"Recite a poem, look at the thousand-year-old classics and make people fall in love; the song is a word, let the swinging qi return to the intestines and chant."
2022 "Classic Arias And Traditions , Great Beauty of China" with a heart of admiration of "the country and the mountains leave a trace, my generation returns to the scene", through poetry tasting, song interpretation, leading the audience to intuitively feel the prosperity and customs of the motherland, showing the beauty of Chinese history, mountains and rivers, and culture that flow endlessly in the flow of time. The program opened the curtain of a new season in "Great Beauty of China" sung by teacher Kang Zhen and sung by Zhang Jie.
Walk the small streets of the ancient city of Suzaku,
I heard Taibai singing drunken Bright Moon
This is the spring rain that Du Fu praised,
Wang Wei's empty mountain was in his heart
I miss the moonlight on the eastern slope
Dreams follow fang weng's side
Even if I don't have the same talent as Jiaxuan,
Pick the lamp and look at the sword What we have is to take responsibility
Singing a poem to see a thousand-year-old classic is fascinating
The lyrics of the song make the lips and teeth leave a fragrance in the heart
Singing a poem to see a thousand-year-old classic is fascinating
The song is a word that allows the swinging qi to circulate
Empty mountains after new rain
The weather comes late in autumn
Bright Moon Matsuma Photo
Clear spring stone upstream
Chang'an - Katazuki
The sound of thousands of households pounding clothes
The autumn wind blows endlessly
Always jade care
Walk the small streets of the ancient city of Suzaku,
I heard Taibai singing drunken Bright Moon
This is the spring rain that Du Fu praised,
Wang Wei's empty mountain was in his heart
——Lyrics by Kang Zhen, composed by Han Lei, and Sung by Zhang Jie The song "Great American China"
Let's follow the song of Zhang Jie's "Great Beauty of China" and appreciate the poems contained in the lyrics.
I. "Walking in the small streets of the ancient city of Suzaku"
"Walking in the small streets of the ancient city of Suzaku" - this sentence comes from the poet Liu Yuxi's "Wuyi Lane":
Wild grass flowers by the Suzaku Bridge, the sunset at the mouth of Wuyi Lane.
The desolate weeds on the side of the Suzaku Bridge have blossomed, and the ruins of the broken wall at the mouth of Wuyi Lane are hanging obliquely by the sunset.
Suzaku Bridge: Outside Jinling City, Wuyi Lane is on the bridge, in present-day Qinhuai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, across the Qinhuai River.
In the old days, Wang Xie Tang Qianyan flew into the homes of ordinary people.
The swallows under the eaves of Wang Dao and Xie An have now flown into the homes of ordinary people.
Old times: Jin Dynasty.
Wang Xie: Wang Dao, Xie An, Jin Xiang, the family family, many talents, all living in the alley, crown cover, for the Six Dynasties giant room. By the time of the Tang Dynasty, the decline was unknown.
Ordinary: Ordinary.
"Wuyi Lane" Is a famous passage of the Tang Dynasty poet Liu Yuxi who sighed and hid but did not reveal, and sent a tribute to Yong Huai, which is one of the group poems "Five Questions of Jinling". The poet had never been to Jinling before, and he always had a vision for the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, and just when a friend showed him five poems of The Ancient Monuments of Jinling that he had written, he took advantage of the joy and made five of them. Wuyi Lane was originally the place where the nobles of the Six Dynasties lived, the most prosperous, and now the famous Suzaku Bridge is covered with wild grass, and there are no cars and horses coming and going at the mouth of Wuyi Lane, only the sunset shines obliquely on the deep wall of the past.
The first sentence of "Wild Grass Flowers by the Suzaku Bridge", the Suzaku Bridge spans the Qinhuai River in Nanjing, which is the only way from the city center to Wuyi Lane. The bridge is adjacent to Wuyi Lane on the south bank of the river, not only in terms of location, but also in history. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Wuyi Lane was a settlement area inhabited by the Gaomen Tu people, and the founding father Wang Dao and Xie An, who commanded the Battle of Shuishui, lived here. The heavy building decorated with two bronze finches on the old bridge was built by Xie An. Literally, the Suzaku Bridge is again paired with Wuyi Lane. Using the Suzaku Bridge to outline the environment of Wuyi Lane is not only in line with the reality of geography, but also can create a sense of beauty of the battle, and can also evoke relevant historical associations, which is the choice of "killing three birds with one stone". What stands out in the sentence are the weeds and wildflowers that grow by the bridge. The grass grows flowers, indicating when spring. Press the word "wild" in front of "grass flower", which adds a desolate atmosphere to the scenery. Coupled with the fact that these wild grasses and wildflowers are vines on the banks of the suzaku bridge, which has always been busy, it makes us think that there may be deep meaning in them.
I remember that in the poem "Thousands of Households and Thousands of Doors Become Wild Grasses" ("Taicheng"), the author once used "wild grass" to symbolize decay. Now, in this poem, such a prominent "wild grass flower" does not mean that the Suzaku Bridge, which used to be full of traffic, is now desolate and cold!
The second sentence, "The Sunset Slope at the Mouth of Wuyi Lane", shows that Wuyi Lane is not only reflected in the background of the ancient bridge that has fallen and desolate, but also appears in the residual light of the slanting sun. The "oblique" characters in the sentence that are interpreted as "oblique illumination" correspond to the "flower" characters in the previous sentence as the "flowering" solution, and are all used as verbs, and they all write out the dynamics of the scene. "Sunset", the sunset in the west, and then click on a "oblique" word, highlights the bleak scene of the sun thinning the western mountains. Originally, the wuyi lane entrance in the heyday should be dressed in clothes and horses. Now, the author uses a touch of oblique light to completely envelop Wuyi Lane in a lonely and bleak atmosphere.
After the setting of the environment and the rendering of the atmosphere, it seems that it is time to turn to the positive description of the changes in Wuyi Lane and express the feelings of the attackers. However, the author did not adopt too shallow writing methods, such as, "Who lived in Wuyi Lane, looking back at the Xie family" (Sun Yuanyan's "Yong Wuyi Lane"), "Nowhere to find Wang Xie's residence, falling flowers and birds chirping Mo Ling Chun" (anonymous), etc.; instead, with the help of depictions of scenery, he wrote a famous sentence that was popular among the people: "In the old days, Wang Xie Tang Qianyan flew into the homes of ordinary people". Unexpectedly, he suddenly turned his brushstrokes to the nesting swallows above Wuyi Lane, allowing people to identify along the direction of the swallows, and now wuyi Lane is already inhabited by ordinary people's homes.
In order to enable the reader to clearly understand the poet's intentions, the author specifically points out that these swallows that now fly into the homes of ordinary people to build nests were old swallows that used to inhabit the eaves of the high halls of Wang Dao and Xie An. The word "old time" gives the swallow the identity of a historical witness. The word "ordinary" also emphasizes how different today's people are from the past. From this, we can clearly hear the author's infinite feelings about this change. The design of the feiyan image seems to be handy, in fact, it embodies the author's artistic ingenuity and rich imagination. Jin Fuxian's "Preface to Yan Fu" said: "There is a saying that the swallow nests here this year, and the one who returns next year." It will pass away, and the claws will be recognized. The consequences are enormous. Of course, in life, even a swallow with an extremely long life cannot be an old swallow four hundred years ago. But the author captures the characteristics of swallows as migratory birds perching old nests, which is enough to arouse the reader's imagination, hint at the prosperity of Wuyi Lane in the past, and play a role in highlighting the contrast between the past and the present.
"Wuyi Lane" focuses on the current situation of Wuyi Lane in artistic expression; its past is only subtly hinted at. The poet's feelings are even more hidden, and they are embedded in the description of the scenery. Therefore, although it is ordinary in scenery and simple in language, it has a subtle beauty that makes people read endlessly.
This poem writes about the poet's deep feelings about the rise and fall of the rise and fall. Suzaku Bridge and Wuyi Lane are still the same, but the weeds are overgrown and the sunset has tilted. The desolate scene already implies the poet's sensitive experience of the rise and fall of prosperity and decay. The last two sentences express the author's lament for the vicissitudes of the world and the changes in prosperity and decline through the nest of swallows, and the pen is particularly tortuous. This poem is the second in Liu Yuxi's famous epic poem "Five Questions of Jinling".
Creative background
In 826 (the second year of the Tang Jingzong Bao calendar), Liu Yuxi returned to Luoyang from his post as a thorn in Hezhou (present-day Hexian County, Anhui Province) and passed through Jinling (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu Province), and wrote this group of poems on the yonghuai monuments, the total title of "Five Questions of Jinling", which is the second of them.
2. "Hearing the Drunken Moon Sung by Taibai"
"Hearing Taibai sing the drunken bright moon" - this sentence is derived from the poem Xian Li Bai's "Drinking Alone Under the Moon : One of the Four Songs":
A pot of wine between the flowers, drinking alone (zhuó) without blind dates.
I poured myself a pot of wine among the flowers, and I drank it myself, without a single friend or relative.
between: one "down", one "before".
Drinking: Drink alcohol.
Drinking alone: Drinking alone.
No blind date: No one close to.
Raise a glass to invite (yāo) Mingyue to the shadow into three people.
Raise a glass to the sky, invite mingyue, and face my shadow, and become three people.
"Raise a glass" two sentences: I raised my glass to invite Mingyue to drink together, and Mingyue and I and my shadow just formed three people. One said that the shadow under the moon, the shadow in the wine, and I were three people.
The moon did not drink, and the shadow disciple followed me.
Mingyue could not understand the joy of drinking, and the shadow could only silently follow me.
Both: Already.
Incomprehensible: Do not understand, do not understand.
A: In vain, in vain. A: Empty.
Temporarily accompanied by the moon will be shadowed, happy and spring.
For the time being, accompanied by the shadow of the bright moon, take advantage of this spring supper to have fun in time.
WILL: and, total.
And Spring: Take advantage of the bright spring.
My song and moon linger, and my dancing shadow is chaotic.
I chanted the Psalms, the moon wandered with me, my hands and feet danced, and the shadows wandered with me.
Moon Wandering: The bright moon moves back and forth with me.
Shadow Chaos: Confused by dancing.
When you wake up, you have sex with each other, and when you are drunk, you disperse. (Tongjiaohuan Ichijo: Renunciation)
When I am sober, I share joy with you, and when I am drunk, I run my own way.
Rejoicing: Rejoicing together. A "fellowship".
Yongjie travels mercilessly, phase period miǎo yunhan.
I would like to forge a friendship with them forever that forgets the hurt, and meet on the edge of the ethereal Milky Way.
Ruthless travel: The moon and shadow have no consciousness and do not understand feelings, and Li Bai befriends them, so it is called "ruthless travel".
Phase Period Miao Yunhan: Agreed to meet in heaven. Period: Dating. MI: Distant. Yunhan: Galaxy. This refers to the Distant Heaven wonderland. "Miao Yunhan" is a "Biyan Bank".
This poem writes about the poet's feelings of loneliness and sorrow arising from political frustration.
In Buddhism, there is the so-called "establishing one righteousness", then "breaking one righteousness", "breaking" and then "standing", "standing" and then "breaking", and finally obtaining the method of discernment. In modern parlance, it is to first explain the truth, refute it, then establish a new theory, then refute it, and finally get the correct conclusion. Regarding such an argument, there are generally always two sides, "breaking" and "standing" with each other. However, Li Bai's poem is only one person, in the form of monologues, self-reliant, self-destructive, self-reliant, and the poetry is fluctuating and almost natural, so it has been recited for posterity.
When the poet comes on, the background is a flower room, the props are a pot of wine, the character on the scene is only him, the action is alone, plus the three words "no blind date", the scene is very monotonous. So the poet suddenly had a whim, pulled the bright moon in the sky, and his shadow under the moonlight, pulled over, including himself, into three people, toasting together, and the cold scene became lively. This is "standing".
However, despite the poet's hospitality, "raising a glass to invite Mingyue", Mingyue is "not to drink" after all. As for the shadow, although as Tao Qian said, "when you meet the Son, you have not tasted any sorrow and joy, and if you are temporarily obedient, you will not say goodbye to the end of the day" ("Shadow Answer Shape"), after all, the shadow will not drink; the poet will temporarily accompany the bright moon and the figure, and when the spring is warm and blossoming ("spring" reverses the word "flower") above, he will have fun in time. "Gu Ying was alone, and suddenly he was drunk." (Tao Qian's drinking poem preface) These four sentences also say that the love of the moon and the shadow is unpredictable, overturning the previous case, which is "broken".
The poet has gradually entered the drunken country, and the wine is full of joy, singing and dancing. When the song is sung, the moonlight wanders, clinging to it, as if listening to the good news; the figure of the poet during the dance, under the moonlight, also turns and turns, as if dancing with him. When they wake up, they rejoice with each other, until they are drunk and lying on the bed, and the moonlight and the figure are helplessly separated. "I sing the moon and wander, I dance in a chaotic way, I have sex when I wake up, and I scatter after I am drunk", these four sentences also write the moonlight and the figure as a deep love for the poet. This is again "standing".
In the last two sentences, the poet sincerely meets with the "moon" and "shadow": "The eternal knot travels mercilessly, and the phase is expected to be Yun Han." However, "moon" and "shadow" are still ruthless things after all, and the reason for the ruthless things to be socialized is mainly due to the poet's own sentientity, the "ruthlessness" in the sentence "eternal knot ruthless tour" is broken, and the "eternal knot" and "tour" are standing, broken and standing, which constitutes the final conclusion.
The title is "Drinking Alone Under the Moon", and the poet uses a rich imagination to express a complex emotion from being alone but not alone, from being alone to being alone, and then from being alone and not alone. On the surface, the poet can really enjoy himself, but on the back there is infinite desolation. The poet once had a poem "Spring Drunken Speech": "If you think of a big dream in the world, do you have to work hard for your life?" So I was drunk all day and lay down in the front. Before the court, a bird and a flower sang. Borrowing this time, the spring wind is flowing warblers. Sighing with emotion, he leaned towards the wine. Hao Ge waited for the bright moon, and the song was already forgotten. Among them, words such as "a bird", "self-leaning", and "waiting for the bright moon" show the loneliness that the poet is difficult to dispel. Lonely to invite the moon and shadow is not counted, even in the years to come, I don't want to find someone to drink with, so I can only swim with the moonlight figure forever, and meet in the distant heavenly wonderland to say goodbye. The last two sentences point out the poet's lonely and lonely feelings.
Appreciation TWO
It's a well-cut scene, but it's so natural to write. Li Baiyue drank alone, facing the bright moon and the shadow, and seemed to form a picture of three people drinking together in the hallucination. On this warm spring night, Li Bai sang and danced while drinking, and the moon and shadow also rose and fell with the ups and downs of his feelings, as if they were also sharing the joy and sorrow of his drinking. Logically, things have little to do with people's inner world. But from a poetic point of view, the two are inextricably linked. This is also the origin of "Xing" in Chinese poetry. It has been giving nature anthropomorphic movements, thoughts and emotions since the beginning of the Book of Poetry, such as "the moon rises brightly, the people are good", "the moon is sad", "the wind of sorrow" and so on. Li Bai's poem corresponds to this "Xing" writing method, giving the bright moon and the shadow emotion. As Lin Yutang said: "It is a poetic belief in harmony with nature, which makes life fluctuate with the fluctuations of human emotions." ”
But at the end of the poem, Li Bai reveals a complex sentiment of being unique and not alone, not alone and alone, and he knows that the moon and the shadow book are heartless things, but they are just sentimental. In the face of this ruthless thing, Li Bai still wants to travel ruthlessly forever, which means that when drinking alone under the moon, he still has to invite this moon and the shadow to sing and dance with him, even if it is "Xiang Xiang Yun Han", he will not quit. It can be seen how far the lonely sentient beings of Taibai have come! Stephen Owen once said: "Poetry is a tool through which the poet understands and appreciates his uniqueness." It is precisely because Li Bai has this "Drinking Alone Under the Moon" that "The Shadow Becomes Three", which makes people understand and appreciate his uniqueness. Regardless of men, women and children, any Chinese, as long as he raises a glass and drinks, he will chant "Raise a glass to invite the bright moon, to the shadow into three people" to express his playfulness of the so-called elegance and drinking alone. And the uniqueness of this poem has long been dissolved into the collective unconscious of the nation. ▲
Creative background
The poem was written around 744 AD (the third year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang), when Li Bai was living in Chang'an, at a time of official frustration. Under the title of this poem, the two Song Ben and Miao Ben both note the word "Chang'an", which means that these four poems were written in Chang'an. At that time, Li Bai's political ideals could not be realized, and his mood was lonely and depressed. So write this poem and tell yourself to have fun in time.
Some people think that this sentence comes from his "Quiet Night Thoughts":
Bright moonlight in front of the bed, suspected (yí) is ground frost (shuāng).
Bright moonlight sprinkled on the window paper, as if a layer of white frost had spread on the ground.
Doubt: Like.
Bed: There are five theories in this transmission. One finger well platform. Two fingers well bar. Three "beds" are the common kansa of "windows". The four take the original meaning, that is, the apparatus of sitting and lying down. Wu Ma Wei Du and others believe that the bed should be interpreted as a hu bed. Hu bed, also known as "handover bed", "cross chair", "rope bed". In ancient times, a light seat that could be folded, the maza functioned like a small bench.
Look up at the bright moon and look down at your hometown.
I looked up at the bright moon in the sky outside the window that day, and couldn't help but look down and meditate, thinking of my hometown in the distance.
Raise your head: Look up.
This poem is about the feeling of missing home on a silent moonlit night.
The first two sentences of the poem are about the illusion created by the poet for a moment in the specific environment of the guest. A person who is alone in a foreign country, busy during the day, can still dilute the sorrow, but when it is late at night, it is inevitable that the heart will flood with waves of missing his hometown. Moreover, it is the night of the moon, let alone the autumn night when the moon is as frosty as frost. The word "doubt" in "Doubt is the frost on the ground" vividly expresses the poet's first awakening from sleep, and in a trance, he mistakenly used the cold moonlight that shone in front of the bed for a thick frost on the ground. The word "frost" is used more beautifully, which not only describes the purity of the moonlight, but also expresses the cold of the season, and also sets off the lonely and desolate feelings of the poet floating in his hometown.
The last two sentences of the poem deepen the homesickness through the portrayal of the action and demeanor. The word "hope" corresponds to the word "doubt" in the preceding sentence, indicating that the poet has changed from misty to awake, and he stares at the moon and cannot help but think that at this moment his hometown is also under the illumination of this round of bright moon. So nature leads to the concluding sentence of "bowing your head and thinking of your hometown". The action of "bowing one's head" depicts the poet in complete contemplation. And the word "si" leaves the reader with a wealth of imagination: the fathers, brothers, relatives and friends of the hometown, the mountains and rivers, the grass and trees of the hometown, the lost years and the past... It's all in my thoughts. The content of a "thought" word is too rich.
The Ming Dynasty man Hu Yinglin said: "The so-called "those who have no intention of working and do not work without doing anything." Wang Shimao said: "(Absolute sentence) Sheng Tang Wei Qinglian (Li Bai) and Long Biao (Wang Changling) were two masters. Li is more natural, former residence on the king. What is "nature" and "no intention of working without doing anything"? This song "Quiet Night Thoughts" is a sample list. Therefore, Hu Shi specially put it forward and said that it was "wonderful ancient and modern".
This little poem, which has neither a peculiar and novel imagination nor a beautiful rhetoric; it is only a narrative tone, writing about homesickness, but it is meaningful, intriguing, and for thousands of years, it has attracted readers so widely.
A person who is a guest from another country will probably have such a feeling: during the day, it is not enough, and when the night is quiet, the feeling of homesickness will inevitably ripple in the heart; not to mention the night of the moon, let alone the autumn night of the bright moon!
The moon is white and frosty, which is a night scene in autumn; the use of frost to describe the moonlight is also often seen in classical poetry. For example, the Poem of Xiao Gang of The Liangjian Wen Emperor Xiao Gang's "Xuanpu Na Liang" has the sentence "The night moon is like autumn frost"; and the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ruoxuan, who preceded Li Bai, used "The Frost In the Air Does Not Fly" to write about the clear moonlight, giving people a three-dimensional feeling, especially the wonderful conception. But these appear in the poem as a rhetorical means. The poem's "doubt is the frost on the ground" is a narrative, not a metaphorical object, an illusion created by the poet in a moment in a particular environment. Why is there such an illusion? It is not difficult to imagine that these two sentences describe the scene in which the guests cannot sleep late at night and have their first dreams. At this time, the courtyard was lonely, and the bright moonlight through the window hit the bed, bringing the cold autumn chill of the forest. The poet looked dimly at first glance, and in a trance-like mood, it was as if the ground had been covered with a layer of white frost; but when he looked at it again, the surrounding environment told him that it was not frost marks but moonlight. The moonlight could not help but attract him to look up, a round of JuanJuan Su Luo was hanging in front of the window, the space of the autumn night was so clear! At this time, he was fully awake.
The autumn moon is exceptionally bright, but it is cold. For lone travelers, it is most likely to touch the nostalgia of the traveler, making people feel that the guest situation is depressed and the years are easy to pass. Gazing at the moon is also the easiest to make people have reverie, think of everything in their hometown, and think of their relatives at home. Thinking, thinking, the head gradually lowered, completely immersed in contemplation.
From "doubt" to "raising the head", from "raising the head" to "bowing the head", it vividly reveals the poet's inner activities and clearly outlines a vivid picture of homesickness on the moon and night.
Just four short verses, written fresh and simple, clear as words. Its content is simple, but at the same time it is rich. It is easy to understand, but it is also inexhaustible. The poet has not said much more than he has already said. Its idea is meticulous and deep, but it is blurted out and unobstructed. From here, it is not difficult for readers to understand the wonderful situation of Li Bai's sentences of "nature" and "no intention to work but no work".
Creative background
Li Bai's "Quiet Night Thoughts" was created at the Yangzhou Hotel on September 15, 726 (the fourteenth year of Tang Xuanzong's kaiyuan), when Li Bai was 26 years old. At the same time, there is also a poem "Autumn Night Travel". On a night when there were few stars in the month, the poet looked up at the sky and a bright moon, and his homesickness sprang up, and he wrote this famous poem "Quiet Night Thoughts" that has been recited for thousands of years and is well known at home and abroad.
III. "This is the new rain that Du Fu praised"
"This is the new rain that Du Fu praised" - this sentence is derived from the poem Saint Du Fu's "Happy Rain on Spring Nights":
Good rain knows the season, when spring is happening.
Good rain knows the season of rain, which is when the plants grow in the spring.
Know: Understand, know. Saying that rain knows the season is an anthropomorphic way of writing.
NAI: Yes.
Occurrence: Cuteness grows.
Dive with the wind (qián) into the night, the moisturizer is silent.
As the spring breeze quietly falls in the night, silently moisturizing everything in spring.
Submarine: Secretly, quietly. This refers to the spring rain that quietly arrives with the wind at night.
Moisturizer: Nourishes the plant with rain.
The wild trails are dark and the river boats are alone.
On a rainy night, the field path is dark, and only the lights on the river boats flicker alone.
Trails: Paths between fields.
Look at the red wet place, the flower weight (zhòng) JinguanCheng.
At dawn, looking at the rain-soaked flowers, delicate and red, the whole Jinguan City became a world of blooming flowers.
Xiao: It was just dawn.
Red Wet Place: Rain wet flowers.
Flower weight: Flowers appear heavy because they are full of rain.
Jinguancheng: The original site is in the south of present-day Chengdu, also known as Jincheng. During the Three Kingdoms Shu Han Dynasty, the official who managed the brocade was stationed here, hence the name. Later generations used as another name for Chengdu.
The poem begins with a "good" word in praise of "rain." Why is it good, because it "knows the seasons". Here is to personify the rain, in which the word "know" is used to convey the gods, which simply writes the rain alive. Spring is the season when everything sprouts, and it needs to rain, and the rain starts to fall. It's really "good".
The jaw joint further shows the "good" of rain, in which the words "submerged", "moist", "fine" and so on vividly write the characteristics of rain "good". The reason why rain is "good" is good in the right time, good in "moisturizing". "Dive into the night with the wind, and the moisturizer is silent." This is still anthropomorphic. The combination of "diving into the night" and "silent" not only indicates that the rain is a drizzle that accompanies the wind, but also indicates that the rain is deliberately "moisturizing" and has no intention of "pleasing". If there is a deliberate desire to be "good", it will come during the day, and it will create a little momentum for people to see and hear clearly. Only when it deliberately "moisturizes things" and does not intend to "please", it chooses a time that does not hinder people's work and labor, and quietly and carefully underground in the night when people are sleeping.
This is followed by a visual depiction of the rainy night scene. On less gloomy nights, the path is easier to see than the field, and the river surface is easier to discern than on the shore. Looking around now, "the wild trails are dark and the river boats are alone." "Only the lights on the ship were bright. In addition, even the river surface could not be seen, the path could not be discerned, the sky was full of dark and heavy clouds, and the ground was as black as clouds. It looks like the rain is about to fall until dawn. These two sentences write the beautiful scene of night rain, "black" and "bright" contrast with each other, not only pointing out the thick rain foot of the clouds, but also giving people a strong sense of beauty.
The tail link is the imaginary post-rain scene, and the word "hi" in the title closely writes the charming scene of the imaginary morning JinguanCheng after the rain. After such a "good rain" rain for one night, everything was moistened and the glory grew. The flowers of one of all things, the flowers that best represent the color of spring, also open with rain and are red. The poet said: Wait until early tomorrow morning to see, the whole Jinguancheng (Chengdu) miscellaneous peanut trees, a "red wet", a bright red, heavy, into a sea of flowers. The use of words such as "red wet" and "flower weight" fully shows that the poet's body is delicate.
The poet looks forward to such "good rain" and loves them. Therefore, although the word "xi" in the title does not appear in the poem, "the meaning of 'joy' bursts through the cracks" (Pu Qilong's "Reading Du Xin Xie"). When the poet was looking forward to the spring rain "moisturizing", the rain began to fall, so when he came up, he shouted "good" with joy. The second couplet was written by the poet. The poet listened attentively and heard that the rain was densely covered in the spring night, only for "moisturizing things", not seeking knowledge, and naturally "happy" to sleep. Because the rain was "silent", it was not real to hear, and I was afraid that it had stopped, so I went out to see it. The third link is written by the poet. Seeing that the rain is thick, I can't help but imagine the beauty of the city after dawn. His mood of infinite joy is very vivid. The Middle Tang Dynasty poet Li You wrote a poem "Watching and Praying for Rain": "Mulberry strips have no leaves and native smoke, and the pipe is in front of the Yinglong Water Temple." Zhu Men watched the song and dance in several places, and he was afraid of the spring yin pharyngeal orchestra. Compared with those who watched the songs and dances in Zhumen, Du Fu's joy at the spring rain "moisturizing things" was naturally also a very lofty feeling.
Appreciation 2
Du Fu's five-word poem is one of his famous poems written in chengdu in the second year, and has always been recited by people. At that time, with the help of relatives and friends, coupled with his own painstaking management, the Huanhua Caotang where he lived was basically completed. After a long period of upheaval and displacement and suffering from sorrow, Du Fu's life was finally temporarily stable, so he had time to conduct in-depth observation and meticulous contemplation of Chengdu's natural scenery, and on this basis, he created many poems that chanted them. "Happy Rain on Spring Nights" is one of the most prominent ones.
At the beginning of the poem, Du Fu praises the rain that falls on a spring night as "good rain." Because in the spring crops are in great need of rainwater. Farmer's proverb: "Spring rain is as expensive as oil." It reflects the preciousness of spring rain. Because Chengdu is located in the Sichuan Basin of the "Kingdom of Heavenly Capital", the climate is mild and the rainfall is abundant, although it often rains at night in the spring, but there is bright sunshine the next day. This is just as the poet described in another poem: "The days of Shu often rain at night, and the river sills are already clear." When the rain is needed, the rain falls, and it "knows the season", so "when spring is happening". This kind of "timely rain" that is necessary for the growth of all things is really a rare good rain! These two verses are depicted in an anthropomorphic way. Treating ruthlessness as sentient and ignorance as knowledge, Du Fu often wrote poetry. Here the spring rain is regarded as sentient, so it can fall according to the needs of the times. The words "zhi" and "nai" in the poem echo one after another, which are extremely expressive, and the poet's mood of joy for rain jumps on the paper.
Then, the third and fourth sentences not only describe the dynamics of the spring rain, but also convey its god of moisturizing things. Because it rains well at night, the poet focuses on depicting rain scenes from the "sense of hearing". The rain is fine but not sudden, and gradually disappears with the night. It comes quietly, silently, and is not noticed by people, so it is called "sneaking into the night". Such a silent underground rain is, of course, a drizzle that moisturizes all things. "Fine and silent" just appropriately expresses its precious spirit. The words "submerged" and "thin" are used accurately and appropriately, with the former revealing a very slight wind and the latter illustrating the extremely little rain. This is exactly as Qiu Zhao'ao said: "Knowing the subliminal and the delicate, the writing is smooth and the pulse is the closest to the opportunity for the creation to occur." (Detailed Notes on Du Shi, vol. 10)
The fifth and sixth sentences are further depicted from the "visual" perspective of the night rain scene. "Wild path" refers to the path between fields, referring to the ground; "Cloud" refers to the sky. Since it was raining at night, the clouds were thick, the stars were lurking, the moon was dark, and the sky and the ground were pitch black, indicating that the rain was thick. In an inky black world, only the boats on the riverside radiated a ray of light, and they looked particularly bright. This is an extremely vivid picture of the night scene in the rain. The words "club" and "alone" used by the poet here are all intended to highlight this scene. And in this scene, there is also the poet's own surprise feelings.
The last two sentences are written about the dawn after the rain. It was the next day. In the morning and rain, the whole city of Chengdu is dazzling flowers, and the flowers cannot lift their heads heavily. It's dizzying and relaxing. At this point, the poet's feelings for Xiyu reached a climax, so the verse of "Hua ChongJin Guancheng" rushed out of the mouth, which is really "exquisite throughout, and the second half is especially divine". Wang Siyi said: "The word 'heavy' in shuyu is wonderful, and others cannot descend." (Du Xuan, vol. 4)
The poem is delicate and moving. The plot of the poem, from the general narrative to the depiction of the image, from the ear to the witness, from the night to the next morning, the structure is rigorous. Use the words carefully. The night rain scenery that is quite difficult to write, but it is written very dazzlingly and prominently, making people from between the lines. Breathe in a joyful spring scent. Although the title of this poem is "Happy Rain on Spring Night"), the whole poem does not show happy words, but it is always full of joy. Obviously, the poet's feelings are not born out of a momentary impulse, but have a basis in reality. According to historical records, a year before he wrote this poem, there was a serious famine in the Gyeonggi area, "rice bucket to 7,000 yuan, cannibalism" (Zizhi Tongjian Tang Ji). Therefore, as soon as Du Fu heard the sound of rain, he felt infinite joy, and this joy precisely reflected the poet's lofty thoughts and feelings of concern for the people's suffering. ▲
Comments
Ordinary scenes are the most difficult to write, and being able to write difficult scenes as in the present, and so real and nuanced, so immersive, that only a great poet can do it. This is a song of five laws. The first two pairs use flowing water pairs to write down the charm of spring rain in one breath, and the last couplet writes a surprise of suddenly looking back, and the grammar is rigorous and integrated. The poet expresses the good rain on a spring night according to the process and angle of first "listening to the rain with his ears down", then "looking up at the rain", and then "closing his eyes and imagining". The poem is written from hearing to vision, and even psychological feeling, from the night to the morning, the structure is rigorous, and the description is delicate; Language tempering refinement; It skillfully uses artistic techniques with strong expressiveness such as anthropomorphism and contrast. The poem depicts the scene and writes love sentence by sentence, without words such as joy and pleasure, but everywhere reveals the breath of joy and the bright mood. The "Commentary on the Essence of the Law of Yingkui" quotes Ji Yun: "This is a famous passage, the whole body is exquisite, and the second half is particularly divine."
In terms of rhyme, the poet rhymes with rhyme, and the "Geng" rhyme he chooses is the mother of the post-nose rhyme, and its pronunciation process is longer, which objectively slows down the time and tone of the whole poem, which is just suitable for expressing the long and delicate emotions of joy but not impulsiveness, mellow and not unrestrained in the poem. ▲
Creative background
The poem was written in the spring of the second year of the first century (761 AD). At the time of writing this poem, he had been living in Caotang in Chengdu for two years. Du Fu finally settled in Chengdu after a period of exile and migration. He personally cultivated, planted vegetables and flowers, interacted with farmers, and had a deep affection for spring rain, so he wrote this beautiful poem describing the rain on spring nights and moisturizing all things.
IV. "Wang Wei's Empty Mountain is in His Heart"
"Wang Wei's empty mountain is in the heart" - this sentence is derived from the poem Buddha Wang Wei's "Mountain Residence Autumn Dawn":
After the new rain on the empty mountain, the weather came late in autumn.
The valley is empty and fresh after the fresh rains, and the weather is particularly cool in the early autumn evening.
Yuki: At sunset, it will be late.
Empty Mountains: Empty, empty mountains.
NEW: Just now.
Bright moon pine light, clear spring stone upstream.
The bright moon reflects the quiet pine forest, and the clear spring water flows on the mountain rocks.
Qingquan Stone Upstream: It is written about the scenery after the rain.
Bamboo hustle and bustle (huàn) woman, lotus moved under the fishing boat.
The girl in the bamboo forest laughed and returned from laundry, and the lotus leaf gently swayed under the light boat.
Bamboo noise: Laughter and noise in the bamboo forest.
Noise: Laughter and noise.
Raccoon Woman: A woman who washes clothes. Huan: Wash clothes.
At will Chun Fang Xie (xiē), Wang Sun Zi can stay.
Let the beauty of spring subside, and the autumn scenery in front of you is enough to linger.
Casual: Do as you please.
Chunfang: Spring flowers and plants.
REST: Dissipate, disappear.
Wang Sun: Originally referred to the children of the nobility, here refers to the poet himself.
Stay: Home.
This poem is a famous piece of landscape. It depicts the beautiful scenery of the mountain village and the simple customs of the mountain villagers in the evening after the early autumn rains, and expresses the poet's satisfaction with the pastoral landscape and the comfortable and self-satisfied life of seclusion, and expresses the beauty of personality and society with natural beauty. The whole poem perfectly integrates the autumn coolness after the rain on the empty mountain, the light of the bright moon in Matsuma, the sound of the clear spring on the stone and the laughter in the bamboo forest when the raccoon girl returns, and the dynamic of the fishing boat passing through the lotus flower, harmoniously and perfectly integrated, giving people a rich and fresh feeling. It is like a fresh and beautiful landscape painting, and like a quiet and beautiful lyrical music, reflecting the creative characteristics of Wang Wei's paintings.
The first link is to write about the autumn scenery in the mountains after the rain, because it is rarely visited here, naturally I don't know that someone in the mountains has come. The word "empty mountain" points out that here is like a paradise, the mountain rain is at the beginning of the day, everything is new, and it is the evening of early autumn, the air is fresh, the scenery is wonderful, you can imagine.
The sky is already dark, but there is a bright moon in the sky; the crowd has given thanks, but there are green pines like a cover. The mountain spring is clear, flowing on the mountain stone, like a white and flawless practice, shining in the moonlight, what a quiet and clear natural beauty! Wang Wei's "Four Sages of Jishang" once praised the noble sentiments of the two sages, saying that "there is no evil wood in the yin, and the drinking water will be clean." The poet himself is such a man of high will. Isn't the green pine under this moon and the clear spring on the stone exactly the ideal realm he pursues? These two sentences are picturesque, casual and unhurried.
The poet in the neck link first wrote "bamboo noise" and then wrote "lotus movement", because the raccoon girl was hidden in the bamboo forest, the fishing boat was covered by the lotus leaves, at first it was not seen, until it heard the noise of the bamboo forest, saw the lotus leaves, only to find the raccoon girl and the lotus boat. Writing in this way is more sincere and poetic. It was written that there were bursts of singing and laughter in the bamboo forest, that is, some innocent girls washed their clothes and laughed and returned one after another; the lotus leaves were draped on both sides, overturning countless pearl-like crystalline water droplets, and it was a fishing boat down the river that broke the tranquility of the lotus pond moon. Under this green pine and bright moon, in this green bamboo and green lotus, there lives such a group of carefree, industrious and kind people. This harmonious and beautiful picture of life reflects the poet's yearning for a leisurely and carefree life, and at the same time sets off his dislike of dark officialdom from the opposite side. These two sentences are written very skillfully, and the pen does not show traces, making people feel that they are clever.
The tail link is the poet's feeling. Although the spring light is gone, the autumn scenery is better and I am willing to stay. Its joy returns to nature, sends love to the landscape, advocates a quiet and indifferent pastoral life, and does not want to join the same stream. Disgust with the eunuch sea is overflowing with words.
The middle two of the poems are both scenes, and each has its own emphasis. The jaw joint side rewrites the object, with the material fang and Ming Zhijie; the neck side rewrites the person, with the person and the hope of the government. At the same time, the two complement each other, spring water, green pine, green bamboo, green lotus, can be said to be a portrayal of the poet's noble sentiments, are the poet's ideal state of the environment.
This poem is a natural beauty to express the beauty of the poet's personality and the beauty of an ideal society. On the surface, this poem only uses the method of "endowment" to model mountains and rivers, and makes a meticulous and touching portrayal of the scenery, but in fact, the whole text is Bixing. The poet expresses his admiration through the depiction of landscapes and waters, which is rich in content and intriguing.
Creative background
This poem writes that the scenery of dusk after the rain that the author saw in the place where he lived in the early autumn should have been composed by Wang Wei when he lived in seclusion under the Zhongnan Mountain.
V. "I miss the moonlight on the eastern slope in particular"
"I especially miss the moonlight on the eastern slope" - this sentence comes from Su Shi's "Water Tune Song Head • When is the Bright Moon":
Mid-Autumn Festival, drinking and getting drunk, writing this article, and conceiving a son.
On the Mid-Autumn Festival of the year of Bingchen (1076 AD), he drank all night until dawn, drunk, and wrote this article while expressing his nostalgia for his brother And Ziyu.
Bingchen: Refers to 1076 AD (the ninth year of Emperor Xining of Song). In this year, Su Shi served as a taishou in Mizhou (密州, in modern Zhucheng, Shandong).
DARDAN: Until dawn.
Ziyu: The character of Su Shi's younger brother Su Rui.
When is the moon? Ask the wine to qingtian. I don't know what year it is. I want to go home by the wind, and I am afraid of the qióng Lou Yuyu, and the high place is invincible (shèng, old reading shēng) cold. Dancing to find out the shadow, how it seems to be in the human world. (How to be like a work: when; and fear a work: only / fear)
When can there be such a bright moon as the Mid-Autumn Festival? I took the wine glass and asked the heavens. I don't know what day it is now that Gao Yao is in the upper palace. I wanted to go back to the sky with the wind to have a look, and I was worried that the building made of jade was too high for me to withstand the cold. Get up and dance to enjoy your own clear shadow in the moonlight, where the Moon Palace is comparable to the fireworks in the world.
Put the wine: Lift the glass. Put, hold, hold.
Heavenly Palace Que: Refers to the palace in the middle of the moon. Que, a stone platform behind the ancient city walls.
Return: Go back, here refers to going back to the Moon Palace.
Qionglou Yuyu: A building made of beautiful jade, referring to the imaginary Immortal Palace.
Invincible: Can't stand it.
Win: Bear, bear.
Clarify the shadow: It means that the figure under the moonlight also makes various dances.
KEY: Enjoy.
Ho- Like: How, where to compare.
Turn zhu ge, low qi (qǐ) household, sleepless. There should be no hatred, why cháng to the other time round? People have sorrows and joys, and the moon has clouds and sunshine, and this matter is difficult to complete. May the people be long-lasting, and the thousands of miles together (chán) juan (juān). (Long Direction Ichisaku: Bias)
The moon moved, turning over the scarlet pavilion, hanging low on the carved window, illuminating the sleepless people. Mingyue shouldn't have any resentment toward people, but why does it always come true when people leave? Life inherently has sorrows and joys, the moon often has clouds and sunshine, (the moon is just perfect when you want people to reunite) Such a good thing has been difficult to have both since ancient times. I only hope that the relatives of all people in this world can live a long and safe, healthy and long life, even if they are thousands of miles apart, they can enjoy the bright moon together.
Turn zhu ge, low Qi household, shine sleeplessly: The moon moves, turns over the vermilion pavilion, hangs low on the carved window, and illuminates the sleepless person (referring to the poet himself). Zhu Ge: A magnificent pavilion of vermilion. Kito: Ornately carved doors and windows.
There should be no hatred, why should the long time be round to the other time: (Moon) should not have any resentment (to people), why is it round when people are separated? What: Why.
This matter: refers to the "joy" and "union" of people and the "sunshine" and "circle" of the moon.
But: only.
Thousands of miles together: I only hope that the two are safe every year, although they are thousands of miles apart, they can also enjoy this beautiful moonlight together. TOTAL: Enjoy together. Chan Juan: Refers to the moon.
This poem is the work of the Mid-Autumn Festival, expressing the infinite thoughts of his brother Su Rui. Bingchen was born in the ninth year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1076 AD), when Su Shi was working as a Taishou in Mizhou (present-day Zhucheng, Shandong), and on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, he drank wine while admiring the moon until dawn, so he made this "Water Tune Song Head".
The lyricist uses the image depiction technique to outline a realm atmosphere in which the moon is empty, the relatives are thousands of miles, and the lonely and distant. Throughout his life, Su Shi advocated Confucianism and paid attention to practice. But he was also "a good Taoist", and after middle age, he once said that he "returned to the Buddhist monks", and was often entangled in the Confucian Tao. Whenever frustration is frustrated, Lao Zhuang's thoughts rise to help him explain the confusion of poverty and retreat. In the fourth year of Xi Ning (1071 AD), he sentenced Hangzhou as an official of Kaifeng Province, in order to avoid the whirlpool of political strife in Beijing. In the seventh year of Xi Ning (1074 AD), he transferred to Mizhou, although it was voluntary, but in essence he was still in a position of being treated coldly by the outside. Although the "appearance was more abundant" at that time, there were some broad performances, and it was difficult to hide the deep inner anger. This Mid-Autumn Festival poem is precisely the sublimation and summary of this sinister experience of eunuchs. "Drunkenness" is the Lord, and "Kaneko" is the auxiliary. For the author who has always adhered to the discipline of "respecting the lord and the people", the separation of hands and siblings and private feelings are after all secondary ethical burdens compared to the national situation of the court. This point has a profound and subtle hint in the preface.
In the scenery of nature, the moon is very romantic, and it is easy to inspire people's artistic associations. A crescent moon can be associated with the budding things of the first birth; a full moon can be associated with a beautiful reunion life; the purity of the moon is reminiscent of a bright and upright personality. In the image of the moon, the infinite beautiful vision and ideals of human beings are concentrated. Su Shi is a literary scholar with a bold personality and a romantic temperament, when he looks up at the Mid-Autumn Festival and the bright moon, his thoughts and emotions are like wings, soaring freely in the heavens and on earth. Reflected in the words, a bold and free style was formed.
This word looks at the moon on the film, which is both super interested, high and confused, but also down-to-earth, and has its own elegance. At the beginning, a question is asked: when did the bright moon begin to exist? Ask the wine to qingtian. The detail of asking wine to heaven is similar to Qu Yuan's "Heavenly Question" and Li Bai's "Asking Wine to the Moon". The obsession of his questions and the dust of his thoughts do have a similar kind of essence, qi, and spirit in it. In terms of creative motivation, Qu Yuan's "Heavenly Questions" yangyang more than 170 questions of majestic poetry is that after he was exiled, he wandered through the mountains, experienced linglu, and "asked questions" after seeing the "pictures of heaven and earth, mountains and rivers" and "ancient sages and holy monsters acting" in the Chu Xianwang Temple and the Gongqing Ancestral Hall (Wang Yi's "Chu CiZhang Sentences and Heavenly Questions"). It is the product of the stirring of the scene touch. Li Bai's poem "Asking the Wine to the Moon" is self-annotated: "The late Jia Chun ordered to ask him." "It should also be improvised. Su Shi's word, as stated in the preface, is a rhapsody of looking at the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and it is also a "work of prosperity" (Wang Guowei's "Words and Sayings on Earth"). They all have the characteristics of being abrupt and asking bizarrely. From the perspective of creative psychology, Qu Yuan was already "sighing and sighing in the sky" before he entered the temple of the first king"(Wang Yi's "Chu Ci Zhang Sentence Heavenly Question Sequence"), in a mental state of emotional obsession, so he asked Qingtian, "seems to be obsessed with not being stupid, and extremely angry and sad" (Hu Junyuan's "Chu Ci New Notes seeking accuracy"). Li Bai is "only willing to be in the golden bottle when the song is against the wine" ("Ask the wine to the moon"), and the kind of depression and confusion due to frustration is also audible. Su Shi wrote this word in the year of Ying Chen, when he asked himself to be appointed to Mizhou because he opposed Wang Anshi's new law. There was both a strong concern for the political situation of the imperial court and a complicated mood of expecting to return to Beijing, so it was the Mid-Autumn Festival, drunk, and Yixing was full of rhythm in the shan. The creative psychology of the three people is actually in the dark vein.
Su Shi regarded Qingtian as his friend and asked him about the wine, showing his bold personality and extraordinary courage. Li Bai's poem "Asking the Wine to the Moon" says: "When does the moon come in the blue sky?" I'll stop the cup and ask about it today. "However, Li Bai's tone here is more soothing, and Su Shi's tone is stronger and more urgent because he wants to fly to the Moon Palace." When is the moon? This question is very interesting, as if to trace the origin of the bright moon and the origin of the universe; and it seems to be marveling at the ingenuity of creation. Readers can feel the poet's praise and yearning for the bright moon.
The next two sentences: "I don't know what year it is in the heavenly palace." "The praise and yearning for the bright moon have been pushed forward one level." Many years have passed since the birth of the Bright Moon, and I don't know what day tonight is in the Moon Palace? The poet imagined that it must be a good day, so that is why the moon was so round and so bright. He really wanted to see it, so he continued, "I want to go home by the wind, and I am afraid of Qionglou Yuyu, and the high places are cold." The Tang dynasty called Li Bai "who immortal", Huang Tingjian called Su Shi and Li Bai "two immortals", and Su Shi himself also imagined that his previous life was a person in the middle of the moon, so he thought of "returning by the wind". He wanted to fly to the Moon Palace with the wind, but he was afraid that the Qionglou Yuyu there was too high to withstand the cold there. "Qionglou Yuyu", the words of the "Great Cause Collection": "Qu Qianyou played the moon on the riverbank, or what is there in this?" Qu Xiao said, "You can watch it as I please." 'Oh see the moon rule for half a day, QiongLou Yuyu is rotten. "Invincible cold", secretly using the allusion in the "Miscellaneous Records of the Ming Emperor": On the night of August 15, Ye Jing could invite the Ming Emperor to visit the Moon Palace. Before leaving, Ye told him to wear a leather coat. When I arrived at the Moon Palace, it was so cold that it was difficult to support. These few sentences clearly describe the high cold of the Moon Palace, hinting at the purity of the moonlight, and writing out the ambivalence of yearning for the heavens and staying in the human world very implicitly. There are two other words worth noting here, that is, "I want to go back by the wind" and "return". Flying into the moon, why is it said to be home? Perhaps it was because Su Shi was very yearning for Mingyue and had already regarded it as his home. From the perspective of Su Shi's thought, he was deeply influenced by Taoism, held an attitude of life outside the transcendent, and liked the Taoist art of health maintenance, so he often had the idea of being born and ascending the immortals. His "Former Chibi Fu" describes the ethereal feeling of the boating under the moon, saying: "Haohao is like Feng Fei Yufeng, but does not know what it stops; fluttering is like a relic of independence, feathering and ascending to immortality." "It is also from looking at the moon and thinking of Dengxian, which can be corroborated with this word. The reason why the writer has this fantasy of detaching from the human world and transcending nature comes from his curiosity about the mysteries of the universe on the one hand, and on the other hand, it is mainly from his dissatisfaction with the real world. There are so many unsatisfactory and unsatisfactory things in the human world that the writers are forced to fantasize about getting rid of this troublesome world and living a life of immortals in Qionglou Yuyu. Su Shi was later demoted to Huangzhou, and from time to time had similar fantasies, the so-called "small boat has passed away, and Jiang Hai has lived the rest of his life." However, in the words this is only a plan, and it is not unfolded, and it is interrupted by another contrary thought: "Afraid of Qionglou Yuyu, the high place is not cold." These two sentences took a sharp turn, and although the "Qionglou Yuyu" in the sky was magnificent and beautiful, it was cold and unbearable, and it was impossible to live for a long time. The writer deliberately finds out the shortcomings of the heavens to strengthen his determination to stay in the world. One positive and one negative, but also shows the lyricist's love for human life. At the same time, the Mid-Autumn Moon scene is still being written here, and readers can appreciate the beauty of the moon and the cold of the moonlight. This turn of the writing writer is both nostalgic for the human world and yearning for the ambivalence of the heavens. This contradiction can more profoundly explain the writer's thoughts and feelings of nostalgia for the world and love of life, showing the lyricist's broad heart and ultra-far-reaching ambitions, thus bringing a broad style to the word.
"Dancing to find out the shadow, how it seems to be in the human world!" After all, Su Shi loves life in the human world more, instead of flying to the cold Moon Palace, it is better to stay in the human world and dance in the moonlight! "Clear shadow" refers to his own clear figure under the moonlight. "Dancing to clarify the shadow" means to dance and play with your own shadow. Li Bai's "Drinking Alone Under the Moon" said: "I sing the moon and wander, and my dancing shadow is chaotic. Su Shi's "Dancing to Clarify the Shadow" was born from here. "Cold in the heights" is not the fundamental reason why the author does not want to return, "dancing to find out the shadow, how it seems to be in the human world" is the fundamental place. Instead of flying to the cold Moon Palace, it is better to stay in the human world, dance in the moonlight, and at least accompany your own shadow. This poem begins with fantasy in heaven, and here it returns to the love of human feelings. The psychological transition from "I want" to "fear" to "how to look" is opened, showing the ups and downs of Su Shi's emotions. He finally returned from his illusion to reality, and in the contradiction and entanglement between birth and accession to the WTO, the idea of joining the WTO finally prevailed. "What seems to be in the world" is an unquestionable affirmation, and the strength of the heroic pen shows the intensity of emotion.
The next piece of Huairen, that is, Kaneko Yu, is associated with the parting of the world from the full moon of the Mid-Autumn Festival, and at the same time remembers the impermanence of life. "Turn zhu ge, low Qi household, no sleep." Both turning and low refer to the movement of the moon, suggesting that the night is deep. The moonlight turned through the vermilion pavilion, low through the carved doors and windows, and shone on those in the room who had not been able to sleep for a long time. This refers to the deep affection of remembering his brother, and can also refer to all those who are unable to sleep during the Mid-Autumn Festival because they cannot be reunited with their relatives. "Sleepless" refers to those who feel sad because they cannot be reunited with their loved ones, so that they cannot sleep. What a shame that the moon is full and people cannot be round! So the writer unreasonably complained to Mingyue and said, "There should be no hatred, why should the long be round to the other time?" "Mingyue, you shouldn't have any resentment, why do you always come true when people are parting?" In contrast, the sorrow of leaving people is even heavier. This is to complain that Mingyue deliberately embarrassed people, adding sorrow to people, and the unreasonable tone further sets off the affectionate feelings of the lyricist who misses his brother, but implicitly expresses sympathy for the unfortunate people.
Then, the poet turned the pen sharp and said a word of relief to excuse the bright moon: "People have sorrows and joys, and the moon has clouds and sunshine. "People have sorrows and joys, and the moon also has clouds and sunshine. She has been covered by dark clouds, there are times when she has lost and crippled, and she has also had her regrets, since ancient times, it is difficult to have a perfect thing in the world. If so, why grieve over a temporary parting? After all, the writer was open-minded, and he immediately thought that the moon was also innocent. If so, why grieve over a temporary parting? These three sentences are highly summarized from people to the moon and from ancient times to the present. In terms of tone, it seems that Dai Mingyue answers the previous question; from the structure, it is pushed aside another layer, transitioning from the opposition between people and the moon to the fusion of people and the moon. To excuse the moon, in essence, it is to emphasize the view of personnel affairs, and at the same time pin hope on the future. Because when the moon is full, people also have a time to meet. Very philosophical.
At the end of the word, it says: "May people be long-lasting, and thousands of miles will be cherished together." ""Chan Juan" is a beautiful appearance, which here refers to Chang'e, that is, the representative of the moon." Gong Chan Juan "is the meaning of Gong Mingyue" and is allused to the Southern Dynasty Xie Zhuang's "Moon Endowment": "Thousands of miles apart, there is a bright moon." "Since parting in the human world is inevitable, as long as the relatives are alive for a long time, even if they are thousands of miles away, they can still connect the two places and communicate each other's hearts through the bright moon that illuminates the world." I hope that people will be long-lasting" is to break through the limitations of time; "thousands of miles together" is to break through the barrier of space. Let the common love for Mingyue unite those who are separated from each other. The ancients had a saying of "divine intercourse", friends are different from each other, can not meet, but can communicate with spirit. "Thousands of Miles Together" can also be said to be a kind of divine friendship! These two sentences are not ordinary masturbation and common encouragement, but show the author's attitude towards some major issues such as time, space and life, and fully show the richness and breadth of the lyricist's spiritual realm. Wang Bo has two poems: "Confidant in the sea, if the end of the world is nearby." "The meaning is profound, and it is passed down as a good sentence, which is similar to the "Thousand Miles together Chan Juan". In addition, Zhang Jiuling's "Looking at the Moon and Huaiyuan" said: "The sea is born with a bright moon, and the end of the world is at this time." Du Mu's "Qiu Ji Zhi Yuan" said: "Only the bright moon should be waited for, and the thousand miles should be the same as the jun." "They can all look at each other. I hope that people will be safe every year, and they can share this beautiful moonlight thousands of miles apart, expressing the author's blessings and thoughts of their loved ones, and showing the author's open attitude and optimistic spirit. Su Shi dissolves the poetry of his predecessors into his own works and casts them into a universal emotion. As stated in the preface to the word, this song expresses nostalgia for his younger brother Su Rui (字子由), but it is not limited to this. It can be said that this poem is Su Shi's good wishes to all those who have endured the pain of parting on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival.
This article is one of the masterpieces of Su Ci. From the perspective of artistic achievements, it is strangely conceived, unique, and extremely romantic, and it is always recognized as the best song in the Mid-Autumn Festival. In terms of performance, the first half of the word is written vertically and the second half is transverse. The upper piece is built from a high house, and the lower piece is turned around by the peak. The first half is a new version of the myths of the past dynasties, and it is also a development of the immortal poems of the Six Dynasties of Wei and Jin. The second half is purely painted in white, and the person and the moon are doubled. It's called deductive physics, but it's actually about human affairs. The pen is intricately looped and swaying. In terms of layout, the upper film rises in the air and seems to be virtual; the lower film is cascaded and returns to the virtual to the real. In the end, the virtual and the real are intertwined, and the knot is slowly concluded. The whole word is set up in a beautiful and majestic setting, with Wing Yue as the center, expressing the contradictions and confusions of You Xian's "return" and straight dance "human world", separation from desire and entry into the world, as well as open-mindedness, long-term optimism and good wishes in life, which is very philosophical and humane. The idea is lofty, the conception is novel, and the artistic conception is fresh and picturesque. In the end, it ends with broad feelings, which is a natural outpouring of the feelings of the lyricist. It is both emotional and victorious, the realm is magnificent, and it has high aesthetic value. This word is a good sentence throughout the text, which typically reflects the style of Su Ci Qing Xiong and Kuangda.
The author not only marks the "cosmic consciousness of the dusty world", but also abandons the "stunned in the face of the magical eternity" (Wen Yi commented on the phrase "Spring River Flower Moon Night"). He does not completely transcend the changes and developments of the natural world, but strives to seek the meaning of life from the laws of nature to "entertain himself". Therefore, although this song is basically a kind of autumn chant with a few feelings, it does not lack the rhyme of "touching spring" and attracting people.
For this "Water Tune Song Head" has always been highly respected. Hu Zai's "Yu Yin Cong Dialect of Cangxi" believes that this word is the best one written in the Mid-Autumn Festival. This song seems to be a dialogue with Mingyue, in which the meaning of life is discussed. It is both rational and interesting, and it is very intriguing. Thus the chanting has not faded for nine hundred years. Wu Qian's "Frost Heaven Dawn Horn": "And sing dongpo's "Water Tune", under the clear dew, full of snow." "The thirtieth time of "Water Margin" wrote that August 15 "can sing a song of the Mid-Autumn Festival to the moon", singing this "a Dongpo Bachelor's Mid-Autumn Festival "Water Tune Song"." It can be seen that the Song and Yuan dynasties were singing grandly. The whole word mood is bold and broad, the feelings are optimistic and broad, the yearning for the bright moon, the attachment to the world, and the romantic color, the dashing style and the language of the clouds and water, can still give people a healthy aesthetic enjoyment.
Creative background
This poem was composed in 1076 AD (the ninth year of emperor Shenzong of Song) when the author was in Mizhou. The small preface before the words explains the process of writing the words: "Mid-Autumn Festival, drinking and getting drunk." Write this article, and also by the child. Because Su Shi had different political views from Wang Anshi and other people in power, he asked for release and went to various places to become officials. He once asked to be transferred to a place closer to Su Rui as an official, in order to ask his brothers to gather more. In 1074 (the seventh year of Xi Ning), Su Shi sent to Mizhou. After arriving in Michigan, this wish was still not realized. In the Mid-Autumn Festival of 1076 AD, when the moon was empty and the silver glow was everywhere, the poet and his brother Su Rui had not been reunited for seven years after they were separated. At this moment, the lyricist faced a round of bright moon, and his heart fluctuated, so he took the wine and wrote down this famous poem with a stroke of his pen.
6. "Dreams follow the side of Fang Weng"
"Dreams follow the side of Fang Weng" - this sentence comes from Lu You's "Shi'er":
The dead Yuan knows that everything is empty, but the sorrow does not see Kyushu Tong.
I knew that after I died, I would have nothing, but I felt sad that I had not been able to see the unity of the country.
Yuanzhi: Originally knew. Yuan, through "original". originally.
Vantage: Nothing.
BUT: Just.
SAD: Sadness
Kyushu: This refers to China in the Song Dynasty. Ancient China was divided into Kyushu, so Kyushu was often used to refer to China.
Same: Unification.
Wang ShiBei ding Zhongyuan Day, family sacrifice (jì) did not forget to tell Nai Weng (wēng).
When the Song army regained the lost land of the Central Plains, don't forget to tell me when you hold a family sacrifice!
Wang Shi: Guide to the army of the Song court.
Beiding: Pacify the north.
Central Plains: Refers to the area north of the Huai River that was occupied by the Jin people.
Family Sacrifice: Sacrifice to the ancestors of the family.
Don't Forget: Don't forget.
Naiwon: Your father, lu you yourself.
This poem is another famous poem in Lu You's patriotic poems. Lu You devoted his life to the struggle against Jin and always hoped to regain the Central Plains. Despite frequent setbacks, it has not changed its original intention. From the poem, we can understand how persistent, deep, warm and sincere the poet's patriotic passion is! It also embodies the poet's lifelong thoughts, and the poet consistently holds the belief that the Han people at that time must restore the old things, and has the confidence that the cause of the war will be victorious. The title is "Shi'er", which is equivalent to a will. In a short space, the poet boldly exhorts his son, incomparably bright and exciting! A strong sense of patriotism jumped on the paper.
"Dead Yuanzhi All Things Empty", "YuanZhi", which is already known, is a common word; "All things empty" means that after death, everything can be carefree. But from the perspective of the poet's emotional flow, there is a more important side, "Yuan zhi everything is empty" seems ordinary, but as far as the whole poem is concerned, it is very important. It not only shows the poet's concept of life and death that is loved by life and death, and is fearless in death, but more importantly, it plays a strong counterpoint to the "but sad" below. The words "yuan" and "empty" are more powerful and powerful, reflecting the poet's mood of "not seeing Kyushu tong" and not being blind.
"But sorrow does not see Kyushu tong" describes the poet's sad state of mind. The poetic meaning of this sentence is that the poet confesses to his sons the state of mind of great sorrow that he cannot eliminate even in his death, that is, he deeply regrets not seeing the reunification of the motherland with his own eyes. The word "sadness" in this sentence is an eye, and the poet's sorrow before his death is not personal life and death, but his failure to see the unity of the motherland. Show that you are unwilling, because "you don't see Kyushu tong.". The word "sorrow" quotes from Wenmeng profoundly reflects the sadness and regret in the poet's heart.
"Wang Shi Bei Ding Zhongyuan Day", the poet expressed in a tone of eager expectation the belief of recovering the lost land. It shows that although the poet is distressed, he is not desperate. The poet firmly believes that one day the army of the Song Dynasty will be able to pacify the Central Plains and recover the lost land. With this sentence, the mood of the poem changes from grief to excitement.
"The family sacrifice has not forgotten to tell naiweng", the mood turned again, helplessly he could not see the day when the motherland was reunified, and had to pin his hopes on future generations. So he affectionately instructed his son not to forget to tell your father the good news of "Beiding Zhongyuan" during the family sacrifice. The poet's firm belief and tragic aspirations expressed fully embody the old and aging land travel patriotism and love for the country, and are infected by it and deepen the feelings of loving the motherland.
This poem uses twists and turns, and sincerely expresses the poet's complicated thoughts and emotions when he was dying, and his patriotic feelings of worrying about the country and the people, both the endless resentment against Jin Daye and the firm belief that the sacred cause will be accomplished. The whole poem has a sad component, but the tone is intense. The language of the poem is natural, without the slightest carving, it is all a natural expression of true feelings, but it is more beautiful and touching than the poems that are deliberately carved.
Creative background
This poem was written in 1210 AD (the third year of Ningzong Jiading), the eighty-five-year-old Lu Youyi fell ill, this poem is Lu You's last writing, both the poet's will and the poet's last call to resist the war. It expresses the poet's helplessness and hope for recovering the lost land.
It is also believed that this sentence comes from his "Lin'an Spring Rain First Rain":
Shi Wei has been thin as yarn for many years, who makes the horse rider Jinghua.
Nowadays, the state of affairs is faint like a layer of tulle, who let me come to Kyoto by horse as a guest and pollute the prosperity?
World: Human life, sociality.
Guest: Guest house.
Jinghua: The beauty of the capital, which refers to the capital City lin'an at that time.
XiaoLou listened to the spring rain one night, and the Ming Dynasty (zhāo) in the deep alley sold apricot blossoms.
After living in the small building and listening to the spring rain ticking all night, early tomorrow morning, someone in the deep alley will sell apricot blossoms.
Deep Alley: A long laneway.
Ming Dynasty: Tomorrow morning.
Low paper diagonally idle grass, clear window fine milk play tea.
Spread out a small piece of paper and calmly write cursive, boil water, tea, and skim by the window of the first light rain, and try on the famous tea.
Low paper: short paper, small paper.
Oblique row: A slanted row of rows.
Grass: Refers to cursive writing.
Sunny windows: Bright windows.
Fine milk: the best in tea.
Tea division: The method of sencha in the Song and Yuan dynasties. After filling the soup, stir the tea milk with a spoon to make the soup ripple into various shapes.
Plain clothes do not rise from the wind and dust sigh, just like qingming can go home.
Don't sigh that the dust of Kyoto will stain the white clothes, and it is time to return to the san'in by the mirror lake during the Qingming season.
Plain clothes: originally referred to white clothes, here used as a synonym. It is the poet's humble name for himself.
Wind and dust sigh: sigh because of wind and dust. It alludes to not having to worry about the bad atmosphere in Beijing polluting its own qualities.
If you hide the author's name and read this poem "Lin'an Spring Rain First Rain", you may think that it is not from the hand of Lu Fangweng of "Iron Horse Jinge" and "Qi Devouring Remnant". Although the poem has the spring color of apricot blossoms, it also implies the sentimental feeling of "the taste of the world is as thin as yarn" and the boredom of "idle grass" and "drama tea". This is very inconsistent with the majestic and tragic style characteristics of Lu You, who sings "For the National Wheel" and "Serves the Country with One Body".
Since Chunxi Five Years Emperor Xiaozong summoned Lu You, he has not been reused, but has only done two official duties in Fujian and Jiangxi to lift Changping Tea and Salt; after five years of his family, he is far away from the political circles, but he has a deeper understanding of the changes in the political arena and the coldness of the world. Therefore, the beginning of the poem uses a unique and easy-to-move metaphor, lamenting that the world's human condition is as thin as a translucent yarn. So the first link opened its mouth to say that the "taste of the world" is "thin", and asked "who made the horse rider Jinghua". Lu You was sixty-two years old at the time, not only had he been ups and downs for a long time, but he also had unpaid ambitions, and he also had all kinds of misfortunes in his personal life, and this old man with a bumpy fate sighed and said his inner feelings about the coldness of the world. This kind of lament may be indisputable in others, but for Lu You, who is "frozen in a lonely village and does not mourn himself, and Shang Si is a national ship", it seems unreasonable. He was enthroned in Beijing and was appointed as the Governor of Yan Prefecture. For Lu You, who has struggled unceasingly all his life and has always been determined to realize his ideal of serving the country, granting him the right to serve the country will actually arouse the question of "who" he is.
The jaw link points out "poetic eye", which is also a famous sentence of Lu You, and the language is fresh and timeless. The poet lived alone in the small building, listening to the spring rain all night; the next morning, the sound of selling apricot blossoms came from the deep alley, telling people that spring was deep. The gentle spring rain is written by the poet's hearing; and the faint spring light is revealed in the sound of selling flowers. Written graphically and profoundly. Legend has it that these two poems were later introduced into the palace and were deeply praised by Emperor Xiaozong, which shows that they were widely recited for a while. People who have always commented on this poem have thought that these two sentences are meticulous and appropriate, depicting a bright and vivid picture of spring light, but have not noticed that its role in the whole poem is not only to portray spring light, but to be integrated with the poetry before and after. In fact, "Xiaolou listened to the spring rain one night" is exactly what means that the spring rain is like a sad thought. When reading this poem, the word "one night" should not be lightly ignored, it is implied that the poet has not fallen asleep all night, and the sorrow of the state affairs has surged into the heart between the eyebrows with the sound of this rain. Li Shangyin's "Autumn yin does not disperse frost and fly late, leaving the dry lotus to listen to the sound of the rain", is to listen to the rain to secretly convey the love of friends. Lu You wrote here more implicitly, although he used more bright words, but the intention is still to express his depression and sorrow, and it is precisely with the bright spring light as the background that he and his lonely feelings constitute a sharp contrast.
The next neck link shows his mood. In this bright spring light, the poet can only do is "low paper oblique idle grass", Lu You is good at grass, from the existing Lu You handwriting, his grass is sparse and elegant. This sentence is actually a secret use of Zhang Zhi's allusion. It is said that Zhang Zhi is good at cursive writing, but usually writes in italics, and when asked why, he replied, "Hurry up and don't have time to cursive", which means that writing cursive is too time-consuming, so there is no effort to write. Land tourists live in Beijing, idle and bored, so they use cursive writing for recreation. Because it is the first light rain, it is said that the "clear window" and "fine milk play tea" here is to taste tea and play tea ceremony. Cursive writing without anything, sipping tea under the clear window, on the surface, is a very leisurely and idyllic realm, but behind this, there is a poet's infinite feelings and complaints. Lu You had always had the ambition to make a vigorous cause for the country, and the position of the prefect of Yanzhou was not in line with his suzhi, let alone see the emperor once, and he did not know how long he would have to wait in the guest house! The country is in an eventful autumn, and the poet is spending time with books and tea, which is really boring and sad! So I could no longer contain the resentment in my heart and wrote the last two sentences.
Although the tail link is not like the ancients complaining about "plain clothes into silk" (Jin Luji's "Gift for Gu Yan First": "Jingluo is windy and dusty, and plain clothes are turned into silk"), this link not only tells the pain of the wind and frost of the prison brigade, but also implies the evil in Beijing, and the meaning of living for a long time. The poet claims that Qingming is not far away, and should return home as soon as possible, rather than staying in Jiangnan, the so-called "paradise on earth". The poet was summoned to Beijing, but he only hurried past and then whisked his sleeve away. Lu You's intention here is actually self-deprecation.
Among Lu You's many famous poems, there are magnificent and fierce patriotic and worried works, such as "Guan Shan Yue" and "Autumn Night Will Dawn out of the Fence gate to greet the cool and have a feeling"; there are works that send dreams and express sorrow and sorrow, such as "The Wind and Rain masterpiece of the fourth day of November", these poems are either directly lyrical and painful, or they are written and inked vertically, touching the past and thinking about the present, all of which are majestic and magnificent works; the author also has beautiful and simple rural life descriptions, such as "Tour Shanxi Village"; there are also sad works that remember love and remember the happiness of the past, such as "Shen Yuan". And so on, which is very different from "Lin'an Spring Rain First Day". "Lin'an Spring Rain First Rain" has no loud singing, no sadness, no indignant poems, no sour tears, some are just the inexplicable depression of the colon and a faint sigh, "Don't be a taste in your heart."
The harsh reality forced him to make some dark conclusions about the imperial court to the emperor and to life and society. Unlike many of his dream poems, in the middle of the night, when everything is silent, the author has no real life scene in front of him, and he can fantasize about the distant starry sky and rainy night, and say whatever he wants. In the prosperous imperial capital, the author can't help himself. Although the spring in Lin'an City is bright, the bureaucrats are in a quiet corner, forgetting to avenge the country and whitewashing taiping. The author is always sober, he sees the numbness of the world, the dimness of the imperial court in the superficial weather and prosperity of the rising and peaceful weather, and thinks of his unpaid ambitions. But he could not sing, nor could he dream of love, so he had to borrow the color of spring to say sadness, and wrote spring into a merciless thing.
It can be said that "The First Rain of Spring in Lin'an" reflects another aspect of the author's inner world, and in addition to singing to serve the country on the battlefield, in the tent and under the night sky, the author occasionally has a time of wandering with sorrow. In "Book Outrage", which was made almost at the same time, the author shows a consistent pride in a completely different way. In a certain sense, "Book Anger" is the author's summary of his tragic life. "In his early years, he knew that the world was difficult", but he finally had the courage to say "a thousand years who can be a bo zhongjian", leaving his life to the judgment of history. The comparison of "The First Rain of Spring rain in Lin'an" and "Book Anger" can show the repetition of a short period of the poet's emotional thoughts. After all, Lu You is Lu You, and he will not stay on top of "idle" and "drama" forever. Soon after, during his tenure in YanZhou, he still insisted on resisting jin, and put it into action, expressing it in poetry, and finally he was deposed for the crime of "mocking the wind and moon". His gentle "apricot blossom spring rain", in the "November 4th Wind and Rain Masterpiece", developed into a storm of "Iron Horse Glacier Into Dreams".
The character of a poet is complex, and a martyr who is always strong and indomitable and unswerving is inevitably depressed from time to time. This depression does not contradict its magnanimity and tragedy. Only when his depression was so miserable that there was an eruption of stronger feelings. At the beginning of the poem, it is said that "the taste of the world is as thin as a yarn", which is the author's denial of reality, and also reflects the author's integrity. The end of the poem whisks away the sleeve, which is also the poet's disdain for the flashy emperor. Therefore, through the surface of the original poem, you can still faintly see a mighty and indomitable image, and this image is the author's true consistency.
Creative background
In the spring of 1186 (the thirteenth year of Chunxi), the author was ordered to enter Beijing, accept the post of Zhizhou of Yanzhou, and before taking office, he first went to Lin'an (present-day Hangzhou, Zhejiang) to meet the emperor, stayed in an inn by the West Lake to listen to the summons, and wrote this popular poem in a state of boredom.
VII. "Even if I don't have the same talent as Jiaxuan, we have the responsibility to pick the lamp and look at the sword."
"Even if there is no JiaXuan's general talent, we have the responsibility to pick the lamp and look at the sword" - this sentence comes from Xin Zhiyi's "Broken Formation." Give Chen Tongfu a strong word to send it:
Drunkenly picked (tiǎo) lights to see the sword, dream back to blow the horn company camp. Eight hundred miles of fen (huī) under the scorching (zhì), fifty strings (xián) to plug the outer sound, the battlefield autumn point soldiers.
In his drunken dream, he lit an oil lamp to watch the sword, and in a trance, he returned to the old days, and the trumpets sounded continuously in various military camps. Drink and food are distributed to the subordinates, and the instruments are played with majestic military music to boost morale. It was the autumn parade on the battlefield.
Drunk: Drunk.
Pick a light: Turn the light and light it.
Look at the sword: Look at the sword. The image of preparing to go to war to kill the enemy. It shows that the author did not forget to resist the enemy even when he was drunk.
Eight hundred miles: refers to cattle, here refers to wine and food. "ShiShu Xinyu Ji Luxury" chapter: "Wang Junfu (Kai) has an ox, the name is eight hundred miles, and his hooves are often ying. Wang Wuzi (Ji) said to Junfu: "I am not as good as Qing, and now I mean betting on Qing Niu, with tens of millions of pairs." Since Junfu was quick and said that junwu had no reason to kill, he was able to shoot first. Takeko broke down together, but according to hu bed, he said: 'Quickly explore the heart of the cow!' 'When the whiskers burn, they go away.' Han Yu's "Yuan he Shengde Poem": "Ten thousand cattle are hot, and ten thousand urns are wine." Su Shi's poem "About Gong Chooses to Drink is the Wind of the Day": "Be eight hundred miles away from the Gong Gong, and wash away the acid of Confucianism with arrogance." The "Miscellaneous Mockery" article under the volume of the "Yunfu Youyi" contains Li Rixin's poem "Title Xian'e Yi": "Shangshan Restaurant Dayou, Chen Yu (yàng) 䭔 (duī) 饠古䭃 (rěn) head." There is also Taichung beef hot, and the plate is still several purple light. ”
KEY: Military flag.
Subordinate: Refers to subordinates.
Fifty Strings: This refers to the ser, generally referring to the instrument. FLIP: Play. Plug out of the voice: refers to the tragic and rough military music. Battlefield: Battlefield: Review the army.
Ma Zuo's (dì) Lu (lú) is fast, and the bow is like a thunderbolt (pī) thunderbolt (lì) string. (liǎo) but the king of the world, won the posthumous name. Poor white happens!
The war horses ran as fast as the Lu horses, and the bows and arrows were as deafening as thunder. I was bent on completing the great cause of recovering the lost land of the country for the monarch and gaining a good name that had been passed down from generation to generation. When I woke up in a dream, it was a pity that I was already a white-haired person!
Lu of the horse is fast: The war horse runs as fast as the Lu horse; the work, like... Same; Of Lou, the horse name. A fast horse with white spots on its forehead. Legend has it that Liu Bei once rode a luma from the Water of Tanxi River west of Xiangyang City to get out of danger. Do: Like, such as.
Thunderbolt: A particularly loud thunder, metaphorical to the bow string when the bow is drawn, it sounds like thunder.
Closed, done.
Tianxia Affairs: This refers to the restoration of the Central Plains.
Win: Bode.
Behind: After death.
Pathetic: A pity.
In terms of meaning, the whole word can be divided into two parts, the first three sentences are a paragraph, which very vividly depicts the image of a general who is full of liver and gallbladder, loyal to one and brave, and bravely moving forward, thus showing the great ambition of the lyricist. The last three sentences are a paragraph, with a deep sigh, expressing the sad indignation of "ambition is difficult to reward".
The first sentence uses three consecutive, characteristic actions to create the image of a hero, allowing the reader to experience the inner activities of the characters from those actions, to imagine the environment in which the characters are located, which means endlessly.
The action of "picking up the lights" points out the late-night scene again. In the middle of the night, it was quiet and unable to sleep, so I had to eat and drink alone. After eating "drunk", he still could not calm down, so he followed it with "picking the lamp" and then "looking at the sword". After finally falling asleep, everything I thought was a dream. When the hero woke up from a good dream, the sky was broken, and one military camp after another sounded a trumpet. The sound of this trumpet is full of the power to urge people to move forward. And that strong man also happened to be the general who commanded these military camps. So he jumped up, fully clothed, to turn everything he thought "drunk" and "dreamed" into reality.
The second and third sentences prominently show the majestic military appearance and the high fighting spirit of the generals and soldiers. "Eight hundred miles under the command, fifty strings overturned the outside sound": the soldiers rejoiced, feasting on the roast beef distributed by the general; the army played an uplifting battle song. The general was full of vigor and vigor, "the battlefield autumn point soldiers". The word "autumn" is well under. Just when the "autumn is high and strong", the "point soldiers" go out to march, indicating the prospect of invincibility.
After the "Autumn Soldiers on the Battlefield", the atmosphere was majestic, straight through the back film "Lu made of horses is fast, and the bow is like a thunderbolt string": the general leads the iron horse, the horse is fast and whipped, and the god rushes to the front line, the bow string thunders, and ten thousand arrows are fired in unison. It was as if several successive pictures had appeared: the enemy had fallen one after another; the remnants of the army had been defeated and retreated; the general had taken the lead in pursuing and killing the soldiers, and the battle was over in an instant; the triumphant song was played, the sky was rejoicing, and the flag was unfurled. However, at the end of the word, the author let out a long sigh: "Poor white happens!" "Falling violently from the peak of affection. It turned out that the magnificent and grand military appearance, the battle of the Prancing Horse, and the brilliant victory, the merits of a thousand autumns, but they were all dreams. This situation is indeed "sad". Yet no one "pitied" him. Therefore, he wrote this "strong word" and sent it to Chen Tongfu, who was also in a "pitiful" situation.
From the perspective of the whole word, the grandeur and sadness, the ideal and the reality, form a strong contrast. The author can only pick up the lamp and look at the sword in the drunk, gallop to kill the enemy in the dream, and sigh when he wakes up. This is a personal tragedy, but also a national tragedy. And the author's loyalty and indignation, whether in wakefulness or drunkenness, can not be forgotten in dreams, is a vivid embodiment of his high and deep patriotism and dedication.
This song is also a bit noteworthy in terms of layout. The phrase "drunkenly pick a lamp and look at the sword" suddenly began, followed by the dream of smelling the horns, dividing the camps, pointing troops on the battlefield, defeating the enemy, like a falcon protruding and soaring in the air. And when soaring in the sky, it fell sharply, issuing a sigh of "poor white happening", so that the reader could not help but shed tears of pity for the author's ambition. This kind of abrupt decline, but also abrupt writing, if used well, is often gripping because of its surprises, resulting in a strong artistic effect. Such a structure is not only rare in song poetry, but also rare in ancient poetry. This artistic technique also shows Xin Ci's bold style and his original spirit. However, Xin's use of such artistic techniques is not deliberately to show off his skills and pursue novelty, and this expression method is closely combined with his life feelings and political encounters. Because his great ambition to recover was difficult to achieve, and his heart was full of feelings, he naturally broke the formal conventions, which was by no means something that a writer who generally paid attention to only literary forms could do.
The song is a bit noteworthy in terms of tone. There are two six-character sentences in each of the upper and lower pieces of "Broken Line", both of which are equal to each other, that is, the first sentence is "仄仄平平仄仄仄" and the next sentence is "平平仄仄平平", which constitutes a harmonious and soothing syllable. There are two seven-character sentences in each of the upper and lower pieces, but they are not equal to each other, but the servants are equal to each other, and the servants are equal to the two, which constitutes an angry and agitated syllable. Harmony and anger, soothing and agitation, form a unity of contradictions. The author makes good use of this contradictory and unified tone, appropriately expresses the complex psychological changes of the lyrical protagonist and the transformation of many scenes such as the preparation of the battle, the progress of the battle, and the victory of the battle in the dream, and receives the artistic effect of painting and coloring and sounding.
Li Bai has a poem called "Yue Zhong Lan Gu". The poem reads: "The King of Yue broke Wu Gui, and the warriors returned home to wear gold clothes." The palace maids are like flowers in the spring hall, only now there are partridges flying! In this seven-word poem, there are three sentences that write about the strength of the Yue King, and the last sentence points out the decline of the Yue Kingdom, although the feelings expressed are obviously different, but there are similarities in the layout of the plot, which can be seen.
Appreciation TWO
According to the spectral formula, "Broken Line" is composed of two "pieces" with exactly the same syntax, flatness, and rhyme foot. The beginning of the back film is called "over-the-film", and the general way of writing is: both to have a connection with the previous film and to "change the meaning", thus showing that this is another paragraph, forming the realm of "ridge breaking clouds". Xin abandons the disease, but often breaks through this limitation, "Yu Meiren." The twelve brothers of Bemoga are like this, and so is this song "Broken Line". After the "Autumn Soldiers on the Battlefield", the atmosphere was majestic, straight through the back film "Lu made of horses is fast, and the bow is like a thunderbolt string": the general leads the iron horse, the horse is fast and whipped, and the god rushes to the front line, the bow string thunders, and ten thousand arrows are fired in unison. Although no more descriptions were made, from the galloping of the "Luma" and the loud sound of the "thunderbolt strings", it seemed to see several continuous pictures: the enemy fell from his horse one after another; the remnants of the army were defeated and retreated; the general took the lead in the pursuit and killing, and ended the battle in a flash; the triumphant song was played, the sky was joyful, and the flag was unfurled.
It's a counterattack. The general was patriotic, but he also pursued fame. Won a battle, achieved fame, not only "but the king of the world", but also "won the name of the posthumous", wouldn't it be magnificent! If that's the end of it, it's really enough to be a "strong word". However, in that era when the capitulationists controlled the government, there was no condition for a real "strong word", and what was written above was nothing more than the ideal that the lyricist diligently sought. The writer unfolded his rich imagination, transformed into the general in the word, just climbed to the peak of the ideal, suddenly fell back to the cold reality, and sighed bitterly: "Poor white happened!" "White hair has been born, and the ideal of recovering the lost land has become a bubble." Thinking that he has a lofty ambition, and "serving the country and dying without a battlefield" (borrowing the poem of Lu You's "Longtou Shui"), he can only eat wine on sleepless nights, can only "pick a lamp and look at the sword in the drunk", and can only rush to the battlefield in "dreams" and be happy for a while. ...... This situation is indeed "sad". But who "pitied" him? Therefore, he wrote this "strong word" and sent it to Chen Tongfu, who was also in a "pitiful" situation.
Tongfu is Chen Liang's word. The scholar is called Mr. Long Chuan. For the talent of the heroic, the discussion is long. He claimed to be able to "overthrow the wisdom and courage of a lifetime and open up the heart of eternity." He successively wrote the "Five Treatises on Zhongxing" and the "Book of Emperor Xiaozong of Shangxiaozong", actively advocating the War of Resistance, and thus was attacked by the capitulationists. In the winter of the fifteenth year of Song Xiaozong Chunxi,he went to Shangrao to visit Xin and abandon his illness and stayed for ten days. After The Farewell Xin abandoned the disease and wrote the words "Yu Meiren" to send him, he made a song; later he sang the same word card repeatedly. This "Broken Line" was also written around this time.
In terms of meaning, the first nine sentences are a paragraph, which very vividly depicts the image of a general who is full of liver and guts, loyal and courageous, thus showing the great ambition of the lyricist. The last sentence is a paragraph, with a deep sigh, expressing the sad indignation of "ambition is difficult to reward". Strong and tragic, ideal and reality, form a strong contrast. From this contrast, we can think of the corruption and incompetence of the southern Song Dynasty court at that time, the people's fierce waters, and the bitterness of all patriots who have no way to serve the country. It can be seen that extremely bold words can also be written extremely implicitly, but they are different from the subtleties of the euphemistic school.
The song is a bit noteworthy in terms of tone. There are two six-character sentences in each of the upper and lower pieces of "Broken Line", both of which are equal to each other, that is, the first sentence is "仄仄平平仄仄仄" and the next sentence is "平平仄仄平平", which constitutes a harmonious and soothing syllable. There are two seven-character sentences in each of the upper and lower pieces, but they are not equal to each other, but the servants are equal to each other, and the servants are equal to the two, which constitutes an angry and agitated syllable. Harmony and anger, soothing and agitation, form a unity of contradictions. The author makes good use of this contradictory and unified tone, appropriately expresses the complex psychological changes of the lyrical protagonist and the transformation of many scenes such as the preparation of the battle, the progress of the battle, and the victory of the battle in the dream, and receives the artistic effect of painting and coloring and sounding.
This song is also a bit noteworthy in terms of layout. The phrase "drunkenly pick a lamp and look at the sword" suddenly began, followed by the dream of smelling the horns, dividing the camps, pointing troops on the battlefield, defeating the enemy, like a falcon protruding and soaring in the air. And when soaring in the sky, it fell sharply, issuing a sigh of "poor white happening", so that the reader could not help but shed tears of pity for the author's ambition. This kind of abrupt decline, but also abrupt writing, if used well, is often gripping because of its surprise, resulting in a strong artistic effect.
Li Bai has a poem called "Yue Zhong Lan Gu". The poem reads: "The King of Yue broke Wu Gui, and the warriors returned home to wear gold clothes." The palace maid is full of flowers in the spring hall, only now there are partridges flying! In this seven-word poem, there are three sentences that write about the strength of the Yue King, and the last sentence points out the decline of the Yue Kingdom, although the feelings expressed are obviously different, but there are similarities in the layout of the plot, which can be seen.
The word was composed when the author was frustrated and idle in Shinshu, without the pain of the battlefield conquest of the predecessors, but with the enthusiasm of the battlefield conquest. By creating a majestic artistic conception, the words express the grand ambition of killing the enemy and serving the country, restoring the mountains and rivers of the motherland, and establishing a meritorious name. The concluding sentence expresses the sadness and indignation of ambition.
In the upper part of the word, the writer is idle in the center of the house and is depressed, and can only borrow wine to pour sorrow; however, even when he is drunk in the middle of the night, he lights up again and again, and for a long time looks at the sword that has accompanied him in battle and kills the enemy, eager to focus on the front line and swing the northern expedition. The author enters the dream with such longing and longing. In a trance, he felt that dawn had reached dawn, and a loud and majestic trumpet sounded in the continuous barracks. He treated the soldiers with large chunks of roast beef and let them share them; the military band played high-pitched and agitated border plug battle songs to help excite the mighty. On the battlefield of autumn wind hunting, he inspected all kinds of soldiers and horses and prepared to go out.
The next piece of the word is followed by a description of the heroic battle and the victorious ending: the soldiers galloped on horseback, as fast as "Lu", the wind was galloping; the strong bow and arrow were fired in unison, sounding like a "thunderbolt", thrilling. The enemy collapsed and failed utterly. He led his soldiers to finally complete the great cause of recovering the Central Plains and unifying the motherland, and won the immortal name after his death. At this point, we see the image of a loyal and courageous general with high spirits and great ambitions, who is "an iron horse and swallows like a tiger"! However, at the end of the word, the author let out a long sigh: "Poor white happens!" "Falling violently from the peak of affection. It turned out that the magnificent and grand military appearance, the battle of the Prancing Horse, and the brilliant victory, the merits of a thousand autumns, but they were all dreams. In fact, under the suppression of the ruling clique of Gou An's traitor, the author has no way to serve the country, and the years are wasted. "Poor white happens" contains how much indescribable depression, anxiety, pain and anger! The tone of this song is majestic and high, and it really deserves to be called a "strong word". The tragic lowness of the concluding sentence is in stark contrast to this. It is even more emotional and thought-provoking. The structure of the word is also different from that of the general word composition, the semantics of the upper and lower pieces are coherent, and the pieces are not divided, until the last sentence suddenly has a sudden setback, which reads with ups and downs and ups and downs, which is actually a typical work of Xin Renjie's "depression and frustration".
From the perspective of the whole word, the grandeur and sadness, the ideal and the reality, form a strong contrast. The author can only pick up the lamp and look at the sword in the drunk, gallop to kill the enemy in the dream, and sigh when he wakes up. This is a personal tragedy, but also a national tragedy. And the author's loyalty and indignation, whether in wakefulness or drunkenness, can not be forgotten in dreams, is a vivid embodiment of his high and deep patriotism and dedication. ▲
Appreciation THREE
This is a poem sent by Xin Zhiyi to his friend Chen Liang (Chen Tongfu), which recalls the situation in which he led the rebel army against the Jin soldiers together with Geng Jing in Shandong, depicted the majestic appearance of the rebel army and the scene of heroic fighting, and also showed the author's sad and indignant mood that he could not realize the ideal of recovering the Central Plains.
The above film writes the mighty majesty of the military appearance. The first two sentences write that after he drank, he was full of excitement, turned on the lamp, pulled out the sword he was wearing, and carefully caressed it. When he woke up from a sleep, he heard the sound of trumpets in the barracks in all directions. "Horn", the musical instrument of the ancient army, like today's military trumpet, has bamboo, copper, horn and other products. Three, four, and five sentences write that many rebels were given roast beef, and the band played a tragic and desolate military song on the side, and on the autumn battlefield, reviewed the heavily armed and ready troops. In ancient times, there was a kind of cattle named "Eight Hundred Mile Barge". "Eight hundred miles", here refers to cattle. "Subordinate", that is, subordinate. "Scorched", in this case, refers to roasted beef. The ancient one had fifty strings, and the "fifty strings" here refer to various military instruments.
The first two sentences of the next film write that the rebels gallop forward and heroically kill the enemy when fighting; the bowstring makes a thunderous sound. "To do", with the word "as" below, is a meaning. "Lu", a fierce fast horse in ancient times. In the Three Kingdoms period, there is such a story: Liu Bei led his troops to garrison Fancheng (樊城, in present-day Xiangfan, Hubei Province), and Liu Biao did not trust him, and invited him to a banquet, hoping to arrest him at the banquet. When Liu Bei discovered this conspiracy, he escaped from the banquet. Cai Mao went to chase him, and the horse he was riding on at the time was named Lu. When he rode across the water of the Western Tan Creek in Xiangyang City, Lu drowned in the water and could not walk out. Liu Bei said very anxiously: "Lu, today's life is in danger, oh, we should work hard!" "So Luma leapt three leaps and three feet, crossed the stream, and turned the crisis into safety." The horse made of Lu" means that the horses ridden by the warriors are as good as the Lu horses. "But the king of the world" refers to the completion of the great cause of restoring the Central Plains. The phrase "win the name of the living and the posthumous" says: I want to win the name of life and death. That is to say, in this life, he will establish a meritorious career for the anti-Jin restoration. This shows the author's energetic and positive thoughts. The last sentence, "Poor whiteness happens", means that it is a pity that the name is not done, the hair is white, and the people are old. This reflects the contradiction between the author's ideal and reality.
The song is imposing, full of inspirational ambition and pride, and can represent the author's bold style. ▲
Feelings
The dream is written freely, pushing the patriotic heart, the idea of loyalty to the king and the pride and ambition between them to the peak. The concluding sentence fell suddenly, and in the strong contrast between the dream and reality, it vented a sense of sadness and indignation that was difficult to reward.
Although there is no pain of the battlefield conquest of predecessors, there is the fierceness of the battlefield conquest. The concluding sentence expresses the sad and indignant mood of ambition and difficult reward, and reflects the author's ambition is difficult to reward and the feelings of resentment in his heart.
The whole poem expresses the author's thoughts and feelings that want to kill the enemy and serve the country, but have made meritorious achievements but are old and old.
Creative background
This poem was written when the author was frustrated and idle in Xinzhou (present-day Shangrao, Jiangxi). At the age of twenty-one, Xin participated in the anti-Jin uprising in his hometown of Licheng (present-day Jinan, Shandong). After the failure of the uprising, he returned to the Southern Song Dynasty and served as a governor of many places. He stabilized the people's livelihood, trained the army, and vigorously advocated the recovery of the Central Plains, but was ostracized and attacked. Later, he was not appointed for a long time and lived idly for nearly twenty years. In the winter of the fifteenth year (1188) of Emperor Xiaozong of Song,Xin and Chen Liang met at The Lady Spring of Lead Mountain, the second "Meeting of Goose Lake". Chen Liang was heroic and talented, and the discussion was extensive. He claimed to be able to "overthrow the wisdom and courage of a lifetime and open up the heart of eternity." He successively wrote the "Five Treatises on Zhongxing" and the "Book of Emperor Xiaozong of Shangxiaozong", actively advocating the War of Resistance, and thus was attacked by the capitulationists. This time, he went to Lead Mountain to visit Xin and abandon the disease, staying for ten days. After the farewell, Xin Abandoned Disease wrote the words "He Groom and Sent the Wine Long Pavilion To Him", and he and he sang one; later, he repeatedly sang the same word card. This song "Broken Line" was also probably written during this period.
Volume 118 of the Shiyu of the Past Dynasties quotes the Ancient and Modern Words: "Chen Liang passed through Jiaxuan and talked about the affairs of the world. Liang Ye Si You An Su was serious, afraid of being jealous, and stole his stable horse to go. You'an gave the word "Broken Line" to send it. ”▲
VIII. "Chang'an is a month, and ten thousand households are pounding clothes." The autumn wind blows endlessly, always jade care"
"Chang'an is a month, and ten thousand households are pounding clothes." The autumn wind blows endlessly, and it is always jade. ——From Li Bai's "Midnight Wu Ge Autumn Song":
Chang'an a piece of moon, ten thousand households pounding (dǎo) clothes sound.
The autumn moon was bright in Chang'an City, and the sound of clothes being pounded was heard from every household.
A Moon: A bright moonlight.
10,000 households: 1,000 households.
Mashing: Put the cloth on the stone anvil and pound it with a mallet to make the cloth soft for tailoring; put the dirty clothes that have been washed for the first time on the stone slab and pound, remove the muddy water, and then wash it.
The autumn wind blows endlessly, and it is always jade.
The anvil cannot be blown by the autumn wind, and the sound is always related to Yuguan's relatives.
Blow inexhaustible: Blowing does not disperse.
Yuguan: Yumen Pass, formerly located in the northwest of present-day Dunhuang County, Gansu Province, refers to the land where liangren shubian.
He Riping Hu Yu (lǔ), a good man strikes the expedition.
When the border war can be quelled, the husband can end the long journey.
Pinghufu: Pacify enemies that invade the border.
Liangren: The ancient woman's name for her husband.
FAST: It's over.
The whole poem writes about the wife of the husband, Autumn Night, who thinks of the good man who went on an expedition to the frontier, hoping to end the war as soon as possible and her husband to avoid leaving home for the expedition. Although I did not write about love directly, my words were permeated with sincere affection; although I did not talk about the current situation, I did not leave the current situation. The emotions are not separated from the charm of the poems.
The moon-colored capital city is calm on the surface, but the sound of pounding clothes contains the pain of thousands of families; the autumn wind is endless, and it also carries the deep affection for the thoughts of the border pass. It's a thrilling read. The closing sentence is the expectation of the bridesmaid, and it is also the voice of the recruiter.
The opening four sentences of the scene blend and blend into nature, and are praised by Wang Fuzhi as "good sentences generated between heaven and earth" ("Tang Poetry Selection"). Cool autumn night, the moon is shining, the anvil is gusting, and the cold wind is a wonderful picture full of autumn. However, "All scenery is love language" (Wang Guowei's "Human Words"), the first three sentences are divided into autumn moon, autumn sound and autumn wind, from visual to auditory to tactile, are paving the way for the "love" of the fourth sentence: moonlight is the medium that triggers lovesickness; the sound of clothes pounding shows that women are preparing for the preparation of clothes for their relatives in Shubian (in ancient times, the cloth must be pounded before cutting clothes), which itself contains deep concerns and longing feelings; and the autumn wind is the easiest to arouse people's feelings and sorrows.
For those who have suffered from parting, it is unbearable to have one of these three, let alone all of them gathered together? What's more, on the night of the white moon and clear wind, the entire Chang'an City resounded with the heartbreaking sound of "ten thousand households" pounding clothes! At such a moment, who can not be infected by this bleak and warm atmosphere? "Always jade care", a word to conclude, the strength of a thousand jun.
Affectionate and titled "Jade Pass", reminiscent of distant side plugs, yi feel the depth of this love; the beginning of the sentence is "always", which includes what is seen, heard and felt by the skin in the first three sentences, and strives to highlight this feeling between heaven and earth, everywhere. At this point in the poem, the whole atmosphere has been rendered enough, and the author has a big stroke of the pen: "He Riping Hu Yu, the good man strikes the expedition?" "Looking forward to the early end of the war and yearning for a peaceful and stable life is both the poet's wish and the voice of the conscripts. With this stroke, it not only makes the main theme of the whole poem more profound, but also makes the "jade love" more and more intense.
Creative background
This poem is the third in the "Song of the Four Hours of midnight", and Li Bai is a new word created using the old theme of Lefu, and the specific time of creation is unknown.