summary
Many rural tourism construction projects generally lack reasonable planning, and some only rely on a request of the main local leaders, or the county and district leaders have met and studied and passed, and they have been started, and they lack strict project planning. This is an important reason for the failure of rural tourism projects.
In the process of rural revitalization, some local governments ignore the requirements of rural development, pursue short and fast results, only pay attention to infrastructure investment, do not attach importance to the development of rural industries, do not have scientific and reasonable planning, blindly pursue urbanization, westernization, and high-grade, and rural planning is blunt and incompatible with the theme. As a result, rural tourism lacks the support of characteristic industries, the participation of the people is low, and rural tourism is not really done.
01
There are problems in the guidance of rural tourism in government authorities
Great Leap Forward, Great Stroke, Great Desire
First, in some places, there is a risk of a great leap forward. Some local governments are greedy, seek more, and strive for speed, pursue short-term interests and superficial image changes, and set too high requirements for the rural tourism cultivation cycle, investment scale, and number of completions, and are eager to produce results and are busy with political achievements.
Second, the appetite of local governments has been generally raised, and instead of focusing on the endogenous driving force of rural tourism, they are eagerly hoping that the central government will make great moves in the arrangement of preferential policies, financial funds and investment projects, and form a new round of investment to promote local economic growth, which is especially obvious in the central and western regions.
The objectives are unknown and the agricultural and tourism are disconnected
Gathering popularity, generating wealth and health should be the pursuit of rural tourism. However, some local goals are not clear, the positioning is not clear, do not know what the development of rural tourism is for, resulting in a serious disconnect between agriculture and tourism. The lack of effective interaction between industry and industry, industry and community, industry and people, and industry and urban and rural areas has formed an industrial island.
The planning system is vague
Because rural tourism does not have ready-made and standardized planning standards, some of them lack overall planning when preparing plans, and there are problems such as insufficient connection between agriculture and tourism, and insufficient integration of functions. The types of planning required by local governments are not the same, and some require the rural tourism to be declared to complete the overall planning and control detailed planning revision, and then complete the rural development plan. Some only need to have a rural tourism conceptual plan that conforms to the overall land use plan, urban and rural planning, and environmental function area planning. Some require a rural tourism construction plan that is coordinated and compiled in accordance with the concept of "multi-planning".
02
Rural tourism development lacks major elements
There is no sustainable industrial support
The industry of rural tourism should be based on the special natural endowments of the local area and the advantages of resources and environment. For example, the agricultural tourism leisure tourism industry formed based on the advantages of agriculture and natural landscapes can also be a local regional characteristic industry or an industry supporting industrial clusters.
Rural tourism, because it is located in rural areas, or distributed in remote areas or mountainous areas, has unique agricultural and tourism resources, and the development of rural tourism agricultural tourism industry mainly serves tourism consumers in surrounding cities and even wider. Therefore, for rural tourism to develop, it must have the industrial support of market competitiveness and sustainable viability. For local governments, some officials do not understand the industry, and have not built the basic conditions conducive to industrial development and an open and inclusive business environment, which is convenient for rural tourism investors to independently and efficiently combine various types of production and engage in industrial activities.
Lack of attraction for people and all kinds of production and innovation factors
Rural tourism must be people-centric. Suitable for people's employment, residence and life, whether rural tourism is attractive, it is necessary to build comfortable and convenient public facilities and services, including transportation infrastructure, high-quality public health and medical care, educational facilities and services, as well as a pleasant ecological environment, which is a necessary condition for the development of rural tourism and a basic condition for human development.
However, the contradiction between the unbalanced development of the mainland is conspicuous, and the economic development of the eastern and western regions is quite different. Compared with cities, most areas do not have better infrastructure and public services, so the development of rural tourism is less likely to have a strong attraction, which is due to the lack of local financial resources, as well as the institutional mechanism of resource allocation, urban and rural power levels and other reasons. From the perspective of the attractiveness of rural tourism, there are both economic and institutional problems, which need to be systematically solved through economic development and institutional reform to achieve results, and it is by no means possible for the competent government departments to shout a few slogans or issue a few documents.
There is no scientific and reasonable planning
I have investigated many rural tourism construction projects, generally lack of rational planning, some are only based on a request of the main local leaders, or the county and district leaders have held a meeting to study and passed, and they have done it, lacking strict project planning.
First, rural tourism should be scientific and reasonable in terms of layout and site selection. Coordinate and take into account the local physical geography and resource conditions, the distribution of surrounding cities, industrial division of labor, transportation convenience and other factors;
The second is to rationally carry out the differentiation and combination of rural spatial patterns. Rural tourism should reasonably divide the division of labor and integration of spatial functions, reasonably arrange the layout of production, ecology, life, transportation, public and service facilities, and promote integrated planning and comprehensive allocation.
Only by conscientiously doing a good job in multi-planning and integration of rural tourism planning will it be conducive to the development of rural tourism and more effectively promote the improvement and sustainable development of the ecological environment of rural tourism.
It does not meet the needs of consumers and the market
Most government-led rural tourism development models have largely failed. The main reason is that the construction of rural tourism is more to meet the subjective wishes and assessment requirements of the government, rather than to meet the needs of consumers or the needs of the market, many investment bosses are accustomed to finding city (county) mayors instead of studying the market.
The participation of ordinary people in leisure tourism is not considered, because it cannot be responded to or sought after by the market, resulting in a waste of investment and resources. To avoid the recurrence of this situation of rural tourism, the effective way is to promote the improvement of the rural tourism construction and operation mode according to the government guidance, enterprise main body, and market-oriented operation, and to invest, build, operate and manage the development of rural tourism with a more market-oriented investment mechanism and operation mode to reduce the ineffective investment in rural tourism construction. The government should avoid a large package, focus on creating a good development environment for rural tourism, and provide various services for investment and operation enterprises.
03
How to achieve upgrading and development of rural tourism?
We believe that under the conditions of market law and shortage of space resources, people's admiration and pursuit of rural tourism is a poetic ideal or value pursuit, but it is not necessarily consistent with the reality of various places. Construction and development of a real rural tourism, natural endowments and location conditions are indispensable conditions, only in the basic and conditional factors, adhere to the rural tourism construction and development of the operation model of seeking truth from facts, based on the long-term, follow the law, highlight the characteristics, only in this way, livable and workable beautiful and harmonious, sustainable development of rural tourism will truly realize people's poetic ideals or value pursuits.
It is necessary to mobilize peasants to participate in rural tourism
The countryside is a village settlement, and its main body is farmers, but a large number of rural tourism projects have the phenomenon of seeing things and not seeing people, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of rural tourism. Farmers are the carriers of inheriting local culture, and the food culture, customs, religious etiquette, and festivals they carry are the "source culture" of local culture and an important factor in attracting tourists. Different local cultures need to be conveyed through local farmers, their clothing, speech and behavior carry a strong local atmosphere, tourists can only truly understand rural society through personal contact with them, living with them in the countryside and experiencing the living atmosphere of farmers. Therefore, it is the main responsibility of the government to mobilize the people to participate in rural tourism.
Improve the level of rural construction
Due to the conflict between rural architecture and modern life and the incongruity with the surrounding environment, most rural tourism plans to rebuild and build vernacular buildings in large quantities, without paying attention to the inheritance of traditional construction techniques and the neglect of traditional materials, resulting in the dismemberment of the original historical style of vernacular architecture, the lack of rural regional characteristics, and the overall style of the countryside being "uniform".
Therefore, local construction is an important part of rural tourism, a unique carrier of rural intangible cultural heritage, reflecting the overall style of the countryside, containing strong historical and artistic value, playing an important role in promoting rural tourism, and is an important guarantee for the sustainable development of rural tourism. In the upgrading and development of rural tourism, we should create rural construction with regional characteristics and let tourists find different rural experiences in order to exert the unique charm of rural tourism.
Build a multi-format rural industry
The main problems in the development of rural industries in rural tourism: on the one hand, the limitations of the understanding of rural tourism, on the other hand, the lack of detailed industrial planning.
Rural tourism is one-sidedly understood as "farmhouse", "homestay", "rural playground", etc., and some government officials lack scientific guidance for rural tourism, lack the overall layout of rural industries, and lack of meticulous division of rural industrial planning.
The development of the rural tourism industry should not only rely on local agricultural production, but also improve its secondary and tertiary industries, guide the development of diversified industrial integration, and achieve the goal of building a diversified health industry.
Cultivate rural tourism professionals
Rural tourism has now become an important part of the life of urban people, and for people in the hustle and bustle of the city, rural tourism has become a driving force to release pressure. Every year, 2 billion tourists across the country choose rural tourism. In the face of such a huge tourism consumption market, at present, some local governments do not consider objective reality, blindly invest in the construction of scenic spots and scenic spots, lack of standardized behavior, lack of professional guidance, so that there is no ability to integrate the rural industrial chain, resulting in the cultural resources of rural tourism is difficult to develop.
Rural tourism planning is an industry is also a professional technology, the planning and design of tourist attractions, industrial layout, the development of tourism products need the control and planning of professionals, so in order to the vigorous development of rural tourism, it is necessary to continuously cultivate rural tourism professionals, strengthen the training and guidance of rural tourism development personnel.