On April 22, the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee held a series of press conferences on the theme of "China's Decade" in Beijing, inviting Jing Hanchao, deputy secretary general of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission, Shen Liang, vice president of the Supreme Court and second-level justice, Yang Chunlei, deputy procurator general of the Supreme Procuratorate and second-level chief procurator, Liu Zhao, vice minister of public security, and Liu Zhao, vice minister of justice, to introduce the measures and achievements of political and legal reform since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and to answer reporters' questions. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Pan Xu
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, April 22 Title: Let Fairness and Justice Be Realized in a Way Visible to the People - The "China Decade" series of themed press conferences focused on the measures and results of political and legal reform
Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Yizhan
Reconstruct the power allocation and operation mechanism, further improve the litigation system and mechanism, and continuously improve the reform measures to facilitate the people and benefit the people... A series of original and iconic political and legal reform achievements have continuously enhanced the people's sense of gain, happiness and security.
In order to welcome the victory of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee held the first series of press conferences on the theme of "China's Decade" on the 22nd, focusing on the measures and results of political and legal reform since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
Optimize power allocation and operational mechanisms Strengthen case-handling responsibilities
"In order to solve the problem that everyone can handle cases, cases must be submitted for approval at all levels, and the responsibilities are not clear, and the judicial personnel are classified and managed and the judicial responsibility system is implemented." Jing Hanchao, deputy secretary general of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission, said: The staff of the court procuratorate is divided into three categories: judges and procurators, judicial auxiliary personnel, and judicial administrative personnel.
The case-handling responsibility system of "who handles the case is responsible and who decides who is responsible" has greatly strengthened the responsibility of case-handling personnel.
Shen Liang, vice president of the Supreme People's Court and second-level justice, introduced that the people's courts have comprehensively implemented the reform of the categorical management of the judge post system, strictly selected more than 127,000 judges from the original more than 210,000 adjudicators, and at the same time equipped judges with a certain number of auxiliary personnel, so that judges can focus on the core affairs of the trial, other transactional work is handled by auxiliary personnel, and all kinds of personnel belong to their positions and fulfill their responsibilities.
"Let the adjudicator adjudicate and let the adjudicator be held accountable." Shen Liang said that general cases are directly decided by the collegial panel or single-appointment judges and are responsible for them for life, and at the same time give play to the supervision and management role of the president and the president, strengthen the supervision and management of major, difficult, complex and other cases, so that the whole process of handling and supervision can be traced and traceable, so as to ensure that "power is not delegated".
Establish and complete mechanisms for restricting and supervising judicial power in law enforcement, and actively explore political and legal organs.
Taking the circuit procuratorate as an example, this is a major innovation in the supervision of the procuratorial organs in the enforcement of criminal punishments. For a long time, procuratorial organs have mainly supervised prisons and detention centers on the basis of the establishment of resident prisons and procuratorial offices. The personnel stationed in the prison and the station are relatively solidified, and the problems of the acquaintance society, "laziness due to familiarity", and unwillingness to supervise are sometimes discovered.
Yang Chunlei, deputy procurator general of the Supreme People's Procuratorate and second-level chief procurator, said that in 2018, the party group of the Supreme People's Procuratorate proposed this work, first of all, to set up a circuit procuratorial team in procuratorates at all levels, and regularly or irregularly go to prisons and detention centers to conduct circuit inspections, carry out supervision, and find and correct problems. Since 2019, prison circuit inspections have been fully rolled out, and by the end of last year, there were more than 4,000 rounds of inspections across the country, more than 32,000 prison problems were found, and more than 26,000 were corrected by putting forward procuratorial suggestions and correcting illegal opinions.
It has been learned that in order to prevent law enforcement and judicial activities from being interfered with or affected, power has been put into the cage of the system, the system of restricting supervision has been constantly perfected, the system of responsibility has been perfected, and a system for preventing interference in the administration of justice has been established.
"Reducing Certificates and Facilitating the People" Action to Clean Up All Kinds of "Certification Matters"
To do outbound travel procedures, you must "prove that your mother is your mother", and the exchange of damaged banknotes must prove that "it is not deliberately destroyed"...
In the face of these "strange proofs", have you ever "broken your leg" and "worn your mouth"?
From facilitating oneself to "prove" to facilitating the masses to "reducing certificates", since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it has continued to carry out the action of "reducing certificates and facilitating the people", and organized the clean-up of more than 13,000 "certification matters" of various types.
The continuous improvement of the reform measures to facilitate the people and benefit the people has made the people's sense of gain more sufficient, the sense of happiness more sustainable, and the sense of security more secure.
Public security organs have continuously deepened and promoted the reform of "decentralization and management of services", and have continued to introduce a large number of policies and measures to facilitate the people and benefit enterprises.
Since 2014, 130 million agricultural migrants have become urban residents, the urbanization rate of the national household registration population has increased from 35.93% in 2013 to 46.7% in 2021, the hukou migration policy has been generally relaxed and relaxed, and the central and western regions have basically achieved zero threshold for urban settlement except for provincial capitals (capitals).
"The residence permit system has achieved full coverage, with a total of more than 130 million residence permits issued nationwide, and the basic public service provision mechanism linked to conditions such as the number of years of residence has been further improved with the residence permit as the carrier." Liu Zhao, vice minister of public security, said that focusing on solving the problem of the masses' urgency, difficulty and expectation, 5 hukou migration and the issuance of household registration certificates are "inter-provincial general office", and the application for entry and exit documents is "only run once" and "the national general office" is fully implemented.
In addition, since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, public security organs have successively launched 127 reform measures for traffic management convenience and benefiting enterprises, involving vehicle registration, driver's license management, traffic accident handling, and Internet services.
Improve the quality and efficiency of case handling Crack the problems of "difficulty in filing a case" and "difficulty in enforcement"
At present, the number of cases accepted by courts across the country has increased from more than 13 million in 2012 to more than 33 million last year. In the face of the substantial increase in the number of cases, how to improve the quality and efficiency of case handling?
Shen Liang introduced that with the approval of the central authorities and the authorization of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, the people's courts have successively carried out the pilot reform of the leniency system for admitting guilt and accepting punishment in criminal proceedings, the pilot reform of the diversion of complicated and simple civil litigation, promoting the separation of complicated and simple cases, the separation of light and heavy, and the separation of fast and slow cases, and through scientific optimization of the allocation of judicial resources, the rapid trial of simple cases and the refined trial of complicated cases have been realized, so that the legitimate rights and interests of the parties can be realized efficiently and conveniently, and the quality and efficiency of the court's trial have also been greatly improved.
In 2015, the people's courts changed the case filing review system to a case filing and registration system, which greatly reduced the threshold for filing a case. According to preliminary statistics, more than 95.7% of cases can be filed on the spot in courts across the country, and the problem of "difficulty in filing a case" that has long plagued the masses has been solved.
From 2016 to 2019, the Supreme People's Court went all out to carry out the action of basically solving the "difficulty of enforcement", and in view of the difficulty of finding people and objects in the enforcement work, it built a network inspection and control system, realized accurate online investigation of people and objects, improved the joint disciplinary action system, published information on judgment defaulters, restricted high consumption, and forced them to perform automatically.
Optimize the allocation of administrative reconsideration resources and smooth the channels for applying for administrative reconsideration
Administrative reconsideration is the main channel for resolving administrative disputes, which concerns the vital interests of the masses and the credibility of the government.
Vice Minister of Justice Liu Zhuan said that the Ministry of Justice has guided all localities to integrate the administrative reconsideration responsibilities scattered in government departments into the unified exercise of the government in accordance with the requirements of the reform plan of the administrative reconsideration system, so as to realize that the government at the first level only sets up one administrative reconsideration organ, accepts administrative reconsideration cases "one mouth to the outside", optimizes the allocation of administrative reconsideration resources, and smooths the channels for administrative reconsideration applications.
In accordance with the principle of "matching the number of matters, optimizing and saving, and adjusting according to needs", the government administrative reconsideration agencies have rationally allocated and appointed personnel, which has enhanced the strength of work. At present, 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government have issued reform implementation plans. Among them, 23 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government have realized the concentration of administrative reconsideration responsibilities at the provincial, municipal and county levels.
At the same time, all localities have further strengthened the standardization of administrative reconsideration, generally established administrative reconsideration (consultation) committees, introduced supporting systems, unified case-handling standards, and optimized the case-handling process.
"Through the reform, the administrative reconsideration system and mechanism have been further optimized, the quality and efficiency of case handling have also been improved, and the authority, impartiality and credibility of administrative reconsideration have been significantly enhanced." Liu said that more and more people choose to express their demands and safeguard their rights and interests through administrative reconsideration, and the number of cases in 2021 has increased by 22.3% compared with before the reform.
In accordance with the principle of "full collection, due diligence, correction, and compensation", all localities have paid attention to the substantive resolution of administrative disputes, about 70% of cases have achieved "case closure", and the effect of the main channel for administrative reconsideration and resolution of administrative disputes has initially emerged.