive link, and it is the most significant benchmark for judging the success or failure of the change.
The practice of new military reform in the world shows that the innovation of organizational behavior determines the effectiveness of the weapons revolution and the efficiency of the reform of the army system. At present, the new military changes in the world led by the US military, the biggest weakness has been exposed, that is, the innovation of organizational behavior lags behind. The US military is the leader of the technological revolution in informationized weapons and the reform of the joint operations system, and its process of change is promoted from the outside in, first the technological revolution, which goes deep into the organizational change; the organizational revolution is first the reform of the organizational system, and then it falls into the change of organizational behavior, thus completing a round of military revolution cycle. However, after the Iraq War, the changes in the US military seem to have shifted from radical to gradual, in fact, the backward way of organizational behavior is pulling the hind legs of ideological emancipation, technological progress, and institutional reform. The initiation of the US military transformation is also the contradiction between defense secretary Ramosfeld and the military bureaucracy, and sees the entrenched barriers of the military and the administrative shortcomings of machinery that restrict the implantation of advanced enterprise management models and the transformation of network-centered warfare, but in the end its reform is hindered. It can be seen from this that even the US military has not yet completed the reform of information-based organizational behavior, and the "mature military transformation" it flaunts is a major flaw, and once the flaws in its organizational behavior change are discovered and exploited by opponents, they will become a window of vulnerability.
In short, the change in the daily behavior and attitude of officers and men is the touchstone of the new military reform. Military change is essentially an ideological revolution, a technological revolution, institutional reform, and a change in behavior. Ideological innovation is the starting point, technological innovation is the ladder, institutional innovation is the key, and behavioral innovation is the fundamental. To this end, the effectiveness of joint operations should depend not only on the advanced nature of the command system, information system, and network, but also on whether the advanced systems, systems, and networks can play a good role, and it depends on whether the decision-making behavior, command behavior, and coordinated behavior are truly modernized, and this in turn comes from the changes in work behavior and life behavior that accumulate over time and time.
At a certain training ground at an altitude of more than 3,600 meters, a helicopter formation of a certain land aviation brigade of the Tibet Military Region took off. Xinhua News Agency
In the process of breaking the old ways, innovative organizational behavior is established
The essence of the new military reform is to build an innovative army, and all the drawbacks of peace are concentrated in the behavior of hindering change, so it is possible to open a breakthrough from the creation of innovative organizational behavior - from the military organizational behavior of the agricultural era, through the rebirth of industrial organizational behavior, to the information-based intelligent army organizational behavior, and then to the organizational behavior of the technological revolution and the explosive force of change. In terms of unfolding, innovative organizational behavior is established in the process of breaking the old ways, which will historically refresh the face of military work and military life.
Refresh the face of military business with the behavior of industrial organization and break the head-slapping innovation. The new military reform is by no means a one-day achievement, and only when the business innovation in various fields and posts is on the right track of scientificization can the spark of ordinary military business innovation be gathered into the momentum of military reform. To this end, the scientific transformation of "stressing science" into military operations, the cultivation of industrialized scientific analysis and rational construction behavior is the basis for innovation. In this regard, the mechanized military reform has left a high-quality legacy of scientific construction - drawing scientific construction behavior from the platform center battle, popularizing the indexing, standardization, and engineering behavior of the industrial army, preventing assumptions and conceptual innovations that are divorced from the times and reality, and preventing empiric behavior of staying in "one acre and three points".
Refresh the joint appearance of departments with information-based organizational behavior and break closed innovation. With the deepening of the military reform of informatization, informatization focuses on making sensitive and coordinated responses to environmental changes, and the closed behavior of platform-centered warfare leads to closed-door innovation and becomes the object of organizational behavior criticism. The shift from platform-centric warfare to network-centric warfare is a change in organizational behavior with coordination as the spiritual essence and the network as the platform, and has been launched into a cross-service joint operation and interdisciplinary joint research behavior mediated by the network. Metcalfe's law states that the value of the network is proportional to the square of the number of users, that is, the value of one person online is 1 yuan, and the value of 10 people sharing interactions online is 100 yuan. To this end, from the military branch down to the department, cultivate the sharing behavior of opening up information and resources on the network, positive perception of information, and coordinated response behavior to information, thus promoting innovative behavior of interaction and cooperation.
Refresh the face of leadership and management with intelligent organizational behavior, and break the innovation of requesting instructions and reporting. In response to the advent of intelligent military reform, the network-centered warfare moves towards the decision-making center warfare, setting off a leap in cognitive behavior, with the purpose of liberating the autonomy of intelligence, activating the intelligence of all officers and soldiers to maximize innovation, and selecting the best innovation. In this regard, the US military earlier found that the resistance to change comes from the inherent administrative chain of the mechanized army, and gradually relies on command-driven innovation and centralized manpower assault innovation, which is inefficient and consumes resources, so it proposes "decentralization periphery", consciously transforming innovative resources from upward concentration to the front line, and delegating innovation rights to grassroots and individuals, presenting as a team organization behavior. Therefore, service is management, and the innovation of management behavior maximizes the benefits of innovation, so it promotes the administration to focus on innovation, breaks the official-based behavior of administrative monopoly material, human and financial resources, releases resources to motivate and support the masses to innovate, and implements "one-stop management"; empowerment is leadership, command-type leadership to empowerment leadership transformation, to empower behavior innovation leadership, open up top-down empowerment, bottom-up innovation situation. Therefore, in the midst of innovation in full bloom, market competition behavior is used to achieve the survival of the fittest and recreate military innovation. Without competition, there can be no innovation in actual combat, and self-improvement cannot withstand open, fair, and market-oriented free competition, and it cannot withstand the test of war.
Take the initiative to initiate organizational behavior change, fundamentally achieve a leap or even a latecomer
At present, after the new military reform in the world has made phased achievements in the revolution in weapons technology and the reform of the organizational structure, it has penetrated deep into the mode of military exchanges and entered a period of change. Re-examining the advantages of being a latecomer, taking the initiative to initiate organizational behavior changes, coordinating and interacting with technological revolutions and institutional reforms, will fundamentally achieve a leap forward or even a latecomer.
Inherit Mao Zedong's military thought, and make organizational behavior innovation a new engine for military modernization. One of the great inventions of the Red Army was to build a new type of army by organizing a revolution of behavior, taking the initiative to break out of the shell of the old army in the feudal era, and creating an advanced behavior mode of the people's army, thus giving birth to a flexible institutional structure that was reduced into pieces and pieces into pieces, forming an advanced organizational ecology that was different from all armies in history, so as to use backward weapons to defeat the weak over the strong. To put it simply, the two kinds of behaviors of the battlefield commanders of the Kuomintang and the Communists in "charging me" and "rushing with me," one is the corrupt organizational behavior of the old army, which is opposed by officers and men, and the other is the unanimous organizational behavior of officers and men through the revolution of behavior, which determines the completely different combat essence under the same organizational system and under the same offensive tactics, and thus produces unequal combat effectiveness. In view of this, in grasping the actual results of military reform, we should not only look at the proportion of high-tech equipment and the improvement of the academic qualifications of officers and men, but also look at whether modern military quality penetrates the behavior of officers and men in peacetime.
Draw on the "Three Major Disciplines and Eight Attentions" to formulate a code of conduct and shape the values of the informationized and intelligent army. The practice of military reform shows that once there is no norm, the innovation of organizational behavior is hollowed out, which in turn makes the modern values based on organizational behavior meaningless. In order to prevent the splitting of behavior and the system, to prevent the talk of informationization and intelligence, and to do mechanized things, it is necessary to establish an informationized and intelligent code of conduct, and to integrate the code of conduct into the behavior habits of officers and men over time in order to cultivate it, and only then can the informationized and intelligent army come out of its shell. In this regard, it is necessary to extract the paradigm from the most basic and universal behavior, establish a basic and long-term code of conduct, and have a prominent educational and guiding role for all commanders and fighters. In fact, during the period of the Red Army, a good way to build the army with advanced behavioral norms was opened up. "Three Disciplines and Eight Notes" is a creative masterpiece of military behavior norms in military history. By rediscovering the historical heritage of the Sanwan adaptation, we can obtain new scientific discoveries, that is, Chairman Mao refined typical organizational behaviors at the starting point of the formation of the people's army, established a distinctive code of conduct, guided the individual behavior of officers and soldiers, and shaped the common value orientation of the army, thus injecting the swaddled people's army into the behavioral logic of serving the people, thus giving the Red Army incomparably powerful organizational vitality. Although the "Three Major Disciplines and Eight Notes" is only 320 words, it embodies the core concept of the political, military and social behavior of the people's army, and gives birth to the core competitiveness of our army's millet plus rifle to defeat the aircraft cannon. Compared with the beginning of the founding of the army, the code of conduct is to cultivate a high degree of consciousness and iron discipline with revolutionization as the core; in the 21st century, it is necessary to formulate a code of conduct for new military changes with modernization as the center, and cultivate and shape digital, networked, and integrated values in a concise, easy-to-understand, easy-to-implement, and supervised way, so as to precipitate innovative activities into behavior.
Cultivate the character of the information-based and intelligent army, and start a self-revolution characterized by innovation in organizational behavior. Each army has its own character, and only a character that conforms to the development of the times can lead to victory. The transformation of the character of the modernized army is to popularize and popularize the modern military's code of conduct, which is popular with the vast number of officers and men and can stimulate the creativity of all cadres and masses, to de-administrative behavior, to go to the behavior of the self-contained system of the service, to the behavior of maximizing the interests of individuals and departments, to follow the steps and be satisfied with the status quo, to shape scientific behavior, cooperative behavior, competitive behavior, innovative behavior, open behavior, sharing behavior, inclusive behavior, trust behavior, and network behavior, and to create an innovative organizational ecology for all. This is a self-revolution of military organizations, so that precise management can start from a correct and rigorous style of study, and the management of the army according to law can start from the habit of doing things according to procedures. The code of conduct is the behavioral expression of organizational culture, the guidance and constraint of the mode of military exchanges, its popularization is not like the invention of weapons and technology, nor is it implemented as soon as it is promulgated, as is the reform of the system and mechanism, but like a trickle that penetrates into all the practical links of the organizational model, institutional arrangement, and operation mode, and runs through the entire process of leadership, decision-making, and management, which not only directly determines the operational effect of the organizational system and organizational procedures, but also determines the quality of the times of the army from a deep level.
Guangming Daily ( 2022-04-24 07 edition)
Source: Guangming Network - Guangming Daily