You may have heard of the "Lincheng carjacking case", which was a big deal and big news that shocked China and foreign countries at that time, and was hailed as another hijacking incident against foreigners in China after the Boxer Rebellion. The main culprit in this major case was Sun Meiyao, the bandit leader who was entrenched in the calf at that time. Today, I will give a brief introduction to the ins and outs of Sun Meiyao and the Lincheng carjacking case.
Sun Meiyao, a native of Baizhuang Village, present-day Zaozhuang Shanting Town, baizhuang belonged to Shanting Beizhuang Town at that time. Sun Meiyao has received a relatively good education since childhood, because he is the fifth oldest in the family, people call him Sun Laowu. In 1918, Sun Meiyao, his brother Sun Meizhu and uncle Sun Guizhi gathered in Baoligu to build a siege, and the surrounding starving people and the rogues and remnants of soldiers from Su Yuwan and other places came to rely on the group, and the number of people increased sharply to 7,000 or 8,000. In the spring of 1920, Sun Meizhu's uncle formed these bandits and starving people into the so-called "Shandong Jianguo Autonomous Army", and Sun Meizhu made himself commander-in-chief. In July 1922, in a battle with officers and soldiers in the town of Xiji in present-day Tengzhou, Sun Meizhu was shot and killed, so Sun Meiyao succeeded him as commander-in-chief.
1. Causes of carjacking in Lincheng
At that time, in order to suppress the "Shandong Jianguo Autonomous Army", the Beiyang government sent The Governor of Shandong, Tanaka Yu, to organize an army to fight bandits in Baoligu. The officers and troops surrounded the calves heavily, causing the mountain to run out of ammunition and food, and there was a danger of being completely annihilated at any time. In order to avoid the bandit nest being served by a pot, Sun Meiyao planned to use the method of kidnapping foreigners to blackmail the officers and troops to lift the siege.
2. The carjacking
After careful planning, Sun Meiyao selected and led more than a thousand elite bandits on the mountain to jump out of the encirclement in the dark and rush to the place between Lincheng (present-day Xuecheng) and Shagou on the Jinpu Railway, demolished the railway tracks, and then ambushed them. Because they had been informed in advance by eyeliner in Shanghai and Nanjing about the operation of the train with foreigners. In the early morning of May 6, 1923, when the express train from Pukou to Tianjin passed through the Jizhuang section, which was the ambush point of the bandits, the train derailed and overturned. The bandits rushed forward and took hostage 19 foreigners and more than 100 Chinese passengers in the car, and killed a Britishman on the spot during the operation. The bandits then unspled these men to the cradle and detained them. The next day, the news came out, the international sensation, Chinese and foreign shock! The foreigners of Britain, the United States, France, Italy, Belgium and other countries have put pressure on the Beiyang government one after another to immediately rescue these detained foreigners, and the Beiyang government was immediately confused.
3. Resolution of the incident
After the bandit army succeeded in kidnapping, the negotiating conditions were put forward. In order to rescue these foreign meat tickets, under the heavy pressure of the great powers, the Beiyang government had no choice but to order the military and political leaders of Shandong to negotiate with the bandit army. After coming and going, five times and three times, the officials and bandits played games with each other, the terms of negotiation changed back and forth, and finally it was decided to pardon all the crimes of the bandit army, recruit the bandit army as a brigade of the officer army, and replenish some money, food and materials to the bandit army. In the end, the officials and bandits signed a contract, and foreign meat tickets were released one after another, and by June 13, 1923, this sensational carjacking incident was basically over.
4. Sun Meiyao's situation after the end of the incident
At the end of June 1923, Sun Meiyao's bandit department was officially reorganized into the newly organized Eleventh Brigade in Shandong, with Sun as the brigade commander, stationed in the area of present-day Zaozhuang City. Sun Meiyao did such a "big thing" that shocked China and foreign countries, which caused great trouble and passivity to all circles of military and political circles in Shandong Province and the Beiyang government at that time, which doomed him to only one end, that is, he must die. Coincidentally, on a certain day at the end of the same year, several soldiers of Sun Meiyao's brigade and soldiers of a certain regiment of the same officer army stationed in Zaozhuang had a fight in the street, and Sun Bu's soldiers were injured and defeated, and after returning to the brigade headquarters, they complained to Sun Meiyao, and sun bu and the regiment were regarded as a vendetta. At this time, Sun's superior, Yanzhou Zhenfu, Zhang Peirong, at the behest of Zheng Shiqi, the governor of Shandong, came forward to mediate the contradiction between Sun Bu and the regiment, and on December 19 of the same year, invited Sun Meiyao to a banquet at the Zaozhuang Zhongxing Coal Mine Club, arrested him and stabbed him to death. After Sun's death, his subordinates were either reorganized, dismissed, or fled. After his death, his body was buried in the old forest of the Sun family in Baizhuang Village, Shanting, and a few years ago, the highway was built, the old forest of the Sun family was relocated, and Sun Meiyao was relocated to the Longquan Cemetery in the central district of Zaozhuang City.
5. Society's comments on Sun Meiyao
At that time, after the carjacking case in Lincheng, it caused great repercussions in the society. At that time, the social situation in China was during the semi-colonial and semi-feudal period, and people were extremely dissatisfied with the incompetence of the government, warlords fighting, and bullying by the great powers. Sun Meiyao's carjacking of foreigners as hostages is undoubtedly a great contempt and blow to foreigners on the surface, and to a certain extent, Chinese feel happy in their hearts and have a bad breath. Therefore, when the incident occurred, such as Lu Xun, Bingxin, Sun Yat-sen, Chen Duxiu, Qu Qiubai and Li Weihan, etc. all made some positive comments about it, and for a while their bandit nature seemed to be selectively forgotten. In the 1990s, some people affirmed Sun Meiyao's extremely manufactured carjacking case in Lincheng, which now seems inappropriate.
6. Objective evaluation of Sun Meiyao
First of all, Sun has always been a bandit. Its purpose of gathering people and taking hostages is no different from that of other bandits. In addition to the 19 foreigners in the Lincheng carjacking case, more than 100 other meat tickets were Chinese, and Sun did not open a side to a country's compatriots. As victims, the lives of many Chinese people have been infinitely obscured or even ignored by the safety of a few foreigners.
Secondly, before the hijacking of the train, Sun Bandit had been entrenched in the cradle, constantly harassing and maiming the surrounding people, making the already difficult life of the civilian masses even more miserable. He has been holding hostages all year round at the top of Baoligu Mountain, all of whom are the surrounding people, and there are old and young, male and female, and the young children are only six, seven or eight years old. The treatment of these hostages is also extremely inhuman, the hostages are not clothed, they are hungry, they are bathed in wind and rain, and life and death are up to the sky.
Moreover, sun bandits always adhered to the requirement of being taken in by the warlord authorities in the conditions put forward in the negotiations on the robbery case, which is enough to show that the essence of Sun Bandits is still to seek the greatest rights and interests for themselves, and there is no original intention of asking for the people's lives at all. Regardless of whether it has been adapted, it is still a variety of evil deeds that do not change their evil nature.
Therefore, no matter what positive people said about Sun Meiyao and what she did, no matter what kind of positive people had at that time, they could not change their objective nature, and even if some people still tried to whitewash him later, they could not change the essence of their bandits from the objective reality.
Inside the frame is Sun Meiyao
Sun Meiyao (third from left)
A train that ran on Jinpu Road during the Republic of China period
Vintage steam locomotive
Cuddle
Sun Meiyao's tomb
Tomb of Sun Meiyao and his nephew