On March 23, the research team conducted research in Wuzhou Science and Technology.
On March 22, the research team visited the laboratory of Bowei Communications.
Jinlongfeng Company builds a submerged plant system in water.
Nandu United Agricultural Bank Guangzhou Branch walked into the "specialized, special and new" enterprises to conduct in-depth research.
"Specialized and specialized" enterprises focus on the vertical track of the industry, cultivate market segments, and technical strength is the core competitiveness of its development. These enterprises need a long period of investment in technology research and development, supporting talents, funds and other support, for continuous innovation ability to accumulate strength, in order to become a "small giant". At present, many "specialized and special new" enterprise products take the path of "domestic substitution", focusing on breaking through foreign "card neck" technology, opening up sales channels, being accepted and recognized by the market, and it is not easy to go under pressure. Guided by market demand, aiming at "specialized, specialized and new" enterprises to invest resources and optimize the business environment, it is necessary to strengthen policy support. In the survey, Nandu's "specialized and specialized" research group found that the road to growing into a "small giant" is not a smooth road, but to pass the hurdles of talent, financing, intellectual property protection, and digital transformation.
talent
"Young people are reluctant to enter manufacturing"
More than a dozen "specialized, specialized, and new" enterprises in various districts of Guangzhou visited by the Nandu reporter were all troubled by recruiting people. Many of these companies are started by scientific researchers. The Guangdong Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology disclosed in March that the R&D expenditure of "specialized, special and new" enterprises accounted for more than 8% of operating income, and some enterprises did not achieve it. Technological innovation requires long-term support from "think tanks", and small and medium-sized enterprises are generally faced with problems such as insufficient professional talents and talent structure to be optimized.
Small and medium-sized enterprises have limited attractiveness for highly educated researchers
"Young people are reluctant to enter the manufacturing industry, are unwilling to enter private small and medium-sized enterprises, and are even more reluctant to enter the private manufacturing industry, which is a very real problem." Wang Xiaoming, chairman of Guangzhou New Laifu New Materials Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "New Laifu"), found in a recent survey.
Guangzhou Radio and Television Wuzhou Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Guangdian Wuzhou") focuses on the localization and differentiated customization of servers. Xie Gaohui, president of Radio and Television Wuzhou, introduced that there are 300 employees, one-third of whom are R&D and technical personnel, and another third are sales talents. Xie Gaohui pointed out that in the past two years, the company's focus on recruitment has focused on server board development, system-level software research and development, product managers, senior industry sales and other positions, "it is very difficult, often have to go to the sea to find the right person." ”
Zhang Hao, chairman of Guangzhou Zhonghao Control Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Zhonghao Control"), has a similar view, and small and medium-sized enterprises have limited attraction to highly educated researchers. 20 years ago, Dr. Zhang Hao led the team of the Industrial Control Machine Application Development Research Laboratory of the Provincial Academy of Sciences to start a business. Zhonghao Control is one of the first batch of key specialized new "little giant" enterprises of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China, and has independently developed a digital control system based on the industrial Internet.
"It takes professionals to do technology, but we have to pay a higher price for recruiting a 985 master's degree. We have been eating the 'old Ben' brought out by the Academy of Sciences for 20 years. Zhang Hao said that there is a steady stream of talents to enter, enterprises can develop sustainably, "the problem of absorbing new talents is not easy to solve, can only earn more money, pay more wages, and strive to be a star enterprise in private enterprises." ”
Shi Yunfeng, general manager of Guangzhou Jinlongfeng Environmental Protection Equipment Engineering Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Jinlongfeng Environmental Protection"), believes that the current high-level talents pay attention to the facilities and welfare conditions of enterprises, and employment is more inclined to state-owned or large enterprises.
Technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises in non-main urban areas have been shouting "difficulty in recruiting workers" for many years, and the gap between the supporting facilities around the suburbs and the central urban area still exists. How to take root in the city is an important consideration when foreign "workers" choose a career. Only when young talents have low incomes and low accumulation of funds can they cross the two mountains of housing and child-rearing in order to improve their sense of security in employment in small and medium-sized enterprises. Wang Xiaoming suggested that the government increase universal policies in assessing the housing of talents and the enrollment of children. For example, with reference to the model of Dongguan Huawei Town and Foxconn Technology Town, a large number of special housing for talents is built, and young talents of small and medium-sized enterprises are provided at low prices to alleviate the recruitment problems of small and medium-sized enterprises.
Solve the talent gap and strengthen industry-university-research cooperation
In terms of regional competitiveness, small and medium-sized enterprise owners proposed that Guangzhou needs to be improved in terms of industry-university-research cooperation and the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements.
The leading products of Guangzhou Xianyi Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Xianyi Electronics") have filled the shortcomings in the field of domestic microelectronics high-reliability packaging interconnect materials and broken the monopoly of foreign manufacturers. Chen Weimin, chairman of Xianyi Electronics, graduated from Huazhong University of Science and Technology. He believes that the field of semiconductor materials has more investment and slow output. From 2008 to 2014, the company focused on R&D iteration, conquered the "card neck" technology, entered the accelerated development period in the past 3 years, and introduced A round of financing at the end of 2021, and SDIC (Guangdong) Venture Capital Management Co., Ltd. took a stake.
"Chips and semiconductors are capital- and talent-intensive industries, and the manufacturing link of the industrial chain is the most 'burning money'." Chen Weimin said that from the perspective of the industry, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is the core area of manufacturing and information industry, cultivating a huge terminal application market, but the production capacity of chips and semiconductor precursor processes accounts for a relatively low proportion in the country, and the shortcomings of production capacity such as chips and packaging and testing urgently need to be filled in a short period of time.
Chen Weimin believes that there is a long-term structural shortage of domestic semiconductor talents, compared with the Yangtze River Delta region, there is still a gap, it is necessary to invest in a long time, strengthen production, education and research, guide universities, research institutes and enterprises to strengthen cooperation, and provide technical and talent support.
According to Xie Gaohui's observation, many small and medium-sized private enterprises are facing a talent gap, while Guangzhou is relatively short of high-end talents and industrial talents in some key areas, and enterprises have set up R&D teams and industry marketing centers in Beijing and Shanghai to coordinate business development.
Yuan Jianhua visited the Harvard School of Public Health in the 1990s and engaged in immunology-related research. He started his business at the age of 47, guangzhou Jiete Biological Filtration Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Jiete Biological") was established in 2001, mainly engaged in high-end consumables for biological laboratories.
"The construction of talent echelons is a top priority. On the one hand, in order to achieve intelligent manufacturing, the technical level of production personnel should be improved. On the other hand, with the continuous expansion of the scale of enterprises, the management level should also be upgraded to a new height, and professional talents are needed. Yuan Jianhua said.
After Guangzhou Shengqi Energy Equipment Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Shengqi Energy") was identified as a high-tech enterprise in 2014, Chairman Shi Zengmine shifted the focus of his work to lead the R&D team to study the low-temperature evaporation technology related to the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain.
"Our company does not have doctors, professors, I am still an assistant engineer, this line of technical barriers is relatively high, more is the development of engineering applications, relying on the accumulation of industry experience." Shi Zeng Mine said. In July 2020, Shengqi Energy separated the R&D team and established the first low-temperature evaporation technology research institute in China. Shi Zeng mine said that research and development requires high cost investment. If according to the general company's evaluation system, it is quite difficult for R&D personnel to "produce results". The company has set up a separate research institute to explore different salary methods and incentive systems to attract more R&D personnel.
Intellectual Property Protection
"Product development has been imitated in less than 5 years and less than a month"
"Specialized and specialized" enterprises take innovation as the driving force, and have effective intellectual property rights and independent brands related to the main business. In the process of Nandu research, some small and medium-sized enterprises reported that the protection of intellectual property rights is insufficient, which is not conducive to healthy competition among enterprises and the accumulation of intellectual property resources.
Consolidate its own technical advantages in the form of patents and standards
With its self-developed low-temperature evaporative condensation dehumidification technology, Shengqi Energy became the second batch of specialized new "little giant" enterprises of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China in 2020, and the technology has gone through five generations of change. Sludge low temperature treatment is the pillar business of the company, the daily treatment of wet sludge reaches 20,000 tons, and the output value accounts for more than 70%.
"Product development has been imitated in less than 5 years and less than 1 month, and even infinitely close to the cost to sell." Shi Zeng mine admitted that due to the lack of awareness of intellectual property protection in the early stage, patent applications were not rigorous enough, and some patents have been invalidated. When a company initiates an intellectual property lawsuit, it often gets the result of "invalid infringement". In the market, the more infringing products, the easier it is to fall into a "price war" in sales. "This is a big blow to innovative companies that use real money and silver to do research and development." Shi Zeng Mine said.
Drawing lessons from the early stage of entrepreneurship, Ishizen Mine attaches great importance to consolidating its own technological advantages in the form of patents and standards. In 2019, Shengqi Energy officially led the drafting of the industry standard of "Air Source Heat Pump Sludge Drying Machine" under the instruction of the National Energy Administration, and on the basis of summarizing the current situation of low-temperature drying treatment of domestic sludge, after a lot of practice, technical exchanges and innovation, it took nearly 2 and a half years to complete the preparation. "Protecting intellectual property is also protecting the motivation of innovators." Shi Zeng Mine said.
It is recommended to improve the intellectual property financing system
In 2007, the new Luck put forward the concept of adsorption advertising display system, the following year the first magnetic advertising consumables, applied for more than ten patents, named after the "easy to exchange" brand, at present, the annual sales of such products exceed 20 million square meters.
Wang Xiaoming mentioned that enterprises to develop a new product requires a lot of manpower and material resources, especially specialized new enterprises, will invest more efforts in research and development work, if the relevant technical secrets are leaked or intellectual property rights are infringed, it is very unfavorable to the development of enterprises. In this regard, Guangzhou has set up a special intellectual property court, which attaches more and more importance to intellectual property protection, but the period of rights protection is still long.
As a deputy to the Guangzhou Municipal People's Congress, Wang Xiaoming suggested that the relevant government departments should implement key protection for the intellectual property rights and trade secrets of "specialized, specialized, and new" enterprises, and that a special channel for the protection of intellectual property rights could be opened up for such enterprises. In addition to traditional judicial procedures, we will expand various solution channels, including government departments and industry associations, to promote the rapid resolution of infringement issues.
Protecting intellectual property rights also means that companies have one more source of financing. The business scale of intellectual property pledge financing has shown an increasing trend, and for science and technology innovation enterprises with multiple intellectual property rights, intellectual property rights can effectively transform assets. In February 2022, the Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of Market Supervision released data showing that the total amount of patent and trademark pledge financing in Guangzhou in 2021 reached 11.464 billion yuan, benefiting more than 600 small and medium-sized enterprises.
Digital transformation
Break the "information island" in all aspects of the industrial chain
"Specialized and specialized" enterprises focus on vertical fields, open up data channels for upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain, and integrate industry resources, which is crucial to opening up the market. A large number of small and medium-sized enterprises are trapped in conditions such as capital, technology, and talents, and their digital transformation is relatively lagging behind, and it is urgent to break the "information island" in all aspects of the industrial chain and accelerate transformation and upgrading.
Capital investment is demanding and time-consuming
"The main reason is that there is a large demand for capital investment. From developing software and hardware, purchasing mainstream management software on the market, to system operation and maintenance, and organizing human training, continuous capital investment is required. Shi Yunfeng said that in the process of implementing digitalization, enterprises have to go through top-down deployment and promotion, and there is a long run-in period, accompanied by new and old business process conflicts.
Radio and television Wuzhou has carried out five informatization transformations before and after, the most recent of which was launched from 2020, and the project lasted for one and a half years and was launched at the beginning of this year. Xie Gaohui introduced that through information transformation, on the basis of ERP (enterprise resource planning), Radio and Television Wuzhou pulled through the front-end CRM (customer relationship management), quotation management, PLM (product life cycle management) in the middle office, and MRP (main production plan) and MES (manufacturing execution system) in the background. "All R&D data and production test data are collected and entered into the information system in real time, providing accurate and complete data support for follow-up customer service." Xie Gaohui believes that the current problem of information transformation is that digital transformation takes business as the core, reconstructs the company's own processes, manages change, and finds the best solution.
Promote enterprise data sharing in the industrial chain
Zhonghao Control itself is a digital transformation service provider. The "Beauty & Daily Chemical Industry Digital Platform" launched by the company currently serves more than 125 customers, providing cosmetics companies with overall solutions for digital transformation. The platform functions cover the whole process control of "digital intelligent manufacturing" at the production end, including "supply chain collaboration" and new e-commerce "live broadcast management" functions. The platform collects and analyzes a variety of industry data, refines industry indicators including order source distribution, raw material types, factory operating rate and production time, and guides enterprise procurement, production and marketing.
Shi Yunfeng said that digital transformation is not something that a single enterprise can complete independently, and to achieve good results, different enterprises in the overall industrial chain should go hand in hand to achieve data sharing.
As a service provider, Zhonghao Control accelerates the digital transformation of traditional manufacturing industry and promotes more and more enterprises in the industrial chain to "go to the cloud platform" and complement each other.
Taking Baiyun District as an example, Baiyun District is one of the main agglomerations of the cosmetics industry in the country, and for a long time, there have been many enterprises, small scale, chaotic management, etc., and many enterprises have concerns about investing in digital transformation. Zhang Hao said that there are thousands of beauty companies gathered in Baiyun District, and small and medium-sized enterprises pay more attention to the cost performance of "going to the cloud" and are more sensitive to cost expenditure. "The way we find customers is also keeping pace with the times, using social media such as Douyin and Xiaohongshu to find them." Zhang Hao said.
On March 3, the General Office of the Guangdong Provincial Government issued the "Several Policies and Measures for Further Supporting the Bailout Development of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises and Individual Industrial and Commercial Households in Guangdong Province", proposing that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, support platform-based enterprises with industry transformation capabilities and public attributes to take the lead in organizing the implementation of the digital transformation plan of industrial clusters, promote the all-round and full-chain digital transformation of traditional industries and advanced manufacturing industries, and accelerate the systematic and ecological "cloud platform" of cluster SMEs.
financing
Broaden financing channels and accelerate the pace of listing
The manufacturing industry needs to do long-term investment and value cultivation around the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, and small and medium-sized enterprises have long been plagued by single financing means and high costs. In recent years, driven by policy orientation and industrial trends, some enterprises have gained the favor of social capital to buy shares, financing channels have been broadened, and financial institutions are also increasing credit support. Some small and medium-sized enterprise owners feel that the enthusiasm of banks for lending to enterprises blessed by "specialization and specialization" has increased compared with the past. However, the attractiveness of enterprises in different tracks to capital is uneven.
"The capital problem is one of the biggest difficulties in the company's development, which is mainly reflected in the difficulty of project payment collection and financing difficulties. Affected by the epidemic, the global economy has been frustrated, the project has been affected, and the speed of payment collection has been slow, which has caused great economic pressure on the development of enterprises. Shi Yunfeng said that at present, the company's main financing method is bank loans, through intellectual property pledges, fixed asset mortgages and other ways to obtain loans to supplement liquidity turnover.
In Shi Yunfeng's view, many private enterprises still have thresholds for financing through bank loans. On the one hand, financing loans require the provision of fixed asset collateral, and the amount of loans that asset-light enterprises can approve is relatively limited; on the other hand, the loan approval process is also more complicated and the lending time is longer. He said that the company has plans to obtain financing through capital increase and share expansion, and will enter the listing counseling period from this year.
Guangzhou Ruili Kemi Automotive Electronics Co., Ltd. (833321.OC) was listed on the New Third Board in 2015. Sun Changzhe, deputy general manager of the company, suggested that "the fault tolerance mechanism for the disposal and evaluation of non-performing assets of enterprises can be improved, so that financial institutions can free their hands to support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises."
In November 2021, the Beijing Stock Exchange (hereinafter referred to as the "Beijing Stock Exchange") officially opened its market, with the market positioning of serving innovative small and medium-sized enterprises. The threshold for stepping into the Shanghai and Shenzhen exchanges is operating income of 1 billion yuan, and the Beijing Stock Exchange sets four sets of listing standards with a market value of 200 million, 400 million, 800 million and 1.5 billion.
Several small and medium-sized enterprises surveyed by nandu reporters are eager to increase financing efficiency due to accelerated business growth, and have plans for listing on the Beijing Stock Exchange. The above-mentioned "Policy Measures" proposes to improve the investment and financing docking mechanism of technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises and "specialized and specialized" small and medium-sized enterprises, broaden financing channels, accelerate the pace of listing, and strive to promote the listing and financing of 300 small and medium-sized enterprises in 5 years.
A number of other private enterprises expressed the hope of absorbing state-owned capital and increasing the stability of the capital chain. In recent years, the government has increased its support for the domestic Xinchuang industry (that is, the information technology application innovation industry), and many enterprises want to strive to be shortlisted in the official Xinchuang product procurement catalog.
Expert voices from the research team
"Specialized and specialized" enterprises should not only focus on the deep cultivation of product technology, but also carry out strategic alliances with financial capital and external network resources, and attach importance to accelerating capital operation and corporate brand building and promotion. ——Zhang Qiang, professor of Guangzhou Academy of Social Sciences
Now they are all competing for talents, but in the end, there are talents for research and development technology, but there are no high-end craftsman-type talents needed for specific production links. Enterprises should take the absorption of skilled talents as an important part of the supporting talents of enterprises. ——Lin Pingfan, former director of the Enterprise Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences
On the one hand, financial institutions are constantly improving the intellectual property financing system, on the other hand, through supply chain finance, special new enterprises can give full play to the dual roles of "key supporting" and "core enterprises" in the industrial chain, and multi-channel to help specialized new enterprises broaden financing channels, reduce financing thresholds, and let finance return to serve the real economy. ——Jiao Zhubin, General Manager of corporate business department of Agricultural Bank of China Guangzhou Branch