At about 8:10 a.m. on April 17, a chemical gas leakage accident occurred at Yuyao Jihong Surface Treatment Co., Ltd., No. 1 Canghai Road, Linshan Town, Yuyao, Zhejiang. After the accident, the Yuyao Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government organized emergency management, public security, fire protection, ecological environment and other departments and territories to go to the scene at the first time to direct the rescue and disposal work and carry out aftercare. At present, 3 injured people have died due to ineffective rescue, and 3 wounded people are in full rescue. The investigation and evaluation of the specific causes and circumstances of the accident is under way.
In our production life
It is possible to encounter toxic gas leakage
Probably the gas in your home
It could also be dangerous chemicals leaking from factory warehouses
What should I do if I have a toxic gas leak?
Be sure to remember two words: Run!
How to escape? Where to escape?
Let's learn together
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Chemical liquid leakage characteristics and hazards
1. Suddenness. It usually occurs suddenly, and it is impossible to predict when and where the leak will occur.
2. The degree of harm is large. There are many kinds of chemicals, and the characteristics of the damage caused to the human body by different chemical leakage are very different.
Chlorine, ammonia and other irritating gases, leakage can cause contacts to develop tears, severe cough, breathing difficulties and other symptoms;
Aminonitro compounds of hydrogen sulfide and benzene are asphyxia chemicals, and leakage can cause acute hypoxia symptoms such as dizziness, headache, and varying degrees of impaired consciousness in the victim.
What should I do if I have a sudden chemical spill?
1. Ordinary people: they should quickly leave the spill site with the purpose of stopping the intrusion of harmful chemicals into the body. The usual way is to evacuate to the crosswind direction first, leave the central area of pollution and retreat to the upward wind zone.
2. Pedestrians, private cars: Chemical transport vehicles should pay attention to and keep a distance from them. If a chemical transport vehicle is involved in a traffic accident, chemicals are scattered, etc., it should leave the scene as soon as possible, and if a gas leak occurs, it should be evacuated to the crosswind direction, upwind direction or high place.
Special reminder: Once a chemical spill occurs, the crowd in the surrounding area must not watch!
How to protect in daily life?
1. Understand the hazard knowledge of chemicals, memorize the logo of chemical transport vehicles, and stay away from harmful substances.
2. Neighboring with chemical plants, learn to observe whether there are signs of leakage: smell abnormal odors in the air; have symptoms of respiratory discomfort such as cough and sore throat.
3. When chemical leakage is found, it is necessary to control the source of the fire, do not use lighters, gas stoves, etc., and find ways to evacuate the upwind direction, crosswind direction and high places as soon as possible.
Hydrogen (H₂)
Flammable and explosive gases
Once a large leakage occurs, the personnel in the leak-contaminated area should be quickly evacuated to the upper hand, and immediately isolated and strictly restricted entry. Evacuate unrelated personnel and establish alert areas. Cut off the source of fire, cut off the leaking gas source as much as possible, open all doors and windows, let it ventilate naturally, and accelerate the diffusion. If possible, the leaking gas is sent to an open place with an exhaust fan or burned with appropriate sprinklers.
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Flammable, explosive and highly toxic gases
Regional personnel quickly evacuated the leaked contaminated area to the upper wind without carbon monoxide. Smoking is prohibited near the spill area and all open flames, sparks or flames are eliminated. Cut off the power supply, prohibit direct impact of water on spills or leak sources, spray water to suppress or change the flow of steam clouds, extraction (indoors) or strong ventilation (outdoors). Prevent spills from entering water bodies, sewers, basements or confined spaces. If possible, the leaking gas is sent to an open place with an exhaust fan or burned with appropriate sprinklers. It can also be directed to the furnace and incinerated in a concave way. The leak container can no longer be used and is subject to technical treatment to eliminate possible remaining gases. Do not touch or cross the spill. All equipment should be grounded at the time of operation. Develop a feasible leak plugging program to plug the leak while ensuring safety.
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
Flammable, explosive and toxic gases
Quickly evacuate personnel from the spilled contaminated area to the upper wind and isolate until the gas is exhausted. Cut off the source of fire, reasonable ventilation, cut off the gas source, dilute and dissolve the spray-like water, and pay attention to the collection and treatment of wastewater. Extraction (indoors) or strong ventilation (outdoors). If possible, residual or leaky gases are sent by an exhaust fan to the wash tower or to a fume hood connected to the tower or through an aqueous iron trichloride solution, and the line is installed with a stop device to prevent the solution from being back-sucked.
Natural gas (biogas)
Flammable and explosive gases
Quickly evacuate the personnel in the spilled and polluted area to the upper hand, and isolate and strictly restrict access. Cut off the source of fire, cut off the source of leakage as much as possible, reasonable ventilation, and accelerate diffusion. Prevent spills from entering restricted spaces (such as waterways, etc.) to avoid explosions. If possible, the leaking gas is sent to an open place with an explosion-proof exhaust fan or burned with appropriate sprinklers.
Acrylic (C3H6)
Flammable and explosive gases
Quickly evacuate personnel from the spilled contaminated area to the upper wind and isolate until the gas is exhausted. Eliminate all ignition sources (no smoking near the spill area, eliminate all open flames, sparks or flames). Control leakage and cut off the air supply. Dilute and dissolve with spray-like water. Prevent spills from spreading through sewers, ventilation systems and confined spaces. If possible, the leaking gas is sent to an open place with an exhaust fan or burned with appropriate sprinklers.
Acetylene (C2H2)
Flammable and explosive gases
The area personnel immediately evacuated the leakage area to the upper wind area, evacuated unrelated personnel and established a warning area, cut off the source of the leakage, and plugged the leakage under the condition of ensuring safety, but gold, silver and copper tools were not used. Eliminate all ignition sources (no smoking near the spill area, eliminate all open flames, sparks or flames). Prevent spills from entering water bodies, sewers, basements or confined spaces. Contact with and crossing of sinks is prohibited. Use spray-like water to suppress the vapor or change the steam flow direction.
Ethylene Oxide (C2H4O)
Flammable and explosive gases
Quickly evacuate the personnel in the spilled contaminated area to the upper hand and isolate immediately. Cut off the source of the leak as much as possible, and cover the sewer near the leak point with an industrial overlay or adsorption/absorbent to prevent gas from entering. Rational ventilation and strengthen diffusion. Dilute and dissolve with spray-like water. Construct embankments or dig pits to contain large amounts of wastewater generated. If possible, the leaking gas is sent to an open place with an exhaust fan or burned with appropriate sprinklers. The air leakage container should be properly handled, repaired, and inspected before use.
liquefied petroleum gas
Flammable and explosive gases
Quickly evacuate the personnel in the spilled and polluted area to the upper hand and establish a warning area. Eliminate all ignition sources (no smoking near the spill area, eliminate all open flames, sparks or flames). Control leakage and cut off the air supply. Spray-like water inhibits or changes the direction of steam flow. Leaky containers (cylinders) are plugged or overturned to avoid liquid leakage while it is safe. Prevent spills from spreading through sewers, ventilation systems and confined spaces. Contact with and crossing of spills is prohibited. Dilute with spray-like water. If possible, the leaking gas is sent to an open place with an exhaust fan or burned with appropriate sprinklers.
Hydrogen chloride (HCL)
There is a strong corrosive gas after encountering water
Quickly evacuate the personnel in the spilled and polluted area to the upper hand, and immediately isolate and strictly restrict access. Wear anti-poison (chemical) clothing. Enter the scene from the upwind direction. Take steps to cut off the source of the leak as much as possible. Rational ventilation to accelerate diffusion. Spray ammonia water (dilute alkali water) or mist water and dissolve. If possible, the residual or leaking gas is directed to the collection system or neutralizing solution. Dispose of the resulting wastewater and air leak containers properly treated.
Chlorine (CL2)
Highly toxic gases
Quickly evacuate the personnel in the contaminated area to the upper wind direction, and immediately carry out isolation (vigilance) and strictly restrict access. Enter the site from the upwind direction and avoid contact with acetylene, turpentine, ammonia and other substances. Cut off the source of the leak as much as possible. Rational ventilation to accelerate diffusion. Spray water or dilute alkali water dissolves and neutralizes. It can also be combined with extraction (indoors) or strong ventilation (outdoors). If possible, leaking chlorine or liquid chlorine is channeled to the collection system or neutralization solution, or the leaking cylinders can be immersed in lime emulsion and disposed of the wastewater and leaky containers properly disposed of.
Ammonia (NH3)
Explosive, highly toxic gases
Quickly evacuate the personnel in the leak-contaminated area to the upper wind, and isolate until the gas is exhausted, cutting off the source of fire. Spray the hydrochloric acid-containing water in the spray and, dilute, dissolve, and then extract (indoor) or strong ventilation (outdoor). Residual or leaky gases can also be sent by an exhaust fan into the wash tower or into a fume hood connected to the tower. Contact with and crossing of spills is prohibited. Leaky containers (cylinders) are plugged or overturned to avoid liquid leakage while it is safe. Prevent spills from entering water bodies, sewers, basements or confined spaces.
Nitric Oxide(NO)
Toxic gases
Quickly evacuate the personnel in the leaked and polluted area to the upper wind, immediately isolate, strictly restrict access, and isolate until the gas is exhausted. Close the leakage valve, cut off the source of the leakage, do not make contact between the spilled substance and the combustible substances (wood, paper, oil, etc.), dilute and dissolve the spray-like water, rational ventilation, and accelerate the diffusion. Where conditions permit, embankments or pits can be built to contain large amounts of wastewater generated. Patients who inhale toxic gases should be immediately referred to the hospital for treatment.
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
Highly toxic gases
Quickly evacuate the personnel in the leaked contaminated area to the upper wind, and isolate and strictly restrict access until the gas is exhausted. Cut off the source of the leak as much as possible. If it is a gas, reasonable ventilation and accelerated diffusion. If it is liquid, rinse with plenty of water, dilute and put into the wastewater system. If there is a large amount of leakage, a levee or pit is built to contain it, and spray water is cooled and absorbed steam.
Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
Toxic gases
Quickly evacuate the personnel in the leak-contaminated area to the upper wind, and immediately isolate, strictly restrict access, until the gas is exhausted. Enter the scene from the upper wind, cut off the source of leakage as much as possible, prevent gas from entering the sewer, rational ventilation, and accelerate diffusion. Dilute and dissolve with spray-like water. If possible, the gas can be absorbed through the alkaline solution with a trap, and the poisoned personnel should immediately leave the poisoning scene, lie still, keep warm, absorb oxygen, and thoroughly wash the conjunctival sac with water or normal saline and send it to the hospital for treatment.
Gas (SO2)
Flammable, explosive and toxic gases
Quickly evacuate personnel from the spilled contaminated area to the upper wind and isolate until the gas is exhausted. Cut off the source of ignition, cut off the leaker valve as much as possible, or use leak plugging techniques and tools to plug the leak. Rational ventilation to accelerate diffusion. Prevent gas leaks from entering sewers, basements or confined spaces. If it is possible to send the leaking gas to an open place with an exhaust fan or install a sprinkler to burn it, it can also be directed to the furnace or incinerated in the open by a pipeline.
Phosgene (COCL2 carbonyl chloride)
Toxic gases
Quickly evacuate people from the spilled contaminated area to the upper wind and isolate until the gas is gone. The downwind direction is evacuated to 500 meters. Cut off the air supply. Spray ammonia or other dilute alkali solution on site to neutralize. Then extract (indoor) or strong exhaust (outdoor). Residual or leaky air can also be sent by an exhaust fan into a fume hood connected to the wash tower. Contact with and crossing of spills is prohibited. Plug leaky or flip leaky containers to avoid liquid leakage while it is safe. Prevent spills from entering water bodies, sewers, basements or confined spaces. The leak container can no longer be used and is subject to technical treatment to eliminate possible remaining gases.
Source: Tongchuan Emergency Management Bureau